Final exam Flashcards
(32 cards)
Chloroplast function:
Absorb sunlight to create glucose
Vacuole function:
Store extra water, keep the plant rigid
Ribosome function:
Location of protein production
Rough ER function:
Covered in ribosomes, the beginning of protein synthesis
Nucleus function:
Stores and protects DNA
Golgi Apparatus function:
Accepts vesicles of proteins; edits, sorts, and packages them
Mitochondria function:
Turns glucose into ATP
Main product of a cell?
Proteins
Phases of the cell cycle
G1, S, G2, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
When human cells divide and make two identical cells, how many chromosomes does each cell have?
46
What phase of the cell cycle does DNA double?
S
Why does the cell’s DNA need to double?
So each cell has enough DNA when divided
Why must cells divide?
To replace old and dead cells with new ones
What are stem cells?
Undifferentiated cells that can be used to create any type of body cell.
Define ATP
Small energy source for cells
What is ATP used for in the cell?
Any job the cell does that requires energy
Photosynthesis equation
6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
Water + Carbon dioxide—> Glucose + Oxygen
What is the function of Chlorophyll?
Absorb the sun’s energy
What is the goal of cellular respiration?
Break down food to create ATP for your cells
DNA is ______into RNA which is_______into Proteins
Transcribed, Translated
Where does transcription happen?
The nucleus
Where does translation happen?
Cytoplasm
Transcription produces a strand of….
mRNA
Translation produces a_____, which is made up of a chain of _____.
Protein, Amino Acids
