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Earth and Space Science > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?

A

The crust

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2
Q

True or False: The Earth is the third planet from the Sun.

A

True

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The process by which rocks are broken down by weather is called __________.

A

weathering

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4
Q

What is the name of the force that pulls objects toward each other?

A

Gravity

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5
Q

What layer of the Earth is made up of liquid iron and nickel?

A

Outer core

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6
Q

Which planet is known as the Red Planet?

A

Mars

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7
Q

What is the main gas found in the Earth’s atmosphere?

A

Nitrogen

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8
Q

True or False: The Moon is a planet.

A

False

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9
Q

What is the term for the spinning of the Earth on its axis?

A

Rotation

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10
Q

Which layer of the Earth is solid and made of silicate rocks?

A

Mantle

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11
Q

What type of rock is formed from cooled magma or lava?

A

Igneous rock

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the layer of gases surrounding the Earth.

A

atmosphere

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13
Q

What is the name of the Earth’s only natural satellite?

A

The Moon

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14
Q

True or False: The Earth’s atmosphere is composed mostly of oxygen.

A

False

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15
Q

What is the phenomenon called when the Sun, Earth, and Moon align, causing a solar or lunar eclipse?

A

Eclipse

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16
Q

Which planet has the most extensive ring system?

A

Saturn

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17
Q

What is the term for the theory explaining the movement of tectonic plates?

A

Plate tectonics

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18
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy.

A

Photosynthesis

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19
Q

What is the primary source of energy for the Earth?

A

The Sun

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20
Q

Which layer of the atmosphere is closest to Earth?

A

Troposphere

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21
Q

True or False: The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean on Earth.

A

True

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22
Q

What is the term for the boundary between two tectonic plates?

A

Plate boundary

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23
Q

Which gas is most responsible for the greenhouse effect?

A

Carbon dioxide

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24
Q

What geological feature is formed at divergent plate boundaries?

A

Mid-ocean ridges

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25
Fill in the blank: __________ are large masses of ice that move slowly over land.
Glaciers
26
What is the name of the process by which water vapor turns into liquid water?
Condensation
27
True or False: Earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates.
True
28
What is the term for the layer of Earth that includes the crust and the uppermost mantle?
Lithosphere
29
Which planet is known for its Great Red Spot?
Jupiter
30
What are the four inner planets of the solar system?
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
31
Fill in the blank: __________ is the process by which plants and animals adapt to their environment.
Evolution
32
What is the term for the layer of Earth that consists of the liquid outer core and solid inner core?
Core
33
True or False: Venus is hotter than Mercury.
True
34
What is the primary cause of seasons on Earth?
The tilt of the Earth's axis
35
What type of rock is formed from the accumulation of sediment?
Sedimentary rock
36
Fill in the blank: __________ is the study of Earth's atmosphere and weather.
Meteorology
37
What is the name of the largest desert on Earth?
Sahara Desert
38
True or False: The Earth is flat.
False
39
What is the term for the process of water moving from the Earth’s surface to the atmosphere and back?
Water cycle
40
What phenomenon occurs when the Earth's magnetic field reverses?
Geomagnetic reversal
41
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the layer of Earth that contains molten rock.
mantle
42
What is the main component of the Earth's core?
Iron
43
True or False: Tornadoes are more common in the summer.
False
44
What is the name of the boundary where two tectonic plates collide?
Convergent boundary
45
What is the term for a large-scale movement of air in the atmosphere?
Air current
46
Fill in the blank: __________ is the study of the universe beyond the Earth's atmosphere.
Astronomy
47
What is the term for the distance light travels in one year?
Light year
48
What is the main reason for ocean currents?
Wind and the Earth's rotation
49
True or False: The Earth revolves around the Sun in a circular orbit.
False
50
What is the term for the layer of Earth that is not solid?
Asthenosphere
51
What are the two types of tectonic plates?
Continental and oceanic
52
Fill in the blank: __________ is the process by which rocks change from one type to another.
Rock cycle
53
What is the name of the largest volcano in the solar system?
Olympus Mons
54
True or False: The Great Wall of China is visible from the Moon.
False
55
What is the term for a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust?
Earthquake
56
What is the primary gas in the atmosphere that contributes to acid rain?
Sulfur dioxide
57
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the region of space that surrounds Earth and contains charged particles.
magnetosphere
58
What is the name of the theory that explains the formation of the universe?
Big Bang Theory
59
True or False: The Earth is approximately 4.5 billion years old.
True
60
What is the main purpose of a seismograph?
To measure seismic waves
61
What is the term for the process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces?
Erosion
62
Fill in the blank: __________ is the study of rocks and minerals.
Geology
63
What is the most abundant element in the universe?
Hydrogen
64
True or False: The Sun is a star.
True
65
What is the term for the movement of tectonic plates away from each other?
Divergence
66
What is the main component of the Earth's atmosphere?
Nitrogen
67
Fill in the blank: __________ is the force that causes objects to fall to Earth.
Gravity
68
What is the term for the amount of matter in an object?
Mass
69
True or False: The equator is the longest line of latitude.
True
70
What is the name of the theory that describes the movement of continents?
Continental drift
71
What is the term for the visible spectrum of light emitted by the Sun?
Solar radiation
72
Fill in the blank: __________ are small, rocky bodies that orbit the Sun.
Asteroids
73
What is the main effect of deforestation on the environment?
Loss of biodiversity
74
True or False: The Milky Way is the only galaxy in the universe.
False

Earth and Space Science (1 decks)

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