Final Exam - 2

Question 1

Insiders view

Answer 1

Emic

Question 2

Outsiders view

Answer 2

Etic

Question 3

In historical research study who or what constitutes the sample of the study?

Answer 3

Data sources

Question 4

Evidence-based practice has been established to advance nursing practice. Which of the following best describes evidence-based practice?

Answer 4

Utilization of the best available evidence, clinical expertise, and patient preferences/values in making clinical decisions.

Question 5

Which research question will indicate to the nurse researcher that a historical approach was used in the research study?

Answer 5

What was Nightingale’s involvement in sanitary reforms during the 1860s?

Question 6

Those things that are perceived by our senses are called _______

Answer 6

Phenomena

Question 7

Which aspect of the following research question constitutes the context? “What is the grief experience of women from rural Mexico who have a late-stage pregnancy loss?”

Answer 7

Rural Mexico

Question 8

The nurse researcher is attempting to grade the strength of a body of evidence used in a research study. How can the researcher grade the evidence for consistency?

Answer 8

Consistency is the degree to which studies that have similar and different designs (but investigate the same research question) report similar findings.

Question 9

Which factors or considerations constitute the feasibility of a research study that proposes to include teenage mothers and their experience with postpartum depression?

Answer 9

Availability of participants

Question 10

A nurse researcher writes an article for a professional journal based on his previously conducted research on variables that predict obesity in children. Which of the following best describes this research activity?

Answer 10

Dissemination

Question 11

The choice to use either qualitative or quantitative research methods is guided by the ________ _______.

Answer 11

Research question

Question 12

What type of format is demonstrated by the following research question: “What is the lived experience of late-stage pregnancy loss among women over age 35?”

Answer 12

Phenomenologic

Question 13

Which statement is consistent with an emic view of a factor or situation?

Answer 13

White teenager’s statement that being “skinny” as a teen is more socially acceptable than being of normal weight or overweight

Question 14

Which statement is consistent with an emic view of a factor or situation?

Answer 14

White teenager’s statement that being “skinny” as a teen is more socially acceptable than being of normal weight or overweight

Question 15

What criterion of scientific rigor for qualitative research is met when the research report leads the reader from the research question and raw data through the steps of analysis and interpretation of the data?

Answer 15

Auditability

Question 16

Which action demonstrates the role of a knowledgeable consumer of nursing research?

Answer 16

Evaluating the credibility of the research findings

Question 17

Which title suggests an ethnographic study?

Answer 17

The phenomenon of breast self-examination among African American women

Question 18

Which statement represents a potential area of research for a novice nurse researcher?

Answer 18

“It seems that most of the patient falls on our unit occur during the night shift.”

Question 19

How should the number of subjects for participation in a qualitative study be determined?

Answer 19

Data are collected from new subjects until no new information is generated.

Question 20

Which part of the following research question is the dependent variable?
“How does maternal employment among health care professionals affect infant health during the first 6 months of life?”

Answer 20

Infant health

Question 21

The nurse researcher is attempting to use the critical reading process as she/he analyzes a research article. The nurse identifies the main theme of the article and states it in her/his own words in two sentences. Which critical reading process strategy is the researcher using?

Answer 21

Strategy for comprehensive understanding

Question 22

Select the independent variable in the following research purpose: This study will compare the effect of warm and cold applications on the resolution of intravenous (IV) infiltrations in hospitalized, postoperative elderly patients.

Answer 22

Warm and cold applications

Question 23

What would be an appropriate EBP performance criterion for an advanced practice nurse?

Answer 23

Serves as a coach and mentor in EBP

Question 24

The nurse researcher is conducting a research study using a dozen subjects who were interviewed regarding their experience with postpartum depression. The researcher opts for a qualitative research design. What would be the most accurate rationale for the researcher choosing this type of design?

Answer 24

Qualitative research collects data from a small number of subjects, allowing for in-depth study of a phenomenon.

Question 25

The nurse is working with a 28-year-old male with recurrent furunculosis (skin boils) for the past 8 months; these episodes have been treated with drainage and several courses of prophylactic antibiotics but keep recurring. The patient asks if the recurrences can be prevented. Which of the following is the best example of a PICO question for this situation?

Answer 25

In patients with recurrent furunculosis, do prophylactic antibiotics, compared to no treatment, reduce the recurrence rate?

Question 26

Which mode of clinical application would be a nurse explaining the various stages of grief to a widow, reassuring her that the nurse will assist her through the process and that others have successfully made their way through the grief process?

Answer 26

Anticipatory guidance

Question 27

What are the four components of a clinical question?

Answer 27

Population, intervention, comparison, outcome

Question 28

Which type of format is demonstrated by the following research question: “Is there a relationship between self-esteem and body weight among postmenopausal women?”

Answer 28

Correlational

Question 29

The nurse researcher is attempting to design a research study. Which identified research problem has enough significance to warrant further development?

Answer 29

Obese adults are at risk for development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Question 30

Which of the following is a reason for nurses who do not conduct research to understand the nursing research process?

Answer 30

To be able to evaluate nursing research reports for relevance for their clinical practice.

Question 31

In reading a report of a phenomenologic study, the nurse researcher finds direct quotes from the participants threaded throughout the narrative. What is the significance of this observation?

Answer 31

Research is supporting their findings

Question 32

A nurse researcher who is considering whether to use a qualitative research design should be aware that the focus of qualitative research is what?

Answer 32

Studying human experiences that occur within a person’s natural setting

Question 33

The determining factor for a researcher in selecting a qualitative research approach should be what?

Answer 33

The nature of the research question

Question 34

Term synonymous with paradigm

Answer 34

Worldview

Question 35

Which research topic would most likely be studied through a qualitative research approach?

Answer 35

The meaning of health and health promotion among low-income Southern rural women.

Question 36

How is the number of subjects for participation determined for a qualitative study

Answer 36

Data are collected from new subjects until data saturation is reached.

Question 37

When a researcher analyzes data from a phenomenologic study, what is the final synthesis of participants’ reported experiences?

Answer 37

Description of the lived experience

Question 38

Scientific rigor for qualitative research is met when the research report leads the reader from the research question and raw data through the steps of analysis and interpretation of the data?

Answer 38

Auditability

Question 39

The nurse researcher reports that after data collection was completed, a follow-up focus group session with participants was used to validate that the participants agreed the findings were true to their own experiences. What aspect of the study does this support?

Answer 39

The study's credibility

Question 40

A nurse is designing a study to determine whether a videotape or a written pamphlet is more effective in teaching young women how to perform breast self-examination (BSE). Which of these actions would provide the best control for a mediating variable?

Answer 40

Exclude subjects who already perform BSE on a regular basis

Question 41

A nurse researcher assigns half a study sample to an experimental group and the other half to a control group. What does this action represent?

Answer 41

Manipulation of the independent variable