Final Exam

Question 1

What does the conduction zone perform in the respiratory system?

Answer 1

Conducts air (filters, moistens, warms)

Question 2

What does the respiratory zone perform in the respiratory system?

Answer 2

Gas exchange

Question 3

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 3

Respiration
Sound
Ph Balance
Thermoregulation
Smell

Question 4

What are the two divisions of the respiratory system?

Answer 4

Tracts (anatomical)
Zones (physiological)

Question 5

What are the tracks to the respiratory system?

Answer 5

Upper respiratory system
Lower respiratory system

Question 6

What makes up the upper respiratory tract?

Answer 6

Nasal cavity -> larynx

Question 7

What makes up the lower respiratory tract?

Answer 7

Trachea -> alveoli

Question 8

What are the zones of the respiratory system?

Answer 8

Conduction zone
Respiratory zone

Question 9

What makes up the conduction zone in the respiratory system?

Answer 9

Nasal cavity -> terminal bronchioles

Question 10

What makes up the respiratory zone in the respiratory system?

Answer 10

Respiratory bronchioles -> alveoli

Question 11

What are the 5 processes of respiration?

Answer 11

1. Ventilation
2. External respiration
3. Transportation
4. Internal respiration
5. Cellular respiration

Question 12

What process of respiration performs bulk air flow movement?

Answer 12

Ventilation

Question 13

What process of respiration performs gas exchange between alveoli and pulmonary capillaries/blood?

Answer 13

External respiration

Question 14

What process of respiration performs the transportation of respiratory gases?

Answer 14

Transportation

Question 15

What process of respiration performs gas exchange between systemic capillaries/blood and working tissue?

Answer 15

Internal respiration

Question 16

What process of respiration performs gas exchange/transformation of gases in the mitochondria of the cell?

Answer 16

Cellular respiration

Question 17

What is known as the surrounding air pressure (outside of the body)?

Answer 17

Ambient pressure

Question 18

What is Boyles Law?

Answer 18

Any given gas has inverse relationship between volume of container and pressure of the gas

Question 19

How does gas travel?

Answer 19

High pressure to low pressure

Question 20

What muscles contract during inspiratory rest?

Answer 20

Diaphragm
External intercostals

Question 21

What muscles contract during forced inspiration?

Answer 21

Diaphragm
External intercostals Sternocleidomastoids
Scalenes
Pectoralis minor

Question 22

What muscles relax during expiratory rest?

Answer 22

Diaphragm
External intercostals

Question 23

What muscles contract and rest during expiratory rest?

Answer 23

Rest: diaphragm, external intercostals
Contract: abdominal muscles, internal intercostals

Question 24

What describes singular measurements of air we move or can move and typically changes during acutely?

Answer 24

Volumes

Question 25

What describes multiple volumes (2+ singular measurements) of air we can move and typically does change acutely?

Answer 25

Capacity

Question 26

What is the normal flow rate?

Answer 26

12-15

Question 27

What are the top three factors affecting volume and capacity?

Answer 27

Sex (males have increase over females) Height (taller = increase) Age

Question 28

What are honorable mentions (not top three) to factors affecting volume and capacity?

Answer 28

Extreme obesity Disease Fitness Pregnancy Posture (better posture = increase) Scoliosis

Question 29

What respiratory test contains a battery of tests that measure the upper limitations of your ability to ventilate including volume, capacity, time and forced repetition?

Answer 29

Pulmonary function test

Question 30

What respiratory test tests maximal effect measuring air expired (compared to estimate)?

Answer 30

Forced vital capacity test

Question 31

What respiratory test assesses moving air maximally but takes into account sex, height, age, and disease?

Answer 31

Forced expiratory volume test

Question 32

When tidal volume increases, what happens to expiratory and inspiratory reserve volume?

Answer 32

Decreases

Question 33

What respiratory values do not change during acute exercise?

Answer 33

Residual volume Total lung capacity Vital capacity

Question 34

What is the amount of air we can move with any inspiration or expiration?

Answer 34

Tidal volume

Question 35

What is the average tidal volume (mL)?

Answer 35

500mL

Question 36

What is the maximum amount of air we can inspire in excess of a normal tidal volume inspiration?

Answer 36

Inspiratory reserve volume

Question 37

What is the maximum amount of air we can expire in excess of a normal tidal volume expiration?

Answer 37

Expiratory reserve volume

Question 38

What are the average values (mL) for inspiratory reserve volumes in both males and females?

Answer 38

Males: 3100mL Females: 1900mL

Question 39

What are the average values (mL) for expiratory reserve volumes in both males and females?

Answer 39

Males: 1200mL Females: 700mL

Question 40

What describes the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a max exhale?

Answer 40

Residual volume

Question 41

Why do we have residual volume?

Answer 41

To prevent alveoli from collapsing in on itself

Question 42

What is the maximum amount of air that can be inspired after a normal tidal expiration?

Answer 42

Inspiratory capacity

Question 43

What are the average values (mL) for residual volumes in both males and females?

Answer 43

Males: 1200mL Females: 1100mL

Question 44

What are the average values (mL) for inspiratory capacity in both males and females?

Answer 44

Males: 3600mL Females: 2400mL

Question 45

How do you find inspiratory capacity?

Answer 45

Tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume

Question 46

What describes the amount of air leftover after a normal tidal expiration?

Answer 46

Functional residual capacity

Question 47

What are the average values (mL) for functional residual capacity in both males and females?

Answer 47

Males: 2400mL Females: 1800mL

Question 48

How do you find functional residual capacity?

Answer 48

Expiratory reserve volume + residual volume

Question 49

What is the amount of air you can inspire after a max expire?

Answer 49

Vital capacity