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U.S. History > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What are trusts? What were the issues with trusts around the Turn of the Century?

A

Monopolies: They tried to take over control of people and they abused their power

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2
Q

What were big accomplishments of Teddy Roosevelt?

A

The Panama Canal. Square Deal

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3
Q

What was Teddy Roosevelt like personally?

A

He was supportive and hardworking

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4
Q

How did Teddy Roosevelt see the Presidency and its use of power?

A

He used his power to be heard to change the view and make the economy better

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5
Q

What is a tenement?

A

Overcrowded and unsanitary living environment

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6
Q

What is a settlement house?

A

A group of people who provided help to others

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7
Q

One of the most famous settlement houses was started by Jane Addams. What was the name of her facility and where was it located?

A

Hull House: Chicago

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8
Q

City politics were dominated during the Gilded age by what type of organization?

A

Monopoly

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9
Q

What are characteristics of political machines?

A

They exchanged things for new things

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10
Q

Boss Tweed ran his machine, Tammy Hall, out of what U.S. City?

A

New York City

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11
Q

What was the solution that most cities adopted to solve their limited space problems?

A

Made Skyscrapers

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12
Q

Frederick Law Olmstead became famous for what?

A

He planned the grounds for the capital

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13
Q

The architect most famous for building skyscrapers during this era was who?

A

Daniel Burnham

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14
Q

Which black leader formed the Tuskegee Institute to teach African Americans skills like farming and technology that they were being denied by white people?

A

Booker T. Washington

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15
Q

What las allowed white people to vote, despite being poor and illiterate?

A

Amendment 15

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16
Q

What did prohibitionists want banned?

A

They wanted to ban alcohol and selling it and making it

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17
Q

What is the 17th amendment to the U.S Constitution?

A

Direct election of senators: 2 senate from each state

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18
Q

What state was Robert M. “Fighting Bob” La Follette from?

A

Wisconsin

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19
Q

What were Robert La Follette’s views and the issues he fought for?

A

He threatened to expose the truth to pass laws: targeted railroad industries

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20
Q

John Muir and Aldo Leopold, from Wisconsin, were famous for what?

A

They helped to preserve the wilderness

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21
Q

What was the aim of the progressive movement?

A

To restore economy and correct injustices in life

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22
Q

Jim Crow laws, which segregated white and black people, were declared legal by the U.S Supreme court in the case of what?

A

Retaliation

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23
Q

The series of progressive reforms enacted by Teddy Roosevelt were known as what?

A

Square Deals

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24
Q

The NAACP was founded to fight for the rights for which group?

A

African American Women

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25
Q

What is populism?

A

A movement demanding that people have more say in the government and seeking to advance the interest in farming laborers

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26
Q

“Yellow Press” means to sensationalize what?

A

Reporting by news/magazines to attract readers

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27
Q

What famous political cartoonist was an outspoken opponent of Boss Tweed?

A

Thomas Nast

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28
Q

Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst both sensationalized what to sell more of their product?

A

The truth: they made bold headlines

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29
Q

A journalist that wrote about corruption in big business and politics was called what?

A

Muckrakers

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30
Q

The disgusting conditions in what industry were exposed in Upton Sinclair’s “The Jungle”

A

The meat packing industry

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31
Q

Imperialism means what?

A

Expanding a nations’s authority over other countries by economic, political, or military means

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32
Q

A major factor in the shift in American foreign policy toward imperialism in the late nineteenth century was?

A

Desire for military strength, new markets, belief in cultural superiority

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33
Q

“The United States stands to gain many valuable to natural resources from countries around the world”
A: anti-imperialist
B: imperialist

A

B

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34
Q

“The Western frontier in America has finally closed. It is time that the United States start looking overseas for a new frontier.”
A: anti-imperialist
B: imperialist

A

B

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35
Q

“Keeping large standing armies overseas means that our taxes may go up”
A: anti-imperialist
B: imperialist

A

A

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36
Q

“I am afraid of losing my job to an immigrant from the Caribbean who is willing to work less than I am.”
A: anti-imperialist
B: imperialist

A

A

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37
Q

“By dominating the politics and culture of other countries, the United Stares violates its own principles of freedom and self-government.”
A: anti-imperialist
B: imperialist

A

A

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38
Q

The most important reason Cuban people wanted to overthrow rule from Spain was?

A

To abolish slavery

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39
Q

The Spanish-American war began because?

A

Battleship Maine exploded and the U.S. Blamed Spain

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40
Q

Regular Americans favored the Spanish-American war because?

A

They were interested in Cuba’s exports

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41
Q

The best example of American meddling in the Western Hemisphere during the late 1800’s and early 1900’s was?

A

Yellow Journalism

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42
Q

After the Spanish American War was over the United Stares acquired what territory?

A

Guam and Puerto Rico

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43
Q

What were causes of the Spanish-American War?

A

1) Business interest
2) The De Lione letter
3) USS Maine explosion

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44
Q

The secret alliances between European countries contributed to war by?

A

The alliances would declare war making other countries declare war

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45
Q

Militarism was a cause of WWI due to?

A

Everyone becoming more powerful and protected and making an arms race

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46
Q

How was imperialism a cause of WWI?

A

Countries wanted to gain more control and land so they would fight

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47
Q

Nationalism involves what?

A

Countries wanting other people to like them

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48
Q

What were examples of European militarism leading up to the First World War?

A

Building big battleships and an army reserve system

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49
Q

Why was the First World War considered the first “total war”?

A

The government began to take control of people

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50
Q

The assassination of what leader triggered the start of WWI?

A

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

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51
Q

What did the US do to overcome the threat of German U-Boat attacks in WWI?

A

Groups of guarded ships: Convoy system

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52
Q

Before American entry in WWI, a large British liner was sunk by German U-Boats, killing many people (including Americans). The English boat sunk by German U-Boats was named what?

A

Lusitania

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53
Q

Which weapons of mechanized warfare were introduced in WWI?

A

Tanks, machines guns, airplanes

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54
Q

The Zimmerman note was Germany’s attempt to create a secret alliance with what country?

A

Spain

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55
Q

The long rows of dug putt earth soldiers lived in during the War were known as what?

A

Trenches

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56
Q

‘No man’s land” referred to what in terms of trench warfare?

A

The land out of trenches

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57
Q

Describe life in the trenches for the average WWI soldier?

A

There was little room and it would be dirty and wet. Many soldiers got trench foot from wet socks/boots.

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58
Q

Who were the allies, initially, in WWI?

A

Great Britain, France, Russia

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59
Q

Who were the Central Powers, initially, in WWI?

A

Germany, Austria, Hungary, Turkey

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60
Q

Describe the Selective Service Act?

A

Men were required to register for the military

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61
Q

Of the following reasons, what was the most compelling reason for our (American) entry into WWI?

A

Militarism

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62
Q

The Espionage and Sedition Acts prevented people from doing what?

A

Speaking critically about the war

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63
Q

The Great Migration from South to North during the war was by what group?

A

African Americans

64
Q

A person who opposed the WWI on moral grounds was known as what?

A

Anti-imperialist

65
Q

Who were the doughboys?

A

New soldiers in the war

66
Q

General John. J. Pershing was?

A

Top US Gerneral in WWI

67
Q

What were events on the home-front during WWI?

A

Must support war

68
Q

The harsh terms of the Treaty of Versailles caused the rise of whom to power in Germany?

A

Hitler

69
Q

The rise of Nativism in the 1920’s in the US meant what?

A

more people were prejudice against foreign-born people

70
Q

Isolationism, or wanting to stay out of the affairs of foreign countries, during the 1920’s was a direct result of what event?

A

World War I

71
Q

Attorney General Mitchell Palmer tried to root out what sort of people during the 1920’s?

A

Communists, socialists, anarchists

72
Q

The pair of men who were perhaps wrongly accused of murder and put to death during the 20’s was whom?

A

Nicola Sacco & Bartolomeo Vanzetti

73
Q

The scandal that was about to rock President Harding’s Administration right before he died was which of the following (involving the illegal sale of government oil fields)?

A

Teapot Dome: Tried to sell oil field

74
Q

The world famous venue for jazz in Harlem, NY, during the 2-‘s was?

A

Cotton Club

75
Q

How would you describe the economy of the USA in the 1920’s?

A

Good: They thought it would never be bad

76
Q

During prohibition, what was a person who smuggled alcohol called?

A

Bootleggers

77
Q

A hidden saloon during prohibition was known as what?

A

Speakeasy

78
Q

The most famous gangster of the 1920’s was this man from Chicago who made a fortune from smuggling illegal alcohol into the country was who?

A

Al Capone

79
Q

What happened at the “Scopes Monkey Trial”?

A

It was a fight over evolution and science and religion in public schools and society

80
Q

An urban, independent women who embraced new fashions and ideas in the 1920’s was a what?

A

A Flapper

81
Q

What were expressions of youth culture in the 1920’s?

A

Men wore baggy pants: Oxford bags, dance marathons, flagpole sitters

82
Q

The literary and artistic movement that celebrated African-American culture was known as the what?

A

Harlem Renaissance

83
Q

Duke Ellington and George Gershwin were both what type of artists?

A

They were both composers

84
Q

The famous highway that went from Chicago to Los Angeles was what?

A

Route 66

85
Q

What important woman was key to women getting information about birth control?

A

Margerate Sanger

86
Q

Which media came of age in the 1920’s?

A

Radio

87
Q

Who flew the spirit of St.Louis non-stop across the Atlantic Ocean?

A

Charles Lindbergh

88
Q

Which baseball player was simply known as “the Babe” and was a major star for the New York Yankees, hitting 60 home runs in 1 season.

A

Babe Ruth

89
Q

Bessie Smith and Louis Armstrong were famous for what branch of the arts?

A

Jazz

90
Q

The Great Gatsby was written by what US author?

A

F. Scott Fitzgerald

91
Q

Georgia O’Keeffe was famous for painting what type of portraits?

A

colored canvases of New York: Landscape?

92
Q

The first movie with sound was what?

A

Steamboat Willy

93
Q

The deep financial crisis of the 1930’s was better known as what?

A

The Great Depression

94
Q

What event in October of 1929 precipitated the economic downfall of the 30’s?

A

The Stock Market crash

95
Q

The President during the first three years of the depression was whom?

A

President Hoover

96
Q

The sweeping away of top-soil in the middle of the country that left farmers with unusable land was known as what?

A

The Dust Bowl

97
Q

When investors purchased stock without having cash to back up their buy, they were buying on what?

A

Credit

98
Q

The group of WWI veterans who were protesting outside the White House for their benefits (because they were being hit hard by the Depression) and were swept away by Herbert Hoover were known as what?

A

Bonus Army

99
Q

During the Depression race relations got worse or better?

A

Worse

100
Q

What was a Hooverville?

A

Towns with many homemade from scrap parts

101
Q

Who was FDR’s “Brain Trust”?

A

A group of advisors to help end the Depression

102
Q

Roosevelt’s first action in office was to reform what industry while putting it on a holiday?

A

Banks

103
Q

The F.D.I.C. Insures what type of financial account?

A

the banking industry

104
Q

Overall, the power of the Federal government was what during the New Deal (increased/decreased)?

A

Increased

105
Q

President Roosevelt’s radio talks were known as what?

A

Fireside talks

106
Q

The Tennessee Valley Authority was responsible for what duty?

A

Provides navigation, flood control,electricity generation

107
Q

The Grapes of Wrath was written by what author

A

John Steinbeck

108
Q

The Social Security Act provides safety for what group of people?

A

The elderly/ Senior Citizens

109
Q

The CCC did what?

A

Civilian Conservation Core: Provided jobs to people who couldn’t find any

110
Q

During the New Deal, what happened to membership in labor unions?

A

They stopped

111
Q

Who wrote the song “This Land is Your Land”?

A

Woody Guthrie

112
Q

Did the New Deal end the Depression?

A

No, World War II did

113
Q

Who directed “ Mr.Smith goes to Washington” and other “feel good” Hollywood movies?

A

Frank Capra

114
Q

Gone with the Wind, Snow White, The Wizard of Oz, and movies featuring the dance duo of Fred Astaire and Ginger Rodgers were popular in what decade?

A

1930’s

115
Q

The leader of Great Britain during WWII was who?

A

Winston Churchill

116
Q

The leader of the Soviet Union during WWII was who?

A

Joseph Stalin

117
Q

The leader of Italy during WWII was who?

A

Benito Mussonlini

118
Q

Presidents of USA during WWII?

A

Teddy Roosevelt and Harry Trumen

119
Q

The leader of the Spanish civil war who started a dictatorship in Spain was who? WWII

A

Francisco Franco

120
Q

Leaders of Japan were? WWII

A

Hideki Tojo & Emperor Hirohito

121
Q

The political party that Adolph Hitler led in Germany was known as what? WWII

A

Nazi Party

122
Q

One of Japan’s first conquests was the area known as Manchuria. Where is Manchuria? WWII

A

China

123
Q

The method of Germany’s invasion (or lightning attack) was what? WWII

A

Blitzkrieg

124
Q

After taking over France, Germany tried to take over Britain by bombing what city into submission with its air force? WWII

A

London

125
Q

During Kristallnacht, what ethnic group was targeted for attacks in Germany? WWII

A

Jews

126
Q

During the Holocaust, Jews were rounded up and forced to labor in what facilities? WWII

A

Concentration Camps

127
Q

The three countries that made up the Axis powers were who? WWII

A

Germany, Italy, Japan

128
Q

The three countries that made up the allies were who? WWII

A

USA, Britain, Soviet Union, France

129
Q

The event that brought the US into WWII was what?

A

The bombing of Pearl Harbor

130
Q

At first, the US tried to support Britain by what means? WWII

A

Lend Lease: turned cargo ships to convoy ships for protection and gave money

131
Q

Pearl Harbor occurred on what date? WWII

A

December 7, 1941

132
Q

Where is Pearl Harbor? WWII

A

Oahu, Hawaii

133
Q

The American General in charge of the D-Day attack? WWII

A

Dwight Eisenhower

134
Q

The American General in charge of the Pacific Campaign was who? WWII

A

Douglas MacAuthor

135
Q

The metaphorical woman who went to work in factories during the war was who? WWII

A

Rosie the Riveter

136
Q

The code name for the A-bomb development project was what? WWII

A

The Manhattan Project

137
Q

A system in which people are give allotments of goods and services by the government is what? WWII

A

Rationing

138
Q

When German U-boats were destroying the US ships in the Atlantic, the allies turned to what system used during WWI? WWII

A

The Convoy System

139
Q

A key mistake that Hitler made, much like Germany during WWI was what? WWII

A

He isn’t count on the harsh Russian terrain

140
Q

The legendary “Desert Fox” who had captured Northern Africa for the Nazis was who? WWII

A

General Erwin Rommel

141
Q

The famed Tuskegee Airmen were what? WWII

A

Pilots of the all black 99th Pursuit Squadron

142
Q

On D-Day the US and Britain invaded what country? WWII

A

France

143
Q

The last-ditch effort of Germany to overtake the allies resulted in what battle? WWII

A

Battle of the Bulge

144
Q

When President Roosevelt died, who took over the office? WWII

A

Harry Trumen

145
Q

The day that Americans and the world celebrated the defeat of Hitler was what? WWII

A

V.E. Day

146
Q

The day that Americans and the world celebrated the defeat of Japan was what? WWII

A

September 2

147
Q

What Native American tribe provided an i breakable code for Americans to talk in the Pacific? WWII

A

Navajo

148
Q

Doolittle’s raid was a surprise American air attack on what city in early 1942? WWII

A

Tokyo

149
Q

The turning point in the Pacific was (the equivalent of a Pearl Harbor for Japan) what? WWII

A

Battle of Midway

150
Q

The small island where American’s raised the US flag in the world famous photo was what? WWII

A

Iwo Jima

151
Q

Japan’s last stand in the war was what battle? WWII

A

Battle of Okinawa

152
Q

Kamikaze attacks are what? WWII

A

Pilots would purposefully crash planes into ships

153
Q

Why did Truman decide to drop the bomb on Japan? WWII

A

To bring an end to the war

154
Q

Who was the scientist that led the development of the bomb? WWII

A

J. Robert Oppenheimer

155
Q

To punish Nazi’s for their horrific crimes against humanity, many were tried where? WWII

A

Nuremberg Trials for crimes against humanity, peace and war crimes

156
Q

After WWII, what country emerged as the greatest power in the history of the world? WWII

A

USA

157
Q

Who won World War II? WWII

A

America

U.S. History (3 decks)

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