Final Exam

Question 1

______ a summary description of a fixed characteristic or measure of the target population.

Answer 1

Parameter

Question 2

______ denotes the true value which would be obtained if a census rather than a sample was undertaken.

Answer 2

Parameter

Question 3

is a summary description of a characteristic or measure of the sample. The sample is used as an estimate of the population parameter

Answer 3

Statistic

Question 4

The error when the sample selected is an imperfect representation of the population of interest.

Answer 4

Random Sampling Error

Question 5

the desired size of the estimating interval. This is the maximum permissible difference between the sample statistic and the population parameter.

Answer 5

Precision Level

Question 6

________ _______ is the range into which the true population parameter will fall, assuming a given level of confidence.

Answer 6

Confidence Interval

Question 7

The probability that the confidence interval will include the population parameter

Answer 7

Confidence Level

Question 8

The distribution of the values of a sample statistic. Computed for each possible sample of a given size.

Answer 8

Sampling Distribution

Question 9

The process of using sample statistic to estimate corresponding population values.

Answer 9

Statistical Inference

Question 10

as sample size increases, the distribution of the sample mean of randomly selected samples approached the normal distribution. *True regardless of distribution of original pop distribution.

Answer 10

Central Limit Theorem

Question 11

The normal distribution of proportion approximates a normal in large samples.

Answer 11

Sampling distribution of the mean

Question 12

Average of sampling distribution of the mean = _________

Answer 12

The corresponding population value

Question 13

The standard deviation of the sampling distribution.

Answer 13

Standard error of the mean

Question 14

When one variable is considered at a time.

Answer 14

Frequency distribution

Question 15

The distribution of the values of a sample statistic. Computed for each possible sample of a given size.

Answer 15

Frequency distribution

Question 16

Average Value, mod commonly used measure of central tendency.

Answer 16

Mean

Question 17

The value that occurs most frequently it represents the highest peak of the distribution.

Answer 17

Mode

Question 18

The middle value when data is arrayed ascending or deciding order. is the 50th percentile

Answer 18

Median

Question 19

The mean squared deviation from the mean. It can never be negative

Answer 19

Variance

Question 20

The square root of the variance

Answer 20

Standard deviation

Question 21

Measures the spread of the data. The difference between the largest and the smallest values in the sample.

Answer 21

Range

Question 22

Statement of the satis quo, one of no difference or no effect. It is not redirect, no changes will be made. (Value of parameter)

Answer 22

Null Hypothesis

Question 23

One which some difference or effect is expected. Accepting this hypothesis will lead to changes in opinions or actions.

Answer 23

Alternative Hypothesis

Question 24

This test is used for the nthull hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is expresses directionally.

Answer 24

One-tailed Test

Question 25

When both hypothesis are note expressed directionally.

Answer 25

Two tailed test

Question 26

Measure how close the sample has come to the null hypothesis and follows a all- known distribution, such as normal, t, chisquare.

Answer 26

Test statistic

Question 27

occurs when the sample results lead to the rejection of the null hypothesis when it is fact true.

Answer 27

Type 1 error

Question 28

The probability of typo ! error is called

Answer 28

Level of significance

Question 29

Occurs when, based on the sample results, the null hypothesis is not rejected when it is in fact true.

Answer 29

Type ii error

Question 30

the probability of observing a value of the test statistic as extreme as or more extreme than, the value actually observed – assuming the null is true.

Answer 30

p-value

Question 31

Describes two ore more variables simultaneously.

Answer 31

Cross tabulation

Question 32

Theresults in tables that reflect the joint distribution of two or more variables with a limited number of categories or distinct values.

Answer 32

Cross tabulation

Question 33

Contingency table with to variables

Answer 33

Bivariate cross-tabulation

Question 34

is a skewed distribution whose shape depends solely on the number of degrees of freedom.

Answer 34

Chi-square distribution

Question 35

As the number of degrees of freedom increases, t_______ ______ becomes more symmetrical.

Answer 35

Chi -square distribution

Question 36

Assume that the variables of interest are measured on at least an interval scale.

Answer 36

Parametric test

Question 37

The samples are _______ if they are drawn randomly from different populations.

Answer 37

Independent

Question 38

Test of sample variance may be performed if it is not known whether the two populations have equal variance.

Answer 38

F test

Question 39

It is used as a test of means for two or more populations. The null hypothesis, typically, is that all means are equal.

Answer 39

ANOVA

Question 40

A particular combination of factor levels, or categories, is called a

Answer 40

Treatment

Question 41

It involves only one categorical variable, or a single factor. The treatment is the same as a factor level.

Answer 41

One way analysis of variance

Question 42

This is the sum of squares divided by the appropriate degrees of freedom.

Answer 42

Mean square

Question 43

The null hypothesis that the category means are equal in the population. It is tested based on the ratio of mean square related to X and mean square related to error.

Answer 43

F statistic

Question 44

This is the variation in Y related to the variation in the MEANS of the categories of X.

Answer 44

SSbetween or SSx

Question 45

this is the variation in Y due to the variation WITHIN each of the categories of X

Answer 45

SSwithing, SSerror

Question 46

It , summarizes the strength of association between two metric (interval or ratio scaled) variables, say X and Y.

Answer 46

Product moment correlation

Question 47

The correlation coefficient between two variables will be the same regardless of their underlying units of measurement.

Answer 47

Product moment correlation