Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Virology > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

(41 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q
  1. Following a viral infection, what biological response(s) can occur?
A

A. Inflammation
B. Recruitment of immune cells to site of infection
C. Fever
D. All of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
  1. Preventine vaccines are intended to protect _______________.
A

B. Organisms free of the targeted viral infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a type of passive immune evasion viruses can do?
A

A. Viruses produce proteins that actively block an aspect of immune response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a characteristic of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)?
A

C. They can recognize multiple antigens/epitopes on a viral glycoprotein.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  1. Which of the following is not an attribute of active immunity?
A

A. Short-term protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  1. Why is HIV a tricky virus to eliminate?
A

A. Systematically eliminates CD4+ T cells
B. Integrates its genome into the host cell’s genome in the nucleus and hides away from innate and adaptive immune defenses
C. High mutation rates
D. All of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
  1. Tamiflu is an antiviral treatment for seasonal influenza infections (influenza A and B viruses are the primary culprits). How does Tamiflu work to prevent type A/B influenza infections?
A

C. It prevents the complete release/budding of mature influenza A/B virions from infected cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  1. Among the following descriptions, what feature of smallpox is not a factor that contributes to its eradication?
A

A. RNA genome of variola virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  1. Which of the following is true regarding NRTIs?
A

C. AZT is an example of an NRTI.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  1. One vaccine candidate for influenza is a recombinant adenovirus expressing influenza virus hemagglutinin as an additional surface (spike) protein. Why would the use of adenovirus as a “carrier” virus advantageous?
A

B. Adenovirus carrier is alive and does not cause disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  1. Fill in the blank: ______________________ are professional phagocytes in humans.
A

A. Neutrophils, dendritic cells, and macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  1. Which of the following is not an advantage of live attenuated virus vaccines?
A

C. There is a chance of reversion to a virulent strain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  1. Which of the following is true about Raltegravir?
A

A. Blocks HIV’s integrase function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  1. What immunoglobulin isotype(s) can cross the placenta from mother to fetus?
A

B. IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
  1. Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies can be used to treat viral infections. Which of the following is a chimeric monoclonal antibody?
A

C. Cosfroviximab (for Ebola)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q
  1. Which of the following descriptions is false regarding innate immunity?
A

B. Has high specificity of virus recognition and memory response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
  1. What drug is effective against HSV?
18
Q
  1. Which is not a characteristic of adaptive immunity?
Study These Flashcards
A

C. One type of principal molecules involved is complement.

19
Q
  1. Which of the following is an advantage of phage therapy?
Study These Flashcards
A

D. Phage are unaffected by antibiotic resistance.

20
Q
  1. How does Pleconaril inhibit picornavirus infections?
Study These Flashcards
A

B. Blocking the release of viral RNA genome from its capsid proteins into the cytoplasm, subsequently stopping viral protein synthesis and viral genome replication

21
Q
  1. What is a disadvantage of inactivated virus vaccines?
Study These Flashcards
A

A. Cannot stimulate MHC-I response

22
Q
  1. Which of the following are Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs)?
Study These Flashcards
A

A. PKR
B. Mx
C. OAS/RNaseL
D. All of the above

23
Q
  1. Use of virus-derived pest controls is fundamentally effective but remains limited. Which description below does not explain the on-going challenges facing the virus-derived pest control approach?
Study These Flashcards
A

B. effects are fast but do not last long.

24
Q
  1. HIV antiviral drugs are usually designed to target the function of _____________.
Study These Flashcards
A

A. Reverse transcriptase
B. Integrase
C. Protease
D. All of the above

25
25. In the topic of vaccines and vaccination, what is VRC01?
C. An antibody that can neutralize over 90 % of known HIV strains
26
26. Which of the following is not a limitation of antiviral drugs?
C. They can be used as prophylactic treatments.
27
27. Which of the following is false regarding Salk poliovirus vaccine?
D. Was a live attenuated virus vaccine.
28
28. Which statement is false regarding passive immunity?
D. It activates both humoral and cell-mediated immunity.
29
29. Herpesviruses are known as “immune escape artists” because they develop many sophisticated mechanisms to avoid the host’s immune system. Which of the following is true regarding how herpesviruses are able to do this?
A. Down-regulate MHC-I and interfere with viral peptide loading into MHC-I B. Produce an analogue of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 to block cytokine synthesis C. Interfere with MHC-II expression D. All of the above
30
30. What type of vaccine is FluMist?
A. Live attenuated virus vaccine
31
31. Which of the following is false regarding ISGs?
A. They are inducible by viral infections.
32
32. What type of gene therapy includes removing cells from a person, transfecting them with DNA, and reintroducing them into the patient?
B. Ex vivo somatic
33
33. Why is aciclovir’s toxicity so low?
A. It is phosphorylated preferentially by a viral thymidine kinase. B. It is incorporated preferentially into viral DNA. D. A and B
34
34. What is not true regarding PRRs?
D. They change affinity over time.
35
35. What is true about arboviruses?
C. They are arthropod-infecting viruses.
36
36. Which statement is FALSE about bacteriophages?
D. All bacteriophages have a dsDNA genome.
37
37. What is a Jennerian vaccine?
C. A live virus vaccine
38
38. Why are viruses excellent candidates for gene therapy vectors?
A. They are designed to introduce foreign nucleic acids into cells. B. They can have strict cell tropism. C. They protect nucleic acids in the extracellular space. D. All of the above
39
39. How do NK cells limit virus infections?
A. Kill virus infected cells
40
40. What type of T cell recognizes antigens presented on MHC class II?
A. CD4+ T cell
41
41. What surface molecule presents cytoplasmic antigens?
b. Hemagglutinin binds to sialic acid, stimulating the release of the influenza virion

Virology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions