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final exam Flashcards

1
Q

Moorish science temple movement

A

movement founded by Noble Timothy Drew Ali in new jersey in 1913 during the islam path

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2
Q

black liberation theology

A

reject racism and promote black liberation that was consistent with the teachings of Jesus

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3
Q

eschatology

A

“white lie” focuses on the final destiny, judgement and life in the future; rejects that God is totally uninvolved in the suffering of man because he is preparing them for another world

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4
Q

African free school

A

opened in NY in 1787 to educate black children of slaves

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5
Q

de facto segregation

A

voluntary segregation

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6
Q

de jure segregation

A

mandated segregation by law

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7
Q

jim crow

A

laws segregating water fountains public schools and restrooms

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8
Q

relative deprivation

A

belief that members of a marginalized group was deprived of economic opportunities status and justice; members don’t have what they think that they should have when compared to someone else

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9
Q

Blaxploitation movies

A

filmmakers realized that there was a lucrative black consumer maket; ie- shaft, superfly; roots from hip-hop, controversial mix of gangsterism, drugs, sex, and violence

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10
Q

womanism/womanist

A

theory developed by Alice Walker, criticizing the white feminist movement for ignoring both racial, sexual identity and gender oppression; including women of color over the world

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11
Q

black lives matter/ all lives matter

A

an activist movement that emerged after the acquittal of George Zimmerman for the death of Trayvon Martin; protest of police killings of black citizens; gaining an identity and expressing its views on issues and injustices affecting the AA community; no national group

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12
Q

Richard allen

A

former slave, a preacher to integrated audiences; joined St. Georges’ Methodist church with Absalom Jones

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13
Q

Absalom Jones

A

founded the Bethel AME church in PA in 1794

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14
Q

Noble Timothy Drew Ali

A

founded the Moorish science temple movement for renewed interest in islam

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15
Q

Wallace Muhammad

A

founded the nation of islam in Detroit in 1930

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16
Q

national committee of negro churchmen

A

a group of black pastors in 1966 who presented Black Power to the new York times, that rejected racism and demanded something be done, suggested black theology that sees God concerned about the poor and weak and in solidarity with the oppressed and focused on Africans and AA being liberated from all forms of unjusice and bondage

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17
Q

james cone

A

founder of black liberation movement; writings were the foundation fro his new theology; black theology the counterpart of black power; goals: make gospel relevant to the life and struggles of American blacks, help blacks to learn to love themselves, teach how to be both unapologetically black and Christian at the same time

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18
Q

rev. jeremiah wright

A

president of President Obama;

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19
Q

john chavis

A

black educator in NC that ran a secret night school

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20
Q

Charles Houston

A

attorney for the NAACP legal defense and education fund, won cases based on arguments or equality- 1936 univ of Maryland ordered to admit black law student and 1938 supreme court ruled that states should provide education to all citizens; ordered univ of Missouri to admit black law student

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21
Q

derrick bell

A

critical race theorist, parents wanted equality; integration. wrote “serving two masters”

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22
Q

WEB DuBois

A

“souls of black folks”, critical analysis of booker t washington’s philosophy, claimed whites only saw Washington as leader of blacks, rejected booker’s submission to racial inequality and the type of industrial education he emphasized

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23
Q

booker t Washington

A

founder of Tuskegee college, proposed industrial education for blacks, less threatening to whites, did not call for equality; advised people to obey segregation laws and cooperate with white authorities

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24
Q

james Weldon Johnson

A

1916 became field secretary of NAACP ; focus on increasing membership in south, expanded membership to over 90000

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25
marcus garvey
leader of back to Africa movement, became leader of the universal negro improvement association, advocated economic success, self-reliance, racial pride, separatism, purchased black star line for trading goods and eventually transporting Africans back to Africa, association collapsed after he went to jail
26
MLK Jr.
leader of southern Christian leadership coalition; "greater reliance on non-violence and with greater unity, coordination, sharing and chirstian understanding
27
rev freed shuttlesworth
from Birmingham; minister that joined MLK
28
mr Charles steele
current president SCLC, from tusculoosa
29
stokely Carmichael
first used "black power" in 1966 at the university of California
30
Malcolm X
black muslim, assassinated in 1965, his teachings of psychological liberation, pan African unity and institution building, taught by Elijah Muhammad that there could be neither peace nor true freedom; a tireless champion of group empowerment
31
deacons of the defense and justice
founded by black veterans in Jonesboro, LA in 1964, ernest chilly willy Thomas and Frederick douglas Kirkpatrick; goals to protect CORE and SNCC voter registration drives and marches; advocated of armed self defense; 21 chapters throughout LA, MI, AL, ended by 1968
32
network of reliable negroes
snitches for FBI,
33
huey newton and bobby seale
founded black panther party in 1966 in Oakland CA, influenced by writings of karl marx and Malcolm x, militant group that advocated armed resistance, violence
34
amiri Baraka
black art movement's leading writer and founder of the movement
35
alice walker
won Pulitzer prize for "the color purple"; developed womanist theory
36
"serving two masters"
writings of Derrick bell
37
"up from slavery"
book by booker t Washington
38
"souls of black folk"
writings of WEB dubois
39
"the crisis"
official journal of naacp published by dubois
40
Plessy vs ferguson
supreme court set the precedent that separate facilities for blacks and whites were not unconstitutional as long as they were equal
41
McLaurin vs Oklahoma
supreme court agreed with the NAACP and ordered the univ of Oklahoma to end segregation
42
sweatt vs painter
challenged separate but equal doctrine that was used to deny admission to a black law student at the unic of texas in 1950; separate law school would not be equal because of white school's alumni, reputation and relevant intangibles
43
brown vs Topeka board of education
struck down Plessy ruling; separate public education was unequal and violate the protections of the 14th amendment; called for the end of segregation
44
morgan vs Virginia
supreme court struck down a Virginia law requiring racial segregation on commercial interstate buses
45
what was the first black Baptist church and where was it located
First African Baptist church in augusta GA in 1809
46
what was the name of the church founded by allen and jones
bethel African Methodist and episcopal church in PA 1794
47
what was the role of religion and the church during slavery and the civil rights period
church leaders were activists, religion was a way for slaves to deal with the pains of slavery, churches attempted to met needs: political, social, freedom, equality of opportunity, social justice
48
why was the church and religion important to blacks during the great migration
churches helped to stabilize and support displaced migrants in a chaotic environment
49
how did the traditions of the black and white churches differ
blacks churches had a defined political orientation and objectives; worship style was different by black churches being linked to the African celebrations and rituals and more dramatic and intense
50
what were the major principles of cone's black liberation theology doctrine and why did he reject eschatological theology
make the gospel relevant to the life and struggles of American lacks, help black people learn to love themselves, teach how to be unapologetically black and Christian at the same time and eschatological theology is a white lie
51
why were some black pastors reluctant to take advantage of the federal funding under president bush's faith based initiative program
blurred the lines between separation of church and state, attempted to reduce the influence of civil rights organizations, attracted black pastors to the republican party
52
what are the traditional denominations
African Methodist episcopal, African Methodist episcopal zion, Christian Methodist episcopal, church of God in Christ, national Baptist convention usa, national Baptist convention of America, national missionary Baptist convention, progressive national Baptist convention
53
why has there been a decline in traditional religious denomination
decline in church attendance, choosing to attend non-denominational churches, growth of megachurches, religious pluralism-acceptance of the doctrines and beliefs of other groups
54
why did most slave owners oppose education fro slaves
educated slaves could forge passes, teach other slaves and lead to revolts
55
how did slaves learn to read and write in spite of having no formal system of education
from parents, spouses, family members and other slaves, some slave owners or hired tutors
56
how did the supreme court case Plessy vs ferguson affect education for black students
disadvantages such as: facilities were inadequate, schools underfunded by local and state governments, ill equipped with tools to provide quality instruction for school children; schools were operated by black teachers, provided an environment where students could develop a positive self-concept
57
how did the brown decision affect the education system? brown II?
brown declared that racially separate public education was unequal and brown II- called for the end to racial segregation
58
what was the response by whites to integration
opposed it, destruction of their culture and intermarriage, violation of state's rights; some schools closed
59
what are social movements
collective social action by people with shared ideas and common purposes
60
what are some of the goals of black social movements
protest social, political and economic injustices. resist racial discrimination, address economic exploitation, resist exclusion of AA from social and political processes
61
what does it mean to say that black social movements are based on a deprivation doctrine and are reformative movements
there is a belief that members of a marginalized group were deprived of economic opportunities status and justice and they don't have what they think they should have compared to someone else; reformative because movements attempt to change some specific aspects of society
62
what was the Niagara movement? later became what prominent organization
developed during a period of self help to reaffirm personal dignity and hope for a better future; "pull yourself up by your bootstraps", "be of service to the race"; became part of NAACP
63
what was the disagreement between Washington and DuBois
providing proper education for the talented tenth man of colored colleges. classical liberal arts education vs industrial education
64
NAACP
founded in 1909 by a group of black and white intellectuals in NY, founders: dubois, ida b wells, mary church Terrell, mary ovington, Oswald garrison, a total of 60 and only 7 AA; founded in response of the springfield race riot in 1908
65
what was the harlem renaissance and how was it related to the great migration
a cultural, artistic and intellectual movement that inspired a new black cultural identity; AA from the south were going north and the movement took place in NYC
66
what were the four major areas of the harlem renaissance
performing arts: music and performing arts; writers and poets; artists; intellectuals
67
what was CORE and its major objective
congress on racial equality- interracial group of students at the univ of Chicago that organized to challenge segregation in northern cities
68
what was the black power movement
collective, action oriented expression of racial pride strength and self identity that permeated all of afro-America during the late 1960s and early 70s
69
what did black power psychologists mean by "psychological liberation" as a prerequisite for the black power movement
take pride in skin color and history, reject negative implications of what it means to be black, stopped being ashamed of being black but honor racial distinctions and heritage, redefine beauty and attractiveness
70
what were some of the anticipated results of the black power movement
blacks would be liberated exercise true freedom of choice for the first time, racial solidarity would lead to a share in local and national decision making power, a corporate consciousness and sense of collective responsibility and cultural pride would replace despair; the black community would be able to employ its own, to govern itself and to protect its residents against external enemies
71
what are factors that contributed to the decline of the black panther party
involvement in criminal activities, incarcerations and deaths of its leaders, FBI, raids by local police departments, internal disputes over political orientation, leadership problems
72
what was the black arts movement
the ideology of black culture and black life; second black renaissance
73
what was black feminism? why did it emerge?
organization that acknowledged racism in women's movement and sexual discrimination in black power movements; emerged: marginalization of black women because of race and gender; the uncomfortable fit of black women into the national feminist/women's lib movement; the sexism of black liberation movements

african american studies (4 decks)

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