Final Exam

Question 1

Needed in large amounts

Answer 1

Macronutrients

Question 2

The macronutrients (4)

Answer 2

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Water

Question 3

Macronutrient: Provide energy for the body

Answer 3

Carbohydrate

Question 4

Macronutrient: Growth and repair

Answer 4

Proteins

Question 5

Macronutrient: Store energy and shock absorber

Answer 5

Lipids (Fats)

Question 6

Micronutrient: Required for normal growth and metabolism

Answer 6

Vitamins

Question 7

Micronutrient: Inorganic substances

Answer 7

Minerals

Question 8

Compounds that contain Carbon

Answer 8

Organic substances

Question 9

Compounds that do not contain Carbon

Answer 9

Inorganic substances

Question 10

Provides a greater contribution to you nutrient need than calorie need

Answer 10

Nutrient dense

Question 11

Contain large amount of calories per serving

Answer 11

Energy dense

Question 12

Claims that describe nutrients in food

Answer 12

Nutrient content claims

Question 13

Describes a relationship between a disease and a nutrient, food, or food constituent

Answer 13

Health claims

Question 14

Describe how a nutrient affects body structure or function

Answer 14

Structure/function claims

Question 15

Claims are regulated by:

Answer 15

FDA

Question 16

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, rectum, anus, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder

Answer 16

Parts of the GI Tract

Question 17

Process in which food is broken down in GI tract, releasing many nutrients in forms body can use

Answer 17

Digestion

Question 18

Process in which nutrients are taken into cells lining and GI tract

Answer 18

Absorption

Question 19

Diffusion: assisted diffusion of a substance across a cell membrane

Answer 19

Facilitated diffusion

Question 20

Diffusion: unassisted diffusion of a substance across a cell membrane

Answer 20

Simple diffusion

Question 21

Diffusion: transport of substances across a cell membrane with aid of a carrier molecule and the expenditure of energy

Answer 21

Active transport

Question 22

Hormone that controls release of HCL and pepsinogen

Answer 22

Gastrin

Question 23

Hormone that stimulates release of pancreatic enzymes and release of bile from gallbladder

Answer 23

Cholecystokinin

Question 24

When energy intake=energy expenditure (calories in=calories out)

Answer 24

Energy equilibrium

Question 25

When energy in>calories out

Answer 25

Positive energy balance

Question 26

When energy in

Answer 26

Negative energy balance

Question 27

Physiological drive for food

Answer 27

Hunger

Question 28

Psychological drive for food

Answer 28

Appetite

Question 29

Outer shell of whole grain that protects seed

Answer 29

Bran

Question 30

Part of whole grain that is nutrient storehouse

Answer 30

Germ

Question 31

Part of whole grain that provides energy

Answer 31

Endosperm

Question 32

Water soluble vitamins

Answer 32

Vitamin B and C

Question 33

Fat-soluble vitamins

Answer 33

Witamine A, D, E and K

Question 34

Fat soluble vitamin needed for vision, healthy skin and membranes, bone and tooth growth, and immune system health

Answer 34

Vitamin A

Question 35

Fat soluble vitamin needed for proper absorption of calcium, stored in bones

Answer 35

Vitamin D

Question 36

Fat soluble vitamin which is an antioxidant and protects cell walls

Answer 36

Vitamin E

Question 37

Fat soluble vitamin needed for proper blood clotting

Answer 37

Vitamin K

Question 38

Dry mouth and skin, fatigue and muscle weakness, decreased urine output, deep yellow urine, headache, dizziness

Answer 38

Signs of mild to moderate dehydration

Question 39

Processed meats, some canned foods, cheeses, breads, cereals, sauces, and pickled foods

Answer 39

Sources of Sodium

Question 40

Table salt, many vegetables, seaweed, rye, tomatoes

Answer 40

Sources of chloride

Question 41

Cells that build up bone

Answer 41

Osteoblasts

Question 42

Cells that break down bone

Answer 42

Osteoclasts

Question 43

Vitamin made in the intestines, Babies receive a shot when born

Answer 43

Vitamin K

Question 44

Vitamin found in orange vegetables, can receive from sunlight

Answer 44

Vitamin D

Question 45

This vitamins function is an antioxidant

Answer 45

Vitamin E

Question 46

Which two fat soluble vitamins are most toxic

Answer 46

Vitamin A and D

Question 47

This vitamin helps for collagen which holds cells together, also only water soluble antioxidant

Answer 47

Vitamin C

Question 48

This B vitamin is HIGH in pork products and is needed for carbohydrate and branches Chain AA metabolism

Answer 48

Thiamin

Question 49

This B vitamin is needed to synthesize Heme

Answer 49

Vitamin B-6

Question 50

This B vitamin is needed for DNA synthesis, it affects cells that have a short life span and rapid turnover rate such as RBC

Answer 50

Folate

Question 51

Most abundant mineral in the body

Answer 51

Calcium

Question 52

Percent water makes up a person's weight

Answer 52

75%