Final Exam Flashcards
(136 cards)
1
Q
What is taxonomy
A
Scientists using a classification to name and group organisms
2
Q
What is binomial nomenclature
A
Two word naming system
3
Q
What are the seven levels of linnaeus’s sytem of classification
A
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
4
Q
What is phylogeny
A
Evolutionary relationships among organisms
5
Q
What are derived characters
A
Characteristics found in recent parts of the lineage
6
Q
What are the 6 kingdoms in the kingdom system
A
Archaebacteria, eubacteria, Protista, fungi, plantae, animalia
7
Q
What is the name of Darwin’s book
A
The Origin Of Species
8
Q
Seive-like opening to the outside
A
Madreporite
9
Q
Bulb-like structures that cause changes in water pressure creating suction
A
Ampullae
10
Q
Symmetry found in the larvae of echinoderms
A
Bilateral
11
Q
Often called a star-fish in error
A
Sea star
12
Q
Anus first and mouth last in development
A
Deuterostome
13
Q
Skin in Latin
A
Pellis
14
Q
The reproductive organs
A
Gonads
15
Q
What animal is in the phylum Echinoderm
A
Starfish (sea stars)
16
Q
Glands which secrete digestive enzymes
A
Pyloric caeca
17
Q
A suction-cup like structure
A
Tube feet
18
Q
Kind of symmetry found in most sea stars
A
Penta-radial
19
Q
Side on which the mouth is found in sea stars
A
Oral surface
20
Q
Ability to regenerate a new individual from broken off pieces of another
A
Fragmentation
21
Q
Spiky echinoderms
A
Sea urchins
22
Q
Fast walking echinoderms
A
Brittle stars
23
Q
Its counterpart is the dorsal surface
A
Aboral surface
24
Q
Carries water from the ring canal
A
Radial canal
25
Sensory organ at the tip of each appendage on a sea star
Eye spot
26
Internal skeleton
Endo skeleton
27
Controls the population of spiky echinoderms (sea urchins) through predation
Sea otter
28
System of internal tubes filled with liquid found in echinoderms
Water vascular system
29
Spiny in Latin
Echino
30
The middle region of a sea star
Central disc
31
Able to expel stomach as a defensive tactic when threatened
Sea cucumber
32
A water pump that distributes water to other parts of the water vascular system
Ring canal
33
Filter feeding echinoderms
Sea lily
34
Structure still present but serves no purpose
Vestigial organ
35
The study of early development of organisms.
Embryology
36
Same structure... different use
Homologous structure
37
Inheritance of acquired traits through selective use
Embryology
38
A well-supported testable explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world
Theory
39
The process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms
Evolution
40
Any inherited characteristics that increase an organisms chance of survival
Adaption
41
Numerous bird species that helped Darwin shape his theory of evolution
Finches
42
Species today look different from their ancestors
Descent with modification
43
Group of islands off the coast of Ecuador
Galápagos Islands
44
Members of each species compete regularly for resources
Struggle for existence
45
All living organisms are related to one another from a common ancestor
Common descent
46
Individuals that are best suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully
Survival of the fittest
47
Humans select from the naturally occurring genetic variations in a species
Artificial selection
48
Natures way of choosing only certain individuals of a population to produce new individuals
Natural selection
49
The ability to survive and reproduce
Fitness
50
Name of Darwin’s ship
Beagle
51
Preserved remains of ancient organisms
Fossil
52
Class turbelleria
Planaria
53
Having two well formed sides
Bilateral
54
To feed off dead animals
Scavengers
55
Dormant larval stage of tapeworm
Cyst
56
Having both male and female reproductive organs
Hermaphrodites
57
Flatworms
Platyhelminthes
58
What animal is in phylum platythelminthes
Worms
59
Reproduction by splitting in half
Fission
60
Collection of nerve cells
Ganglia
61
Having a head
Cephalization
62
Muscular tube for drawing in food
Pharynx
63
Segment of a tapeworm’s body
Proglitid
64
Lacking a body cavity
Acoelomate
65
Head of a tapeworm
Scypex
66
Class cestoda
Tapeworms
67
Obtaining nutrients from a host
Parasite
68
Mechanism for respiration, excretion, circulation
Diffusion
69
What animal is in the phylum chordata
Fish
70
What phylum is in the phylum amphibia
Frogs (amphibians)
71
A body part that is an ear canal to humans is what to a frog
Eustachian tubes
72
Containing oxygenated blood from lungs
Pulmonary vein
73
Adult salamander with gills
Mudpuppy
74
Age of amphibians
Carboniferous period
75
Frogs and toads
Orderanura
76
Greek translation of amphibian
Double life
77
Caecilians
Orderapoda
78
Ancestral lobe-fin
Tiktaalik
79
Transparent third eyelid
Nictitating membrane
80
Heart chamber for receiving blood
Atrium
81
Anterior vessel from the heart
Conusarteriosus
82
Including newts and salamanders
Order urodela
83
Triple functioned organ
Cloaca
84
Chamber for pumping blood
Ventricle
85
Amphibian external eardrum
Tympanic membrane
86
Humans have nostrils, what are they to frogs
Internal nares
87
Larval form (frogs)
Tadpole
88
Versatile body part with various forms and functions
Foot
89
Oral feeding structure of cephalopods
Beak
90
Feathery gills of squids
Ctenidium
91
Shelled cephalopod
Nautilus
92
Soft bodied
Molluscus
93
Having two identical halves
Bilateral
94
Mode of locomotion for octopi and squid
Jet propulsion
95
Using organisms to clean up the environment
Bioremediation
96
Blood never leaving the blood vessels
Closed circulatory system
97
Having tentacled foot for predation
Cephalopod
98
System in which blood leaves the blood vessels
Open circulatory system
99
Consists of the internal organs (mollusk)
Visceral mass
100
Stabilizing appendage for squid
Lateral fin
101
Mode of nutrient gathering for oysters and other bivalves
Filter feder
102
Shell-less mollusk
Octopus
103
Tube shaped structure for removing nitrogenous waste
Nephridia
104
Stomach foot includes snails, slugs and nudibranchs
Gastropods
105
Structure used for feeding (mollusk)
Radula
106
Thin layer of tissue covering most of the mollusk body
Mantle
107
Tube-like structure through which water enters and leaves the body
Siphon
108
Having two shells
Bivalves
109
Protective structure of calcium carbonate (mollusk)
Shell
110
Free-swimming larvae
Trochopore
111
What is in the phylum porifera
Sponges and corral
112
A symbiotic relationship in which both individuals benefit
Mutualism
113
Within the cell
Intracellular
114
Groups of Archaeocytes that are produced in times of u favourable environmental conditions
Gemmules
115
Reproduction requiring only one parent
Asexual
116
The process of removing waste products from the body
Excretory
117
Sponges and corral
Porifera
118
Body design lacking symmetry
Asymmetrical
119
A method of asexual reproduction (porifera)
Budding
120
The process of exchanging gasses in the body (porifera)
Respiratory
121
A network of flexible fibres in softer sponges
Spongin
122
A symbiotic relationship in which one individual benefits and the other is not affected
Commensalism
123
Fertilization of the egg inside of the body
Internal fertilization
124
Organisms that sift food food particles from the water
Filter feeder
125
A fertilized egg
Zygote
126
Specialized cells that make the sponge’s skeleton
Archaeocyte
127
The process of moving fluids through the body
Circulatory
128
Mouth first, anus second
Deuterostome
129
Spike-shaped structure of calcium carbonate or silica
Spicule
130
Cells with flagella for creating a current of water
Choahacytes
131
Movement of molecules through a medium from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
Diffusion
132
The opening atop a sponge in which water leaves the sponges
Osculum
133
An immature development stage of an organism
Larva
134
Muscular tube connecting to aorta
Bulbous arteriosus
135
Embryonic life stage supporting structure
Notocord
136
Subphylum cephalochordate
Lamprey
