Final Exam

Question 1

1st wave of feminism time period

Answer 1

1848 to 1920

Question 2

3 Major Issues in 1st Wave

Answer 2

Right to vote, better working conditions, control over their bodies and reproductive capabilities

Question 3

2 Themes of Women’s Movement

Answer 3

Grounded in women’s material realities and experiences AND overlapping and divergent life experiences

Question 4

2nd Wave of Feminism Time Period

Answer 4

1963-1982, post WWII

Question 5

Liberal Feminists

Answer 5

people who wanted to reform social institutions from within, wanted to reform issues

Question 6

Radical Feminists

Answer 6

advocated for complete overthrowing of specific social institutions or drastically reforming

Question 7

Simplistic Definition of Feminism

Answer 7

a movement to make women equal to men

Question 8

Bell Hook’s Critique of the Simplistic Definition of Feminism

Answer 8

which men do women want to be equal to? and questions the extent to which women had a common vision of equality

Question 9

Bell Hook’s Definition of Feminism

Answer 9

Feminism is a movement to end sexism, sexist exploitation, and oppression

Question 10

Intersectionality

Answer 10

How do race, class, and gender function as parallel and interlocking systems that shape dominance and subordination

Question 11

4 Points about Intersectionality

Answer 11

1. Intersectionality is a metaphor for looking at ways in which systems of oppression overlap 2. Acknowledging both/and identities (move away from either/or) 3. Must analyze context when describing oppression 4. Intersectionality is NOT denying that specific groups experience oppression more harshly than others

Question 12

3 Dimensions of Oppression

Answer 12

Institutional, symbolic, and individual

Question 13

Institutional Oppression

Answer 13

relationships of domination and subordination are structured through social institutions

Question 14

Symbolic Oppression

Answer 14

widespread, societally sanctioned ideologies used to justify relations of domination and subordination

Question 15

Individual Oppression

Answer 15

each of us must come to terms with the multiple ways in which race, class, and gender as categories of analysis frame our individual biographies

Question 16

Controlling Images

Answer 16

Similar to stereotypes, but more insidious, stem from social institutions, more persistent than stereotypes

Question 17

Intersectional Definition of Feminism

Answer 17

a set of philosophical, scholarly, and political approaches that identify, critique, and resist intersecting oppressions

Question 18

Cultural Appropriation

Answer 18

taking intellectual property, traditional knowledge, cultural expressions, or artifacts from someone else’s culture without permission

Question 19

3 Problems with Cultural Appropriation

Answer 19

Trivializes violent historical oppression, perpetuates racist stereotypes, and white people get rewarded for things the creators never got credit for

Question 20

Ally

Answer 20

an ally is not an identity. It’s a lifelong process of building relationships based on trust, consistency, and accountability with marginalized individuals and/or groups of people

Question 21

2 Broad Suggestions for Allies

Answer 21

Listen to people of color and give critical credence to their experiences AND look for patterns involved rather than treating most events as isolated occurrences

Question 22

2 Basic Tactics for Allies

Answer 22

support the leadership o people of color AND talk with your children and young people about racism

Question 23

Using the Sociological Imagination

Answer 23

at its roots, the sociological imagination is a from of critical thinking that contextualizes personal experiences, challenges, commonly held assumptions, and broadens the conversation

Question 24

3 Suggestions for Transcending Barriers

Answer 24

Differences in power and privilege, coalitions around common causes, and building empathy

Question 25

Acc. to Bettie, what group is invisible as class subjects?

Answer 25

the working class

Question 26

Social Location

Answer 26

membership in a particular group within society

Question 27

3 Broad Theoretical Approaches with Sociology

Answer 27

Structural functionalism, Critical (conflict) theory, and symbolic interaction

Question 28

Structural Functionalism

Answer 28

focuses on the ways in which social institutions work together to sustain harmony, unity, balance and establishing equilibrium

Question 29

Critical (Conflict) Theory

Answer 29

looks at how groups are in constant competition for power and resources

Question 30

Symbolic Interaction

Answer 30

individuals develop a sense of self through social interaction, looking at how individuals make sense of their own identities, smaller scale theoretical approach

Question 31

Oppression (Lynn Weber)

Answer 31

oppression exists when one group has historically gained power and control over valued assets of a society by exploiting the labor and lives of other groups and then by using those assets to secure its position of power in the future

Question 32

Privilege

Answer 32

unearned benefits conferred on the basis of membership to a group that is advantaged by existing social arrangements

Question 33

Social Systems

Answer 33

Class, race/ethnicity, gender and sexuality are social systems

Question 34

Social Systems are by definition

Answer 34

complex, pervasive, persistent, variable, severe, and power-based

Question 35

Race as Socially Constructed

Answer 35

The meaning of racial categories is a product of the cultural and historical period in which we live. Though sociologists contest the biological foundations of race, they also argue that racial categories and histories are real in their consequences

Question 36

Racism vs Racial Prejudice

Answer 36

Racism is based on historically conditioned relations between racial groups, which shape how a society is organized to benefit the dominant group. Racism is less about individual intention than societal EFFECT

Question 37

Model Minority Myth

Answer 37

stereotypes of Asian people as successful, affluent, and highly educated who do not suffer from problems usually associated with marginalized group status

Question 38

Racial Profiling

Answer 38

heightened racial scrutiny of minorities, justified or not

Question 39

Individualistic Fallacy

Answer 39

idea or notion that racism is simply thoughts that people have, the world can be clearly divided between people who are and people who are not racist

Question 40

Tokenistic Fallacy

Answer 40

false belief that the presence of people of color in influential positions means that racism is over

Question 41

Sex

Answer 41

biological categorization/classification

Question 42

Gender

Answer 42

cultural categorization, societal expectations based on biological differences

Question 43

Gender as a Social Construction

Answer 43

does not discount the role of biology, we assign specific meanings in a social context, meanings are not static, gender is a by-product of countless human choices

Question 44

Hegemonic Masculinity

Answer 44

dominant ideology of masculinity that implicitly sets the standard for all other forms of masculinity

Question 45

Normative Femininity

Answer 45

the ideal standards for femininity, expectations formed along racial and class lines

Question 46

2 Components of Gender

Answer 46

Gender Identity and Gender Expression

Question 47

Gender Identity

Answer 47

how you choose to identify/make sense of your own gender in your own head

Question 48

Gender Expression

Answer 48

how you present your gender to the world, appearances, mannerisms

Question 49

Heteronormativity

Answer 49

idea that heterosexuality is the norm