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Final Exam Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

Three Marks of Experience/Existence

A

Impermanence, non-self, and suffering

Annica, anatta, and dukkha

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2
Q

Three Jewels/Gems/Refuges

A

Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha

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3
Q

Threefold Path

A

Ethics, Meditation, and Wisdom

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4
Q

Four Noble Truths

A

Suffering, the cause (thirsting/craving), cessation, and the path to cessation
Dukkha, Trishna, Cessation, and Path

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5
Q

Five Precepts

A

Against killing, theft, sexual misconduct, lying, and intoxication

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6
Q

Shakyamuni Buddha

A

“The Founder of Buddhism”

6th century BCE

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7
Q

Samsara

A

The recurring cycle of death and rebirth under the control of ignorance and fraught with suffering

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8
Q

Nirvana

A

The state of complete liberation from samsara

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9
Q

Bodhi

A

Awakening

The understanding possessed by a Buddha regarding the true nature of things

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10
Q

Dukkha

A

Suffering

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11
Q

Buddha

A

Awakened one

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12
Q

Dharma

A

Spiritual teachings

The Truth taught by the Buddha

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13
Q

Sangha

A

Spiritual community

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14
Q

Vajrayana/Tantra Buddhism

A

The Tantric Buddhist tradition of India and Tibet

Began around 6th century CE

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15
Q

Dhyana

A

The practice of mind control by which we stop all thinking and seek to realize Truth in its essence

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16
Q

Chan

A

“Meditation”

A school of Mahayana Buddhism developed in China from the 6th century CE onwards

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17
Q

Zen

A

A school of Mahayana Buddhism that originated in China during the Tang dynasty as Chan

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18
Q

Mappo

A

The age that is supposed to begin 2,000 years after Sakyamuni Buddha’s passing and last for “10,000 years”
Era of Decline

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19
Q

Dao

A

“Way”, “path”, or “principle”

Dharma

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20
Q

Wei Wu-Wei

A

Nirvana

“The action of non-action”

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21
Q

Confucianism

A

A system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius

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22
Q

Daoism

A

A philosophical, ethical or religious tradition of Chinese origin that emphasizes living in harmony with the Dao
China before Chan

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23
Q

Dogen

A

A Japanese Buddhist priest who founded the Soto school of Zen in Japan
1200-1253 CE

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24
Q

Bodhidharma

A

A Buddhist monk who lived during the 5th or 6th century who brought Chan to China

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25
Mandala
A circular diagram symbolic of the entire universe
26
Deity yoga
The tantric practice of generating oneself in the form of a meditational deity with purified surroundings
27
Yogacara
Final, definitive understanding
28
Vajra
A Sanskrit word meaning both thunderbolt and diamond; a weapon which is used as a ritual object to symbolize both the properties of a diamond (indestructibility) and a thunderbolt (irresistible force)
29
Bodhicitta
A spontaneous wish to attain enlightenment motivated by great compassion for all sentient beings "Heart-mind of awakening"
30
Mantra
Protection of the mind; Sanskrit syllables recited in conjunction with the practice of a particular meditational deity and embodying the qualities of that deity
31
Lotus Sutra
One of the most important texts in Mahayana Buddhism, significant particularly in China and Japan and given special veneration by the Nichiren sect. Earliest part dates to between 1st century BCE and 1st century CE Buddha's last teaching Evil people and women can gain enlightenment
32
Nalanda
North Indian monastic university
33
Arhat
Guardians of Buddhism | 16, 18, or 500 in number
34
Bodhisattva
One whose spiritual practice is directed toward the achievement of enlightenment; one who possesses the compassionate motive of bodhichitta A buddha's past lives
35
Upaya
A term used in Mahayana Buddhism to refer to an aspect of guidance along the path to nirvana where a conscious, voluntary action is driven by an incomplete reasoning about its direction "Skill in means"
36
Tathagata
"One who has thus gone"
37
Tathagata-garbha
A buddha within | The in-dwelling buddha
38
Cosmology
Universe is infinite Buddhas are everywhere The opportunity for buddhas is everywhere
39
Soteriology
Theory of liberation/salvation | Conception of the goal (nirvana)
40
Buddhology
At first to be emulated; later an object of devotion | Arhats and solitary buddhas, once thought of as awakened now seen as provisional steps en route to Buddhahood
41
Buddha-anusmrti
Recollection of the Buddha
42
Three Turnings of the Wheel
Thesis (dharmas) Antithesis (emptiness) Synthesis
43
Abhidharma
Ancient (3rd century BCE and later) Buddhist texts which contain detailed scholastic reworkings of doctrinal material appearing in the Buddhist sutras
44
Shunyata
Emptiness | The absence of independent self-existence among phenomena
45
Vipassana
"Insight" Mindful awareness of impermanence Contemplation of the Buddha
46
Puja
The act of worship
47
Bodhgaya
Location of the Buddha's awakening
48
Jataka
Births
49
The Wheel of Life
The "Three Poisons" Two orders of conditionality Six realms of existence Twelve-fold chain of cause and condition
50
The "Three Poisons"
Greed (the rooster) Hatred (the snake) Delusion (the pig)
51
Two Orders of Conditionality
Ascending and descending
52
Six Realms of Existence
``` Gods Titans Humans Animals Hungry ghosts Denizens of hell realms ```
53
Twelve-fold Chain of Cause and Condition
``` Ignorance Predispositions Consciousness "Name-and-form" Six sensory faculties Contact Feeling Craving Grasping Becoming Rebirth Old age and death ```
54
Key Characteristics of Mahayana
``` Expansiveness Universality Literature Cosmology Buddhology Soteriology Doctrines Methodology ```
55
Tantra
Interwoven nature of all experience/reality
56
Pure Land Buddhism
The East Asian school centered on devotional practice directed toward in the Pure Land of Amitabha Buddha
57
Chan or Zen Buddhism
The East Asian school centered on meditative practice | Began in 4th-5th century CE
58
Nichiren
Japanese school emphasizing Mappo and importance of the Lotus Sutra
59
Phase Three Diversity
Focusing on the Technical Dimension | Nichren, Pure Land, Zen, and Vajrayana
60
Early Conservative Buddhism
400 BCE-100 CE | Focusing on the Developmental Dimension
61
The Mahayana Revitalization
0 BCE-500 CE | Focusing on the Relational Dimension

Buddhism (2 decks)

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