Final Exam Flashcards

(65 cards)

1
Q

Rome declaration Food Security definition (1996)

A

Food security ensures that all people at all times have physical and economic access to food that is safe and nutrition to eat that meets their dietary and cultural needs to provide individuals with an active and healthy life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Food Insecurity

A

— Limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods or limited or uncertain ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways.
o Socially unacceptable ways include stealing, scavenging, food distribution inequality due to social castes or gender discrimination, prostitution, working children in the streets.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Food insecurity is not necessarily the lack of food security. why?

A

There is a shift from access to food (security) to lack of availability (insecurity)

  • food insecurity is lack of availability
  • food security is a lack of access
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Right to Adequate Food (ICESCR)

A

o “The right of everyone to adequate food and the fundamental right to be free from hunger.”
 Regular, permanent, and unrestricted access
 Quantitatively and qualitatively adequate food
 Corresponding to cultural traditions
o Ratified by over 150 countries
o Legally binding: obligatory for states

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The states that sign this agreement must:

A

o Respect: cannot take measures that prevent people to access food.
o Protect: prevent others from interfering.
o Fulfill: create conditions for effective realization. (facilitate (effective realisation of food), provide (free from hunger))

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why is the Right to Adequate Food a Concern for us/all members of society?

A
human dignity
legal obligations
international commitment
economical 
political
ethical
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Transitory Food Insecurity

A
  • need to develop resistance and plan ahead for disaster

- early warning capacity and safety net programs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chronic Food Insecurity

A

Poverty fixers: education or access to productive resources, such as credit. More direct access to food to enable them to raise their productive capacity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  1. Availability
A

“supply side”; determined by the level of food production, stock levels, and net trade in the country as a whole
- are there sufficient quantities of food available to the people?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  1. Access
A

Economic and physical

- are the people able to access the food that is available?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  1. Utilization
A

is the body making most of various nutrients? Good care, food prep, diversity of diet, biologival utilization of food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  1. Stability (SEEP)
A

Weather, politics, economic factors (unemployment, food prices). Includes social, economic, environmental, political stability (SEEP)\

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Food security indicator for AVAILABILITY

A

Average caloric intake
Average value of food production
Share of dietary energy from cereals, roots, tubers (energy dense, nutrient poor)
Average supply of protein of animal origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Food security indicator for physical access

A

Percentage of paved roads over total roads
Road density
Rail lines density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Food security indicator for economical access

A

Domestic food price index – monthly change in prices of a basket of food commodities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Food security indicator for Utilization

A

Access to improved water sources

Access to improved sanitation facilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what can be a main cause of stunting

A

poor sanitation

- open air defecation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Food Security Measurement Methods

A
  1. food balance sheet
  2. household income and expenses
  3. adequacy of diet- 24 h recall
  4. child nutrition status
  5. experience
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The State of Food Security in the World – SOFI (2015)

A

In 1996, at the World Food Summit, the goal was to decrease undernourishment by half the NUMBER by 2015.
— (millennial goal was to half the proportion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

• The region with the HIGHEST NUMBER of undernourished people in the world is _____ but the HIGHEST PERCENTAGE is _______

A

asia, africa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Mild food insecurity:

A

worrying about ability to acquire food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

moderate

A

compromising quality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

severe

A

compromising quantity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The number of undernourished people increased by almost 40 million people between 2015 and 2016.
What caused this increase?

A

conflict

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Global Food Security Index – The Economist
affordability availibility food quality and safety
26
What does the Voices of the Hungry allows us to differentiate between
mild, moderate and severe
27
in Canada % food insecure?
12.5 in 2013
28
____ % of Inuit preschoolers FI?
70%
29
immediate causes of FI
diet and disease
30
underlying causes
household food insecurity inadequate care (hygiene, feeding, psychological care) unhealthy environment and inadequate services (clean water, bathrooms)
31
Basic causes
lack of capital: financial , human physical, social and natural ,social
32
4 types of capital other than financial
social, physical, human, natural
33
food availability
quality available, food production in country
34
access
financial resources, transport, distance, mobility
35
utilization
cooking skills, storage, safety
36
determinants of health
``` constitutional factors lifestyle factors social + community living and working conditions socioeconomical ```
37
how many hectors lost to drought and desertification annually
12 million
38
what is increasing the risk of food borne disease
1. urbanization ( need more food, risky food, more complex food chains ) 2. low levels biodiversity - relying on frugs to mask more husbandry 3. high risk pathogen - gray waters, poor waste management for livestock 4. lagging governance system
39
urbanization
risk of food borne disease
40
high risk pathogens
risk of food borne disease
41
low levels biodiversity
risk of food borne disease
42
lagging governance system
risk of food borne disease
43
consequences of food insecurity
- double burden, triple, quadruple - hidden hunger - more susceptible to infection - depressed - education impacted in adolescents
44
% overweight or obese in the world
37%
45
as time progresses
diet change--> grain loans--> small animal sales--> assets sales--> land sales --> out migration
46
food categories
core, secondary, peripheral
47
the world food summit (in ROME) made a plan of action to half the number of undernourished people in the world by 2015. it took place in 1996 in Rome. what actions fit it implement? (state 4/7)
- enable a political, social and economic environment to achieving sustainable food security for all - be prepared for disasters - create policy aimed at eradicating poverty - implement, monitor and follow up plan
48
create a political, social and economic environment that is most conductive to achieving sustainable food security for all
the world food summit plan of action | commitments
49
- implement, monitor and follow up plan
the world food summit plan of action | commitments
50
be prepared for disasters
the world food summit plan of action | commitments
51
-policy aimed at eradicating poverty
the world food summit plan of action | commitments
52
3 main strategies against undernutrition
food based supplementation disease control
53
pathway to reshape global food system
``` empower women more infrustrature invest in research and development fix fundamentals improve food safety ```
54
high priority policy actions
- invest Human Resources -improve employment - improve markets and infrustracture - expand research natural resource management good governance
55
% food waste
30-40%
56
food loss
loss on supply chain
57
food waste
edible but thrown away
58
3 environments that affect food security
physical social policy
59
what is food insecurity
limited or uncertain availability of safe and adequate foods OR limited or uncertain ability to acquire food in socially acceptable ways
60
what is food security as stated in Rome
food security exists when all ppl at all times have economical, and physical access to safe, nutritious and adequate foods to meet their dietary needs and live a healthy, active life
61
what is hunger
feeling of discomfort or weakness caused by lack of food, paired with desire to eat
62
What did the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 state in terms of the right to food?
everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and family, including food
63
what's wrong with 1948 declaration of human rights
...including food | "himself"
64
ICESCR
UN, 1970 wish, ratifying 150 countries - stating that everyone having adequate food is a basic right. everyone should be free from hunger"
65
methods to measure food security
- food balance sheets - household income, expenditure - experience - child nutrition status - 24 h recall ( dietary adequacy)