Final Exam Flashcards
(157 cards)
1
Q
What are trusts? What were the issues with trusts around the Turn of the Century?
A
Monopolies: They tried to take over control of people and they abused their power
2
Q
What were big accomplishments of Teddy Roosevelt?
A
The Panama Canal. Square Deal
3
Q
What was Teddy Roosevelt like personally?
A
He was supportive and hardworking
4
Q
How did Teddy Roosevelt see the Presidency and its use of power?
A
He used his power to be heard to change the view and make the economy better
5
Q
What is a tenement?
A
Overcrowded and unsanitary living environment
6
Q
What is a settlement house?
A
A group of people who provided help to others
7
Q
One of the most famous settlement houses was started by Jane Addams. What was the name of her facility and where was it located?
A
Hull House: Chicago
8
Q
City politics were dominated during the Gilded age by what type of organization?
A
Monopoly
9
Q
What are characteristics of political machines?
A
They exchanged things for new things
10
Q
Boss Tweed ran his machine, Tammy Hall, out of what U.S. City?
A
New York City
11
Q
What was the solution that most cities adopted to solve their limited space problems?
A
Made Skyscrapers
12
Q
Frederick Law Olmstead became famous for what?
A
He planned the grounds for the capital
13
Q
The architect most famous for building skyscrapers during this era was who?
A
Daniel Burnham
14
Q
Which black leader formed the Tuskegee Institute to teach African Americans skills like farming and technology that they were being denied by white people?
A
Booker T. Washington
15
Q
What las allowed white people to vote, despite being poor and illiterate?
A
Amendment 15
16
Q
What did prohibitionists want banned?
A
They wanted to ban alcohol and selling it and making it
17
Q
What is the 17th amendment to the U.S Constitution?
A
Direct election of senators: 2 senate from each state
18
Q
What state was Robert M. “Fighting Bob” La Follette from?
A
Wisconsin
19
Q
What were Robert La Follette’s views and the issues he fought for?
A
He threatened to expose the truth to pass laws: targeted railroad industries
20
Q
John Muir and Aldo Leopold, from Wisconsin, were famous for what?
A
They helped to preserve the wilderness
21
Q
What was the aim of the progressive movement?
A
To restore economy and correct injustices in life
22
Q
Jim Crow laws, which segregated white and black people, were declared legal by the U.S Supreme court in the case of what?
A
Retaliation
23
Q
The series of progressive reforms enacted by Teddy Roosevelt were known as what?
A
Square Deals
24
Q
The NAACP was founded to fight for the rights for which group?
A
African American Women
25
What is populism?
A movement demanding that people have more say in the government and seeking to advance the interest in farming laborers
26
"Yellow Press" means to sensationalize what?
Reporting by news/magazines to attract readers
27
What famous political cartoonist was an outspoken opponent of Boss Tweed?
Thomas Nast
28
Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst both sensationalized what to sell more of their product?
The truth: they made bold headlines
29
A journalist that wrote about corruption in big business and politics was called what?
Muckrakers
30
The disgusting conditions in what industry were exposed in Upton Sinclair's "The Jungle"
The meat packing industry
31
Imperialism means what?
Expanding a nations's authority over other countries by economic, political, or military means
32
A major factor in the shift in American foreign policy toward imperialism in the late nineteenth century was?
Desire for military strength, new markets, belief in cultural superiority
33
"The United States stands to gain many valuable to natural resources from countries around the world"
A: anti-imperialist
B: imperialist
B
34
"The Western frontier in America has finally closed. It is time that the United States start looking overseas for a new frontier."
A: anti-imperialist
B: imperialist
B
35
"Keeping large standing armies overseas means that our taxes may go up"
A: anti-imperialist
B: imperialist
A
36
"I am afraid of losing my job to an immigrant from the Caribbean who is willing to work less than I am."
A: anti-imperialist
B: imperialist
A
37
"By dominating the politics and culture of other countries, the United Stares violates its own principles of freedom and self-government."
A: anti-imperialist
B: imperialist
A
38
The most important reason Cuban people wanted to overthrow rule from Spain was?
To abolish slavery
39
The Spanish-American war began because?
Battleship Maine exploded and the U.S. Blamed Spain
40
Regular Americans favored the Spanish-American war because?
They were interested in Cuba's exports
41
The best example of American meddling in the Western Hemisphere during the late 1800's and early 1900's was?
Yellow Journalism
42
After the Spanish American War was over the United Stares acquired what territory?
Guam and Puerto Rico
43
What were causes of the Spanish-American War?
1) Business interest
2) The De Lione letter
3) USS Maine explosion
44
The secret alliances between European countries contributed to war by?
The alliances would declare war making other countries declare war
45
Militarism was a cause of WWI due to?
Everyone becoming more powerful and protected and making an arms race
46
How was imperialism a cause of WWI?
Countries wanted to gain more control and land so they would fight
47
Nationalism involves what?
Countries wanting other people to like them
48
What were examples of European militarism leading up to the First World War?
Building big battleships and an army reserve system
49
Why was the First World War considered the first "total war"?
The government began to take control of people
50
The assassination of what leader triggered the start of WWI?
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
51
What did the US do to overcome the threat of German U-Boat attacks in WWI?
Groups of guarded ships: Convoy system
52
Before American entry in WWI, a large British liner was sunk by German U-Boats, killing many people (including Americans). The English boat sunk by German U-Boats was named what?
Lusitania
53
Which weapons of mechanized warfare were introduced in WWI?
Tanks, machines guns, airplanes
54
The Zimmerman note was Germany's attempt to create a secret alliance with what country?
Spain
55
The long rows of dug putt earth soldiers lived in during the War were known as what?
Trenches
56
'No man's land" referred to what in terms of trench warfare?
The land out of trenches
57
Describe life in the trenches for the average WWI soldier?
There was little room and it would be dirty and wet. Many soldiers got trench foot from wet socks/boots.
58
Who were the allies, initially, in WWI?
Great Britain, France, Russia
59
Who were the Central Powers, initially, in WWI?
Germany, Austria, Hungary, Turkey
60
Describe the Selective Service Act?
Men were required to register for the military
61
Of the following reasons, what was the most compelling reason for our (American) entry into WWI?
Militarism
62
The Espionage and Sedition Acts prevented people from doing what?
Speaking critically about the war
63
The Great Migration from South to North during the war was by what group?
African Americans
64
A person who opposed the WWI on moral grounds was known as what?
Anti-imperialist
65
Who were the doughboys?
New soldiers in the war
66
General John. J. Pershing was?
Top US Gerneral in WWI
67
What were events on the home-front during WWI?
Must support war
68
The harsh terms of the Treaty of Versailles caused the rise of whom to power in Germany?
Hitler
69
The rise of Nativism in the 1920's in the US meant what?
more people were prejudice against foreign-born people
70
Isolationism, or wanting to stay out of the affairs of foreign countries, during the 1920's was a direct result of what event?
World War I
71
Attorney General Mitchell Palmer tried to root out what sort of people during the 1920's?
Communists, socialists, anarchists
72
The pair of men who were perhaps wrongly accused of murder and put to death during the 20's was whom?
Nicola Sacco & Bartolomeo Vanzetti
73
The scandal that was about to rock President Harding's Administration right before he died was which of the following (involving the illegal sale of government oil fields)?
Teapot Dome: Tried to sell oil field
74
The world famous venue for jazz in Harlem, NY, during the 2-'s was?
Cotton Club
75
How would you describe the economy of the USA in the 1920's?
Good: They thought it would never be bad
76
During prohibition, what was a person who smuggled alcohol called?
Bootleggers
77
A hidden saloon during prohibition was known as what?
Speakeasy
78
The most famous gangster of the 1920's was this man from Chicago who made a fortune from smuggling illegal alcohol into the country was who?
Al Capone
79
What happened at the "Scopes Monkey Trial"?
It was a fight over evolution and science and religion in public schools and society
80
An urban, independent women who embraced new fashions and ideas in the 1920's was a what?
A Flapper
81
What were expressions of youth culture in the 1920's?
Men wore baggy pants: Oxford bags, dance marathons, flagpole sitters
82
The literary and artistic movement that celebrated African-American culture was known as the what?
Harlem Renaissance
83
Duke Ellington and George Gershwin were both what type of artists?
They were both composers
84
The famous highway that went from Chicago to Los Angeles was what?
Route 66
85
What important woman was key to women getting information about birth control?
Margerate Sanger
86
Which media came of age in the 1920's?
Radio
87
Who flew the spirit of St.Louis non-stop across the Atlantic Ocean?
Charles Lindbergh
88
Which baseball player was simply known as "the Babe" and was a major star for the New York Yankees, hitting 60 home runs in 1 season.
Babe Ruth
89
Bessie Smith and Louis Armstrong were famous for what branch of the arts?
Jazz
90
The Great Gatsby was written by what US author?
F. Scott Fitzgerald
91
Georgia O'Keeffe was famous for painting what type of portraits?
colored canvases of New York: Landscape?
92
The first movie with sound was what?
Steamboat Willy
93
The deep financial crisis of the 1930's was better known as what?
The Great Depression
94
What event in October of 1929 precipitated the economic downfall of the 30's?
The Stock Market crash
95
The President during the first three years of the depression was whom?
President Hoover
96
The sweeping away of top-soil in the middle of the country that left farmers with unusable land was known as what?
The Dust Bowl
97
When investors purchased stock without having cash to back up their buy, they were buying on what?
Credit
98
The group of WWI veterans who were protesting outside the White House for their benefits (because they were being hit hard by the Depression) and were swept away by Herbert Hoover were known as what?
Bonus Army
99
During the Depression race relations got worse or better?
Worse
100
What was a Hooverville?
Towns with many homemade from scrap parts
101
Who was FDR's "Brain Trust"?
A group of advisors to help end the Depression
102
Roosevelt's first action in office was to reform what industry while putting it on a holiday?
Banks
103
The F.D.I.C. Insures what type of financial account?
the banking industry
104
Overall, the power of the Federal government was what during the New Deal (increased/decreased)?
Increased
105
President Roosevelt's radio talks were known as what?
Fireside talks
106
The Tennessee Valley Authority was responsible for what duty?
Provides navigation, flood control,electricity generation
107
The Grapes of Wrath was written by what author
John Steinbeck
108
The Social Security Act provides safety for what group of people?
The elderly/ Senior Citizens
109
The CCC did what?
Civilian Conservation Core: Provided jobs to people who couldn't find any
110
During the New Deal, what happened to membership in labor unions?
They stopped
111
Who wrote the song "This Land is Your Land"?
Woody Guthrie
112
Did the New Deal end the Depression?
No, World War II did
113
Who directed " Mr.Smith goes to Washington" and other "feel good" Hollywood movies?
Frank Capra
114
Gone with the Wind, Snow White, The Wizard of Oz, and movies featuring the dance duo of Fred Astaire and Ginger Rodgers were popular in what decade?
1930's
115
The leader of Great Britain during WWII was who?
Winston Churchill
116
The leader of the Soviet Union during WWII was who?
Joseph Stalin
117
The leader of Italy during WWII was who?
Benito Mussonlini
118
Presidents of USA during WWII?
Teddy Roosevelt and Harry Trumen
119
The leader of the Spanish civil war who started a dictatorship in Spain was who? WWII
Francisco Franco
120
Leaders of Japan were? WWII
Hideki Tojo & Emperor Hirohito
121
The political party that Adolph Hitler led in Germany was known as what? WWII
Nazi Party
122
One of Japan's first conquests was the area known as Manchuria. Where is Manchuria? WWII
China
123
The method of Germany's invasion (or lightning attack) was what? WWII
Blitzkrieg
124
After taking over France, Germany tried to take over Britain by bombing what city into submission with its air force? WWII
London
125
During Kristallnacht, what ethnic group was targeted for attacks in Germany? WWII
Jews
126
During the Holocaust, Jews were rounded up and forced to labor in what facilities? WWII
Concentration Camps
127
The three countries that made up the Axis powers were who? WWII
Germany, Italy, Japan
128
The three countries that made up the allies were who? WWII
USA, Britain, Soviet Union, France
129
The event that brought the US into WWII was what?
The bombing of Pearl Harbor
130
At first, the US tried to support Britain by what means? WWII
Lend Lease: turned cargo ships to convoy ships for protection and gave money
131
Pearl Harbor occurred on what date? WWII
December 7, 1941
132
Where is Pearl Harbor? WWII
Oahu, Hawaii
133
The American General in charge of the D-Day attack? WWII
Dwight Eisenhower
134
The American General in charge of the Pacific Campaign was who? WWII
Douglas MacAuthor
135
The metaphorical woman who went to work in factories during the war was who? WWII
Rosie the Riveter
136
The code name for the A-bomb development project was what? WWII
The Manhattan Project
137
A system in which people are give allotments of goods and services by the government is what? WWII
Rationing
138
When German U-boats were destroying the US ships in the Atlantic, the allies turned to what system used during WWI? WWII
The Convoy System
139
A key mistake that Hitler made, much like Germany during WWI was what? WWII
He isn't count on the harsh Russian terrain
140
The legendary "Desert Fox" who had captured Northern Africa for the Nazis was who? WWII
General Erwin Rommel
141
The famed Tuskegee Airmen were what? WWII
Pilots of the all black 99th Pursuit Squadron
142
On D-Day the US and Britain invaded what country? WWII
France
143
The last-ditch effort of Germany to overtake the allies resulted in what battle? WWII
Battle of the Bulge
144
When President Roosevelt died, who took over the office? WWII
Harry Trumen
145
The day that Americans and the world celebrated the defeat of Hitler was what? WWII
V.E. Day
146
The day that Americans and the world celebrated the defeat of Japan was what? WWII
September 2
147
What Native American tribe provided an i breakable code for Americans to talk in the Pacific? WWII
Navajo
148
Doolittle's raid was a surprise American air attack on what city in early 1942? WWII
Tokyo
149
The turning point in the Pacific was (the equivalent of a Pearl Harbor for Japan) what? WWII
Battle of Midway
150
The small island where American's raised the US flag in the world famous photo was what? WWII
Iwo Jima
151
Japan's last stand in the war was what battle? WWII
Battle of Okinawa
152
Kamikaze attacks are what? WWII
Pilots would purposefully crash planes into ships
153
Why did Truman decide to drop the bomb on Japan? WWII
To bring an end to the war
154
Who was the scientist that led the development of the bomb? WWII
J. Robert Oppenheimer
155
To punish Nazi's for their horrific crimes against humanity, many were tried where? WWII
Nuremberg Trials for crimes against humanity, peace and war crimes
156
After WWII, what country emerged as the greatest power in the history of the world? WWII
USA
157
Who won World War II? WWII
America
