Final Exam

Question 1

Learning through the observation and imitation of others.

Answer 1

Modeling

Question 2

Assume that abnormal behavior stems from repressed conflicts and urges that are fighting to become conscious.

Answer 2

Psychoanalytic Theorists

Question 3

Fear of objects or specific situations or events.

Answer 3

Specific Phobia

Question 4

Any event or stimulus, that when following a response, increases the probability that the response will occur again.

Answer 4

Reinforcement

Question 5

The use of objects called tokens to reinforce behavior in which the tokens can be accumulated and exchanged for desired items or privileges.

Answer 5

Token Economy

Question 6

The tendency to interpret situations as far more dangerous,harmful,or important than they actually are.

Answer 6

Magnification

Question 7

In which behavior is bizarre and childish and thinking,speech, and motor actions are very disordered.

Answer 7

Disorganized Schizophrenia

Question 8

An order of thought that continually preoccupies or intrudes on a person’s mind.

Answer 8

Obsession

Question 9

• dream interpretation
• free association
• resistance
• transference

Answer 9

Freud’s Theory

Question 10

Firm of directive insight therapy in which the therapist helps clients to accept all parts of their feelings and subjective experiences,using leading questions and planned experiences such as role-playing.

Answer 10

Gestalt Therapy

Question 11

The ability of the therapist to understand the feelings of the client.

Answer 11

Empathy

Question 12

Manifest content: the actual content of one’s dreams.

Latent content: the symbolic or hidden meaning of dreams.

Freud’s theory

Answer 12

Dream Interpretation

Question 13

Technique for treating phobias and other stress disorders in which the person is rapidly and intensely exposed to the fear-provoking situation or object and prevented from making the usual avoidance or escape response.

Answer 13

Flooding

Question 14

Traveling away from familiar surroundings with amnesia for personal information.

Answer 14

Dissociative Fugue

Question 15

The need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which behavior takes place.

Answer 15

Cultural Relativity

Question 16

Anxiety that is unrelated to any realistic, known source.

Answer 16

Free-floating Anxiety

Question 17

Who developed the psychoanalytic model of abnormal behavior.

Answer 17

Sigmund Freud

Question 18

Distortion of thinking in which a person focuses on one aspect of a situation while ignoring all other relevant aspects.

Answer 18

Selective Thinking

Question 19

An irrational,persistent fear of an object, situation, or social activity.

Answer 19

Phobia

Question 20

Behavior technique used to treat phobias, in which a client is asked to make a list of ordered fears and taught to relax while concentrating those fears.

Answer 20

Systematic Desensitization

Question 21

Occurring when a patient becomes reluctant totally about a certain topic, either changing the subject or becoming silent.

Freud’s Theory

Answer 21

Resistance

Question 22

The open and honest response of the therapist to the client.

Answer 22

Authenticity

Question 23

Psychotherapy in which the main goal is to change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly.

Answer 23

Action Therapy

Question 24

Action therapy in which the goal to help clients overcome problems by learning to think more rationally and logically which in turn will impact their behavior.

Answer 24

Cognitive-Behavior Therapy

Question 25

Therapy technique in which the therapist restates what the client says rather than interpreting those statements. Roger's four elements

Answer 25

Reflection

Question 26

Refers to the warmth, respect, and accepting atmosphere created by the therapist for the client in person-centered therapy. Roger's four elements

Answer 26

Unconditional Positive Regard

Question 27

Any pattern of behavior that causes people significant distress, causes them to harm others, or harms their ability to function in daily life.

Answer 27

Psychological Disorders

Question 28

See abnormal behavior as coming from irrational beliefs and illogical patterns of thought.

Answer 28

Cognitive Theorists

Question 29

From of behavior therapy in which an undesirable behavior is parred with an aversive stimulus to reduce the frequency of the behavior.

Answer 29

Aversion Therapy

Question 30

Become famous for demanding that the mentally ill be treated with kindness, personally unlocking the chains of inmates in France.

Answer 30

Philippe Pinel

Question 31

Psychotherapies in which the main goal is helping people to gain insight with respect to their behavior, thoughts, and feelings.

Answer 31

Insight Therapies

Question 32

Repetitive rule-bound behaviors that the individual feels must be performed in order to ward off distressing situations.

Answer 32

Compulsion

Question 33

A mood disorder that causes emotional highs and lows.

Answer 33

Cyclothymia

Question 34

In ancient times holes were cut in an ill person's head to let out evil spirits in a process called?

Answer 34

Trepanning

Question 35

In which a person has no morals or conscience and often behaves in an impulsive manner without regard for the consequences of that behavior.

Answer 35

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Question 36

In psychoanalysis, the tendency for a patient or client to project positive or negative feelings for important people from the past onto the therapist. Freud's Theory

Answer 36

Transference

Question 37

Believed that mental illness came from an imbalance in the body's four humors or fluids (phlegm, black bike, blood, and yellow bile).

Answer 37

Hippocrates

Question 38

Technique in which a patient was encouraged to talk about anything that came to mind without fear of negative evaluations. Freud's Theory

Answer 38

Free Association

Question 39

See abnormal behavior as learned.

Answer 39

Behaviorists

Question 40

Disorder in which intruding, recurring thoughts or obsessions create anxiety that is relived by performing a repetitive, ritualistic behavior.

Answer 40

Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

Question 41

Sudden onset of intense panic in which multiple physical symptoms of stress occur, often with feelings that one is dying.

Answer 41

Panic Attack

Question 42

Anything that does not allow a person to function within or adapt to the stresses and everyday demands of life.

Answer 42

Maladaptive

Question 43

DSM-5

Answer 43

Diagnostic and statistical manual, fifth edition is a manual of psychological disorders and their symptoms.

Question 44

- reflection - unconditional positive regard - empathy - authenticity

Answer 44

Roger's four elements

Question 45

The study of abnormal behavior

Answer 45

Psychopathology

Question 46

Include the use of drugs,surgical methods, and noninvasive stimulation techniques.

Answer 46

Biomedical Therapy

Question 47

A formal, written agreement between the therapist and client in which goals for behavior change, reinforcements, and penalties are clearly stated.

Answer 47

Contingency Contract

Question 48

Possible definition of abnormal behavior?

Answer 48

- statistically rare - deviant form social norms - causes subjective discomfort - dose not allow day-to-day functioning - causes a person to be dangerous to self or others

Question 49

Disorder in which a person has feelings of dread and impending doom, along with physical symptoms of stress, which lasts six months or more.

Answer 49

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Question 50

The tendency to believe that one's performance must be perfect or the result will be a total failure.

Answer 50

All-or-nothing Thinking

Question 51

Sever disorder in the the person suffers from disordered thinking, bizarre behavior, hallucinations, and is unable to distinguish between fantasy and reality. Flat affect: in which the person shows little or no emotion.

Answer 51

Schizophrenia