Final Exam

Question 1

Normal signs of aging on skin

Answer 1

• skin tears
• easy bruising
• dry skin

Question 2

Normal signs of aging with musculoskeletal system

Answer 2

• loss of muscle tissue
• decrease in bone density
• decrease in muscle mass
• stiff joints
• forward rounding of someone’s back

Question 3

Normal signs of aging in eyesight

Answer 3

• macular degeneration
• cataracts
• glaucoma
• retinopathy

Question 4

Normal signs of aging in hearing

Answer 4

• hearing loss
• high pitched ringing or whistling

Question 5

Normal signs of aging in the endocrine system

Answer 5

• decrease in hormone production (estrogen, testosterone, growth hormone, melatonin)

Question 6

Normal aging in the cardiovascular system

Answer 6

• HR may slightly lower
• valves can become thicker

Question 7

Normal aging in the respiratory system

Answer 7

• decrease in lung function

Question 7

Normal aging in the kidneys

Answer 7

• kidney tissue starts to decrease
• nephrons decrease
• bladder wall weakens

Question 8

Normal aging neurologically

Answer 8

• cognitive decline
• memory issues
• problem solving skills decrease

Question 9

Define dementia

Answer 9

a group of symptoms related to loss of memory, judgement, language, complex motor skills & other functions caused by the permanent damage or death of the brain’s nerve cells or neurons

Question 10

Most common type of irreversible dementia

Answer 10

Alzheimer’s disease

Question 11

Being present with someone with dementia means what?

Answer 11

• giving them your complete attention[
• trying to understand what they need at that moment

Question 12

What are the 6 Teepa gems

Answer 12

• sapphire
• ruby
• diamond
• emerald
• amber
• pearl

Question 13

Which gem has cognition that is clear and sharp?

Answer 13

diamond

Question 14

What is the 2nd most common type of dementia?

Answer 14

Lewy Body dementia

Question 15

How many different stages of pressure ulcers are there?

Answer 15

4

Question 16

What term is utilized for someone who jumps from pharmacy to pharmacy?

Answer 16

polypharmacy

Question 17

The area of the brain that is usually the first part of the brain affected by Alzheimer’s Disease?

Answer 17

entorhinal cortex then hippocampus

Question 18

The cerebral hemisphere accounts for what percentage of the brain’s weight?

Answer 18

85%

Question 19

Individual brain cells are also known as

Answer 19

neurons

Question 20

The 2 cerebral hemispheres are connected by what?

Answer 20

corpus callosum

Question 21

Which lobe of the brain is associated with visual processing?

Answer 21

occipital lobe

Question 22

According to Teepa Snow’s explanation, an individual’s word rhythm is located on which side of the brain?

Answer 22

right side

Question 23

Specific symptoms of dementia include:

Answer 23

• challenges with memory, concentration, orientation, language, judgement, visuospatial, skills & sequencing

Question 24

What is likely to be included in a diagnostic evaluation for Alzheimer’s disease?

Answer 24

- MRI - CT - PET scan - SPECT scan

Question 25

Describe delirium

Answer 25

- sudden and short - can be caused by meds, dehydration, anesthesia - can either be cured or leads to death - can cause increased confusion or problems with thinking &functioning

Question 26

Strategies for communicating with a person with dementia include:

Answer 26

- introduce yourself at eye level - greet by name - approach slowly - respect their intimate space - offer your hand & make eye contact

Question 27

Signs of abuse

Answer 27

- injury that doesn't match the story - burns - choking - pinching - pulling hair - use of restraints - black eyes - cuts - unusual marks or patterns

Question 28

When reporting abuse what do you NOT do?

Answer 28

investigate

Question 29

What are the 5 basic human needs of the Limbic System?

Answer 29

- hunger & thirst - wake/sleep cycles & rest - elimination - comfort & personal preferences - pain relief

Question 30

Which gem is very vivacious, know what they want and when they want it

Answer 30

pearls

Question 31

According to Teepa Snow, what are the four truths about dementia?

Answer 31

1. at least 2 parts of the brain are dying 2. chronic 3. its progressive, it gets worse 4. its terminal

Question 32

How many types of frontal temporal dementia are there?

Answer 32

3

Question 33

Damage to the hippocampus may lead to which of the following?

Answer 33

- difficulty forming new memories - recalling past events - can impact emotional regulation

Question 34

Motivation, manners, judgment, self-control, planning is associated with the _____ lobe of the brain

Answer 34

frontal lobe

Question 35

Which dementia primarily affects the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain?

Answer 35

frontaltemporal dementia