Final Exam Flashcards
(357 cards)
1
Q
Essential oils are found in many different parts of plants. For example, peppermint is found in the ….
A
leaves
2
Q
A top note is
a. a fixative and evaporates slowly.
b. characteristic of the oil and evaporates quickly.
c. a fixative and evaporates quickly.
d. easy to produce artificially and lasts about 1-2 hours.
A
b. characteristic of the oil and evaporates quickly.
3
Q
What is the distilled product of the volatile components synthesized by various plant tissues of a single plant species, sometimes containing hundreds of individual biochemical?
a. essential oil
b. volatile chemicals
c. vegetable oils
d. fixatives
A
a. essential oil
4
Q
The part of the olfactory system where aromas are detected is called the ________ ________.
A
olfactory epithelium
5
Q
Volatile substances have all the following characteristics EXCEPT:
a. Diffuse freely into the atmosphere.
b. Easily evaporate at low temperatures.
c. Are low boiling-point components of a natural source of aroma or flavor.
d. Feel oily to the touch and when exposed to air they become rancid and do not evaporate.
A
d. Feel oily to the touch and when exposed to air they become rancid and do not evaporate.
6
Q
Essential oils are found in many different parts of plants. For example, valerian is found in the ________.
A
root
7
Q
The system of the body involved with smell is called:
a. The sensory system
b. The olfactory system
c. The hypothalamus
d. The cilia
A
b. The olfactory system
8
Q
Oils should be stored:
a. On a kitchen shelf in attractive clear bottles, preferably with corks so they can breathe
b. In the sun so you can see the color
c. In a dark bottle with a tight lid in the sun
d. In a dark bottle in a cool place with a tight lid
A
d. In a dark bottle in a cool place with a tight lid
9
Q
Humans give off odorless chemicals called _______.
A
pheromones
10
Q
True or False:
Olfactory cilia carry the aroma-print in the form of electromagnetic messages to the twin olfactory bulbs. This process is very slow.
A
False
11
Q
This is a functional characteristic of all sense organs:
a. must be able to detect a stimulus.
b. must be able to detect a change in the intensity of the stimulus.
c. must be able to change the stimulus into a nerve impulse.
d. must be able to detect a stimulus, detect a change in the intensity of the stimulus, and able to change the stimulus into a nerve impulse.
A
d. must be able to detect a stimulus, detect a change in the intensity of the stimulus, and able to change the stimulus into a nerve impulse.
12
Q
True or False:
Going from most external to most internal, the layers of the eye would be sclera, choroid, and retina.
A
True
13
Q
True or False:
The pupil is the colored part of the eye.
A
False
14
Q
The vitreous humor:
a. is found in the anterior cavity.
b. is found in the posterior chamber.
c. is a watery fluid in front of the lens.
d. is found around the surface of the eye.
A
b. is found in the posterior chamber.
15
Q
True or False:
Because the olfactory nerve passes through the hypothalamus, which is important in memory and emotion, odor can often stimulate vivid memories.
A
False
16
Q
The olfactory receptors:
a. also assist in the sense of taste.
b. are able to respond to four primary odors.
c. are not sensitive because of the location of the receptors.
d. also assist in the sense of sight.
A
a. also assist in the sense of taste.
17
Q
True or False:
Cataracts may be caused by exposure to the ultraviolet radiation of the sun.
A
True
18
Q
True or False:
The external ear has two parts, the auricle and the pinna.
A
False
19
Q
Which of the following sensations is generated by a special sense?
a. Touch
b. Taste
c. Pressure
d. Touch, taste, and pressure
A
b. Taste
20
Q
True or False:
The organ of Corti is considered the organ of hearing.
A
True
21
Q
An essential oil is an aromatic material that ________ readily.
A
evaporates
22
Q
A base note:
a. is characteristic of the oil and difficult to reproduce.
b. is volatile and usually evaporates in 2 hours.
c. is an oil used to mix with essential oil for massage or bath oil.
d. appears in 1-2 hours and helps soap keep its fragrance for longer.
A
d. appears in 1-2 hours and helps soap keep its fragrance for longer.
23
Q
Essential oils are found in many different parts of plants. For example, fennel is found in the _______.
A
seeds
24
Q
The first impression you have of an aroma is called the ______ note.
A
top
25
Components of essential oils that are the heaviest and most complex are said to be
a. top notes
b. middle notes
c. base notes
d. base oils
c. base notes
26
What word is used to describe the psychological affects of aroma?
a. aromatherapy
b. aromachology
c. homeobotanical
d. therapeutics
b. aromachology
27
True or False:
You are able to distinguish the difference between lifting a 20-lb weight and a 50-lb weight because of the Golgi tendon receptors.
True
28
True or False:
| The sensory pathway for proprioceptors passes through the cerebellum.
True
29
True or False:
| The malleus rest against the oval window of the middle ear and helps transmit vibrations.
False
30
True or False:
| Dilation of the pupil is caused by the contraction of the iris.
False
31
True or False:
| Meissner's corpuscles respond to pain.
False
32
True or False:
| The bony labyrinth is divided into three parts: the cochlea, the vestibule, and the semicircular canals.
True
33
True or False:
| If the eyeball is too short, a condition called hyperopia, or farsightedness, can exist.
True
34
The "farsightedness" of old age is called
a. a cataract
b. presbyopia
c. otitis media
d. glaucoma
b. presbyopia
35
Essential oils are ________ which means they evaporate when exposed to air.
volatile
36
Which of the following focuses on restoration of physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health through the application of essential oils?
a. essential oils
b. holistic aromatherapy
c. materia medica
d. skin patch testing
b. holistic aromatherapy
37
Women may be able to detect aromas at a lower ______ than men.
concentration
38
True or False:
| A base note is the same as a base oil.
False
39
All of the following factors affect the reception of an aroma and the physiological and psychological response EXCEPT:
a. aroma association
b. response bias
c. personal mood
d. expectation
c. personal mood
40
True or False:
| General sense organs are found throughout the body but are most concentrated in the internal organs.
False
41
True or False:
| The handle of the incus attaches to the inside of the eardrum.
False
42
General sense organs can be found in the highest concentration in
a. muscle tissue
b. the skin
c. the tendons and connective tissue
d. the deep internal organs
b. the skin
43
The sense of hearing can be classified as a
a. proprioceptor.
b. mechanoreceptor.
c. thermoreceptor.
d. photoreceptor.
b. mechanoreceptor.
44
Endolymph is
a. inside the cochlea.
b. inside the semicircular canals.
c. just inside the bony labyrinth.
d. inside the cochlea and the semicircular canals.
d. inside the cochlea and the semicircular canals.
45
The rods in the eye:
a. are part of the choroid layer.
b. respond to the colors of red, green, and blue.
c. are used to see in dim light.
d. are part of the sclera layer.
c. are used to see in dim light.
46
True or False:
| There are only six taste sensations.
True
47
In the middle ear, the:
a. incus rests against the organ of Corti.
b. tympanic membrane rests against the stapes.
c. tympanic membrane rests against the incus.
d. stapes rests against the oval window.
d. stapes rests against the oval window.
48
True or False:
| Most of the free nerve endings are found in the epithelial layers of the body.
True
49
The vestibular nerve contains a nerve from the:
a. semicircular canals.
b. vestibule.
c. cochlea.
d. semicircular canals and vestibule.
c. cochlea.
50
True or False:
| Cones are used for day vision or vision in bright light.
True
51
True or False:
| Vitreous humor is the thick fluid in the posterior chamber of the eye.
True
52
True or False:
| Osteoporosis occurs most often in women of childbearing age.
False
53
The best way to ensure strong bones is...
a. to eat food high in calcium.
b. do weight-bearing exercise.
c. to get enough sun.
d. All of the above.
d. All of the above.
54
The two major classes of hormones are ...
a. carbohydrate and protein hormones.
b. carbohydrate and lipid hormones.
c. protein and steroid hormones.
d. lipid and steroid hormones.
c. protein and steroid hormones.
55
True or False:
| Glucagon raises blood sugar and insulin hormone lowers it.
True
56
Which does calcitonin cause?
a. An increase in the blood concentration of calcium
b. A breakdown in the bone matrix
c. A decrease in the blood concentration of calcium
d. Both a and b above
c. A decrease in the blood concentration of calcium
57
True or False:
| Calcitonin raises blood calcium and parathyroid hormone lowers it.
False.
Calcitonin lowers (tones down) blood calcium levels and PTH pulls calcium from the bones to raise blood calcium levels.
58
The endocrine portion of the pancreas produces which hormones?
a. Insulin and cortisol
b. Insulin and glucagon
c. Insulin and androgen
d. Glucagon and melatonin
b. Insulin and glucagon
59
Which of the following increases the risk of developing Type II diabetes?
a. High sugar diet
b. Obesity
c. Insulin resistance
d. All of the above
d. All of the above.
60
Which of the following is NOT involved in calcium metabolism?
a. Vitamin D
b. Calcitonin
c. Parathyroid hormone
d. Thymosin
d. Thymosin
61
A lack of production of insulin leads to ...
a. hypoglycemia.
b. Type II diabetes.
c. insulin resistance.
d. Type I diabetes.
d. Type I diabetes.
62
In order for T4 to be produced, the diet must contain sufficient amounts of:
a. calcium.
b. iodine.
c. iron.
d. sulfur.
b. iodine.
63
Androgens, which are similar to testosterone, are:
a. secreted by the inner zone of the adrenal cortex.
b. secreted by the middle zone of the adrenal cortex.
c. secreted by the outer zone of the adrenal cortex.
d. not secreted by the adrenal cortex.
a. secreted by the inner zone of the adrenal cortex.
64
Nonsteroid hormones:
a. cause protein synthesis in the cell.
b. can cause the formation of cyclic AMP.
c. have hormone receptors in the nucleus of the cell.
d. cause protein synthesis in the cell and have hormone receptors in the nucleus of the cell.
b. can cause the formation of cyclic AMP.
65
True or False:
| The thyroid gland is located in the neck.
True
66
True or False:
| The neurohypophysis produces about twice as many hormones as the adenohypophysis.
False
67
The hormone that helps regulate the body's internal clock is:
a. leptin.
b. ANH.
c. ADH.
d. melatonin.
d. melatonin.
68
True or False:
One of the main differences between the anterior and posterior pituitary glands is that one is made of glandular tissue and one is made of nerve tissue.
True
69
True or False:
| Pancreatic beta cells release insulin.
True
70
True or False:
| Oxytocin stimulates contraction of the pregnant uterus.
True
71
Aldosterone:
a. increase blood sodium levels.
b. decreases blood sodium levels.
c. increases blood potassium levels.
d. decreases blood antibodies.
a. increases blood sodium levels.
72
Which hormone of the adrenal cortex helps control blood glucose levels?
a. Aldosterone
b. DHEA
c. Cortisol
d. Noradrenaline
c. Cortisol
73
Which of the following regulates most hormone secretion?
a. The nervous system
b. Negative feedback
c. Positive feedback
d. All of the above
b. Negative feedback
74
The disease common in the older years that results in the thinning of bones and an increased risk for fracture is ________.
a. osteopenia
b. osteoporosis
c. osteoarthritis
d. osteomalacia
b. osteoporosis
75
The best way to insure strong bones is ...
a. to eat food high in calcium.
b. do weight-bearing exercise.
c. to get enough sun.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
76
Which functions do the glands of the endocrine system perform?
a. Release chemicals into the ducts.
b. Release chemicals into the blood.
c. Release chemicals into body cavities.
d. All of the above.
b. Release chemicals into the blood.
77
True or False:
| Most hormones use a negative feedback system for regulation.
True
78
True or False:
| If prostaglandins influence the production of cyclic AMP, they could impact the function of steroid hormones.
False
79
True or False:
| Steroid hormone receptors are in the nucleus of the cell.
True
80
True or False:
| The hypothalamus produces only two hormones, ADH and oxytocin.
False
81
True or False:
One of the main differences between the anterior and posterior pituitary glands is that one is made of glandular tissue and one is made of nerve tissue.
True
82
The endocrine system consists of glands that:
a. release chemicals into ducts.
b. release chemicals carried by the blood.
c. release chemicals into body cavities.
d. release chemicals into the brain.
b. release chemicals carried by the blood.
83
True or False:
| The neurohypophysis produces about twice as many hormones as the adenohypophysis.
False
84
In order for T4 to be produced, the diet must contain sufficient amounts of:
a. calcium.
b. iodine.
c. iron.
d. sulfur.
b. iodine.
85
True or False:
| The target organ for TSH is the thyroid gland.
True
86
True or False:
| Substances produced by the exocrine glands cause a reaction by stimulating target organ cells.
False
87
The gland that releases its products directly into the bloodstream is called ...
a. exocrine.
b. holocrine.
c. endocrine.
d. heterocrine.
c. endocrine.
88
Which of the following increases the risk of developing Type II diabetes?
a. High sugar diet
b. Obesity
c. Insulin resistance
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
89
True or False:
| One of the target organ cells of glucocorticoids is the liver cells.
True
90
True or False:
| Calcitonin causes an increase in blood calcium levels.
False
91
True or False:
| Nonsteroid hormones require a second messenger.
True
92
True or False:
| Pancreatic beta cells release insulin.
True
93
True or False:
| One possible effect of oxytocin is to help establish the bond between mother and infant.
True
94
True or False:
Negative feedback occurs when blood sugar stimulates release of insulin from the pancreas, and low blood sugar stops the production of insulin by pancreatic cells.
True
95
A lack of production of insulin leads to ...
a. hypoglycemia.
b. Type II diabetes.
c. insulin resistance.
d. Type I diabetes.
d. Type I diabetes.
96
Diabetes insipidus is caused by a hyposecretion of:
a. insulin
b. glucagon.
c. aldosterone.
d. ADH.
d. ADH.
97
True or False:
| Cortisol is an example of a mineralocorticoid.
False
98
True or False:
| Luteinizing hormone is also called the ovulating hormone.
True
99
True or False:
| The thyroid gland is located in the neck.
True
100
Which of the following is not a class of prostaglandins?
a. PGB
b. PGA
c. PGE
d. PGB, PGA, and PGE are all classes of prostaglandins.
a. PGB
101
The posterior pituitary gland releases:
a. ADH.
b. ACTH.
c. TSH.
d. both ACTH and TSH.
a. ADH
102
Aldosterone:
a. increases blood sodium levels.
b. decreases blood sodium levels.
c. increases blood potassium levels.
d. decreases blood antibodies.
a. increases blood sodium levels.
103
The hormone that helps regulate the body's internal clock is:
a. leptin.
b. ANH.
c. ADH.
d. melatonin.
d. melatonin.
104
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a nonsteroid hormone?
a. It attaches to a receptor on the cell membrane.
b. It causes protein synthesis to occur.
c. It can use cAMP as a second messenger.
d. It serves as a first messenger.
b. It causes protein synthesis to occur.
105
A decrease in insulin production:
a. usually causes Type I diabetes mellitus.
b. will stimulate the release of growth hormone.
c. is usually the cause of Type II diabetes mellitus.
d. will stimulate the release of progesterone.
a. usually causes Type I diabetes mellitus.
106
True or False:
| The target organ for TSH is the thyroid gland.
True
107
True or False:
| Blood makes up about 10% to 15% of the body weight in an adult.
False
108
True or False:
If a patient were having a heart attack caused by a blood clot, streptokinase would be an effective treatment in dissolving the clot.
True
109
Globulins:
a. assist in the formation of a blood clot.
b. thicken the blood.
c. assist in fighting infection.
d. assist in blood clotting.
c. assist in fighting infection.
110
The "universal donor" blood type is:
a. type A.
b. type B.
c. type AB.
d. type O.
d. type O.
111
Which of the following is not a granular leukocyte?
a. Monocyte
b. Neutrophil
c. Basophil
d. Eosinophil
a. Monocyte
112
True or False:
| Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disease.
True
113
True or False:
| Lymphatic tissue forms monocytes.
True
114
True or False:
| Lymphatic tissue is also called red bone marrow.
False
115
Plasma:
a. consists of blood without the blood cells and clotting factors.
b. carries almost all of the food to the cells.
c. carries almost all of the oxygen to the cells.
d. carries almost all carbon dioxide from the cells.
b. carries almost all of the food to the cells.
116
True or False:
| Eosinophils release important chemicals, such as heparin, that prevent blood clots.
False
117
Blood pressure is highest in the aorta and lowest in the:
a. arterioles.
b. capillaries.
c. arteries.
d. superior and inferior vena cava.
d. superior and inferior vena cava.
118
True or False:
| The intercalated disks that link the heart cells assist in the efficient conduction of the heart contraction.
True
119
Blood that has just pased through the bicuspid valve is in the:
a. aorta.
b. right ventricle.
c. left ventricle.
d. pulmonary artery.
c. left ventricle.
120
True or False:
| Ventricles are referred to as the discharging chambers of the heart.
True
121
The right side of the heart:
a. deals with oxygen-poor blood.
b. deals with oxygen-rich blood.
c. is the pump for systemic circulation.
d. is the pump for hepatic circulation.
a. deals with oxygen-poor blood.
122
True or False:
| Arteries always carry oxygen-rich blood.
False
123
True or False:
| A patienet with a very unusual P wave is more seriously ill than a patient with a very unusual QRS complex.
False
124
True or False:
| The foramen ovale shunts blood from the right ventricle to the left ventricle.
False
125
The tricuspid valve is located between the:
a. left atrium and left ventricle.
b. right atrium and right ventricle.
c. right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
d. left ventricle and the aorta.
b. right atrium and right ventricle.
126
True or False:
| The umbilical cord contains two veins and one artery.
False
127
Aplastic anemia can be caused by:
a. severe hemorrhage.
b. damage to blood forming elements in the bone marrow.
c. a lack of vitamin B12.
d. an inherited condition resulting in the formation of abnormal hemoglobin.
b. damage to blood forming elements in the bone marrow.
128
True or False:
| Plasma is made up mostly of water.
True
129
True or False:
| Lymphatic tissue is also called red bone marrow.
False
130
True or False:
| Hemoglobin can carry oxygen.
True
131
Which white blood cells directly attack microbes?
a. Eosinophils
b. T lymphocytes
c. B lymphocytes
d. Basophils
b. T lymphocytes
132
True or False:
| In one cubic millimeter of blood, there are more white blood cells than platelets.
False
133
The hematocrit test measures:
a. the volume of blood made up of red blood cells.
b. the volume of blood made up of both red and white blood cells.
c. the volume of blood made up of plasma.
d. white blood cell counts.
a. the volume of blood made up of red blood cells.
134
A substance found in plasma but not in serum is:
a. fibrinogen.
b. antibodies.
c. formed elements.
d. fibrinogen and antibodies.
a. fibrinogen.
135
True or False:
| The coronary sinus carries blood from the aorta to the muscle of the heart.
False
136
True or False:
| A patient with a serious heart block may be treated with an artificial pacemaker.
True
137
True or False:
| The cardiac output will always be larger than the stroke volume.
True
138
Another name for the visceral pericardium is the:
a. epicardium.
b. endocardium.
c. myocardium.
d. visceral pericardium is not known by another name.
a. epicardium.
139
True or False:
| The T wave tracing measures atrial repolarization.
False
140
True or False:
| About one third of the heart lies to the left of the midline of the sternum.
False
141
True or False:
| Contracting skeletal muscles and breathing help the veins return blood to the heart.
True
142
True or False:
| Serum can be given to surgical patients to help their blood clot more readily.
False
143
A patient with a thinner-than-normal buffy coat may have:
a. an infection.
b. leukemia.
c. leucopenia.
d. both an infection and leukemia.
c. leucopenia.
144
True or False:
| An important function of the lymphatic system is protection.
True
145
True or False:
| Vitamin K stimulates the liver to produce more fibrinogen, which helps the blood clot more efficiently.
False
146
True or False:
| Hematocrit values tend to be higher in men than women and higher in older people than in younger people.
False
147
True or False:
| Erythroblastosis fetalis cannot occur if the father is Rh-negative.
True
148
True or False:
The term angioplasty refers to the medical procedure in which a vein from another part of the body is used to direct blood flow around a blocked artery in the heart.
False
149
True or False:
Both a myocardial infarction and angina pectoris are a result of an insufficient amount of oxygen getting to the heart muscle.
True
150
True or False:
| The intercalated disks that link the heart cells assist in the efficient conduction of the heart contraction.
True
151
True or False:
| The tricuspid valve keeps blood from flowing back into the left atrium.
False
152
True or False:
| The pericardium consists of two layers, the partietal pericardium and the epicardium.
True
153
Which of the following describes the layering, in order from top to bottom, of a test tube of blood that has been "spun down" in a centrifuge?
a. Plasma, red blood cells, buffy coat
b. Buffy coat, plasma, red blood cells
c. Plasma, buffy coat, red blood cells
d. Red blood cells, buffy coat, plasma
c. Plasma, buffy coat, red blood cells
154
Myeloid tissue is:
a. also called lymphoid tissue.
b. also called red bone marrow.
c. important to the formation of blood cells.
d. also called red bone marrow and is important in the formation of red blood cells.
d. also called red bone marrow and is important in the formation of red blood cells.
155
Injury to a blood vessel or damage to a platelet can cause the formation of:
a. fibrinogen.
b. fibrin.
c. prothrombin activator.
d. thrombin.
c. prothrombin activator.
156
The first heart sound is the closing of the:
a. pulmonary semilunar and aortic semilunar valves.
b. tricuspid and mitral valves.
c. mitral and bicuspid valves.
d. tricuspid and pulmonary semilunar valves.
b. tricuspid and mitral valves.
157
True or False:
| The apex of the heart is the most inferior and pointed part of the heart.
True
158
True or False:
| A possible cause of leukopenia is the malignant disease leukemia.
False
159
The last blood vessel of pulmonary circulation is the:
a. pulmonary artery.
b. pulmonary vein.
c. aorta.
d. superior vena cava.
b. pulmonary vein.
160
The "pacemaker" for the heart is usually the:
a. sinoatrial node.
b. Purkinje fibers.
c. bundle of His.
d. atrioventricular bundle.
a. sinoatrial node.
161
Blood that has just passed through the bicuspid valve is in the:
a. aorta.
b. right ventricle.
c. left ventricle.
d. pulmonary artery.
c. left ventricle.
162
The outermost layer of the heart is called the:
a. epicardium.
b. endocardium.
c. visceral pericardium.
d. epicardium or visceral pericardium.
d. epicardium or visceral pericardium.
163
The red blood cell:
a. assists in transporting carbon dioxide to the lungs.
b. contains hemoglobin to carry oxygen.
c. has a unique shape to increase its surface area.
d. assists in transporting carbon dioxide to the lungs, contains hemoglobin, and has a unique shape to increase its surface area.
d. assists in transporting carbon dioxide to the lungs, contains hemoglobin, and has a unique shape to increase its surface area.
164
Vitamin K stimulates the liver to increase production of:
a. prothrombin activator.
b. fibrinogen.
c. prothrombin.
d. thrombin.
c. prothrombin.
165
True or False:
| Granular leukocytes may have a circulating life span of up to 6 months.
False
166
Which tracing in a normal ECG is the repolarization of the atria?
a. The P wave
b. The QRS complex
c. The T wave
d. The U wave
d. The U wave
167
True or False:
| The terms "high blood pressure" and "hypertension" mean the same thing.
True
168
True or False:
| The tricuspid valve keeps blood from flowing back into the left atrium.
False
169
True or False:
| The chordae tendineae are stringlike structures attached to the semilunar valves.
False
170
The innermost layer of an artery or vein is called the:
a. tunica intima.
b. tunica media.
c. endothelium.
d. both the tunica intia and endothelium.
d. both the tunica intia and endothelium.
171
True or False:
| The loss of a large amount of blood can result in anemia.
True
172
True or False:
| A heart that is beating weakly will cause a drop in the central venous pressure.
False
173
True or False:
| Basophils secrete the chemical histamine during inflammatory reactions.
True
174
True or False:
| One function of the hepatic portal system is to help maintain glucose homeostasis in the blood.
True
175
The heart is located:
a. mostly to the left of the midline of the sternum.
b. mostly to the right of the midline of the sternum.
c. with the apex slightly below the clavicle.
d. with the apex slightly above the clavicle.
a. mostly to the left of the midline of the sternum.
176
Echinacea is also commonly called:
a. bloodwort.
b. milfoil.
c. snakeroot.
d. all of the above.
c. snakeroot.
177
The following homeopathic remedy is helpful for irritating nasal discharge and tearing eyes:
a. Allium cepa.
b. Arsenicum album.
c. Aurum metallicum.
d. all of the above.
a. Allium cepa.
178
Which of the following is true about allergic rhinitis?
a. It is an inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes.
b. It be cause by pollens.
c. It can be caused by changes in temperatures or humidity.
d. All of the above.
d. All of the above.
179
The upper limit of normal diastolic blood pressure is closest to:
a. 100
b. 90
c. 85
d. 60
c. 85
180
True or False:
| Echinacea is an annual herb that can reach the height of five to six feet.
False
181
Which of the following blood pressure would indicate Grade 1 hypertension, according to the ESH/ESC guidelines?
a. 135/85
b. 165/105
c. 150/95
d. 180/110
c. 150/95
182
Which of the following statements about secondary hypertension is FALSE?
a. Secondary hypertension can be associated with malfunctioning kidneys.
b. Secondary hypertension has no known or discovered cause.
c. Secondary hypertension can be associated with malfunctioning endocrine glands.
d. Secondary hypertension can be due to narrowed arteries.
b. Secondary hypertension has no known or discovered cause.
183
Signs for allergic rhinitis may include:
a. a stuffy, runny nose.
b. headache.
c. pain above the cheekbones and on the lower forehead.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
184
True or False:
| Echinacea can be used safely during pregnancy.
False
185
Systolic pressure measures
a. the pressure exeerted by blood on the walls of a vein of the systemic circulation.
b. the maximum pressure in the brachial artery during ventricular contraction.
c. the minimum pressure in the brachiael artery during ventricular relaxation.
d. the difference between the maximum and minimum pressures.
b. the maximum pressure in the brachial artery during ventricular contraction.
186
Which of the following is NOT a lifestyle modification for high blood pressure?
a. avoid food high in polyunsaturated fatty acids
b. avoid excess animal fats
c. try to get in a 20-minute walk daily
d. avoid excess salt or sodium and check all labels on processed food
a. avoid food high in polyunsaturated fatty acids
187
If you suspect a client has high blood pressure you should
a. tell them drugs are dangerous and they should not take them.
b. give them a herbal combination that treats high blood pressure.
c. refer the client back to his or her primary care provider for diagnosis and/or treatment.
d. take their blood pressure to be sure and tell them they have hypertension.
c. refer the client back to his or her primary care provider for diagnosis and/or treatment.
188
True or False:
| People with allergic rhinitis are also more likely to develop asthma, bronchitis, and sinusitis.
True
189
Traditionally, Echinacea tinctures are prepared from:
a. fresh root.
b. dried flowers.
c. dried leaves.
d. seeds.
a. fresh root.
190
True or False:
| Yarrow is an annual herb that can reach height of 2-3 ft.
False
191
What dietary modifications are supportive for hypotension?
a. eliminate caffeine
b. ensure the diet contains adequate levels of iron and protein
c. ensure the diet contains adequate levels of potassium
d. ensure the diet contains adequate levels of magnesium
b. ensure the diet contains adequate levels of iron and protein
192
Which of the following statements about prehypertension is FALSE?
a. Prehypertension requires medication.
b. Prehypertension is considered 120/80 to 140/90.
c. Prehypertension requires a health promoting lifestyle to prevent a progressive rise in blood pressure.
d. Prehypertension increases your risk of developing hypertension.
a. Prehypertension requires medication.
193
True or False:
| Hypertension can be associated with impaired kidney function.
True
194
Active constituents present in echinacea include:
a. echinacein and echinolone.
b. chamazulene.
c. inulin.
d. A and C.
d. A and C.
195
Which of the following is NOT a possible cause of hypotension?
a. anemia due to blood loss
b. adrenal insufficiency
c. high sodium diet
d. vegetarian diet
c. high sodium diet
196
True of False:
| When no cause is discovered, high blood pressure is called secondary hypertension.
False
When no cause is discovered, high blood pressure is called primary hypertension.
197
The upper limit of normal systolic blood pressure is closest to
a. 140
b. 130
c. 120
d. 90
b. 130
198
What plant is supportive as an herb or an essential oil for hypotension?
a. rosemary
b. garlic
c. lavender
d. alfalfa
a. rosemary
199
Which of the following statements about hypertension are true?
a. Hypertension can have no obvious symptoms.
b. Hypertension can cause a weakening of the heart muscle.
c. Hypertension can cause dizziness.
d. All of the above are true.
d. All of the above are true.
200
The following Echinacea species is considered the most medicinally effective:
a. Echinacea angustifolia
b. Echinacea tennesseensis
c. Echinacea purpurea
d. Echinacea pallida
a. Echinacea angustifolia
201
Pulse pressure measures:
a. the pressure exerted by blood on the walls of a vein of the systemic circulation.
b. the maximum pressure in the brachial artery during bentricular contraction.
c. the minimum pressure in the brachial artery during ventricular relaxation.
d. the difference between the maximum and minimum pressures.
d. the difference between the maximum and minimum pressures.
202
The diastolic blood pressure is ...
a. the lowest blood pressure measured.
b. the highest blood pressure measured.
c. the average blood pressure measured.
d. the difference between the highest and lowest blood pressure measured.
a. the lowest blood pressure measured.
203
Differentiate between primary and secondary hypertension.
Primary hypertension is when there is no obvious cause for the high blood pressure.
Secondary hypertension is high blood pressure that is due to dysfunction in another organ such as the kidneys, endocrine glands, and narrowed arteries.
204
Yarrow is also commonly called:
a. comb flower.
b. coneflower.
c. milfoil.
d. all of the above.
c. milfoil.
205
True or False:
| Yarrow can be safely taken during pregnancy.
False
206
The following food products are likely to cause inflammation and allergic reactions:
a. meats and dairy products containing saturated fats.
b. fresh organic fruits and vegetables.
c. whole grains, nuts, and seeds.
d. all of the above.
a. meats and dairy products containing saturated fats.
207
Active constituents present in yarrow include:
a. echinacein and echinolone.
b. myristic acid.
c. chamazulene.
d. all of the above.
c. chamazulene.
208
True or False:
| Diet and liefstyle changes can be very helpful for dealing with hypertension.
True
209
True or False:
| Therapeutic massage can assist drainage of lymphatic fluid.
True
210
Systolic blood pressure can be defined as ...
a. the maximum pressure in the arteries.
b. the minimum pressure in the arteries.
c. the difference between the maximum and minimum pressure.
d. the relaxation of the veins.
a. the maximum pressure in the arteries.
211
The normal average blood pressure is about ...
a. 90/60
b. 120/80
c. 135/85
d. 140/90
b. 120/80
212
True or False:
| High blood pressure may be asymptomatic.
True
213
Which of the following herbs are high in flavonoids, such as quercetin, known to reduce production of histamines and strengthen connective tissue include:
a. ginkgo - Ginkgo biloba
b. astragalus - Astragalus membranaceus
c. turmeric - Curcuma longa
d. A and C
d. A and C
214
Are all fats to be avoided in cases of hypertension? Explain your answer.
No. Saturated fats should be avoided as they can accumulate in the blood vessels and slow blood flow which leads to hypertension. Polyunsaturated fats have been shown to help lower blood pressure.
215
Which of the following blood pressure would indicate Grade 3 hypertension, according to the ESH/ESC guidelines?
a. 159/99
b. 179/109
c. 180/110
d. none of the above
c. 180/110
216
Diastolic pressure measures
a. the pressure due to the recoil of the elastic arterial walls between the contractions of the heart.
b. the minimum pressure in the brachial artery during ventricular relaxation.
c. the maximum pressure in the brachial artery during ventricular contraction.
d. both a and b are correct
d. both a and b are correct
217
True or False:
| Echinacea is an annual herb that can reach the height of five to six feet.
False
218
Which of the following blood pressure would indicate Grade 2 hypertension, according to the ESH/ESC guidelines?
a. 135/85
b. 165/105
c. 150/95
d. 180/110
b. 165/105
219
Your blood pressue is considered low if it is below
a. 140/90
b. 120/80
c. 90/60
d. 180/110
c. 90/60
220
The following constituent, present in echinacea, has been shown to regulate liver cholesterol levels:
a. echinacein.
b. myristic acid.
c. inlulin.
d. caffeic acid.
b. myristic acid
221
True or False:
| Those with autoimmune conditions should avoid the use of echinacea.
True
222
Which of the following culinary herbs is NOT supportive for hypertension?
a. garlic
b. parsley
c. cayenne
d. all of the above are supportive
d. all of the above are supportive
223
Secondary hypertension is associated with malfunctioning:
a. kidneys
b. endocrine glands
c. narrowed arteries
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
224
An important phagocytic cell in the immune system is the:
a. B cell
b. plasma cell
c. neutrophil
d. memory cell
c. neutrophil
225
The inflammation response is part of:
a. humoral immunity
b. cell-mediated immunity
c. specific immunity
d. nonspecific immunity
d. nonspecific immunity
226
Long-term immunity occurs when:
a. T cells form plasma cells
b. neutrophils form plasma cells
c. macrophages form plasma cells
d. B cells form memory cells
d. B cells form memory cells
227
True or False
| Tears contribute to nonspecific immunity.
True
228
Heat, one sign of inflammation, is caused by:
a. increased blood flow to the inflamed area
b. increased vessel permeability
c. increased white blood cell concentration
d. all of the above
a. increased blood flow to the inflamed area
229
True or False:
| The immunity a nursing infant receives from her mother's milk is an example of natural active immunity.
False
230
T cells:
a. are important in long-term immunity because they form memory cells.
b. can release as many as 2000 antibodies a second.
c. can release poisons that can directly kill cells.
d. form plasma cells when activated.
c. can release poisons that can directly kill cells.
231
Which of the following is not a role of complement in the immune system?
a. increasing the permeability of blood vessels
b. attracting immune cells to the site of infection
c. marking foreign cells for destruction
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
232
When you receive serum (antibodies) for a rattlesnake bite, this is an example of:
a. naturally active immunity
b. naturally passive immunity
c. artificially active immunity
d. artificially passive immunity
d. artificially passive immunity
233
True or False:
| The terms innate immunity and nonspecific immunity refer to the same thing.
True
234
Which of the following are called adenoids when they become swollen?
a. Palatine tonsils
b. Lingual tonsils
c. Pharyngeal tonsils
d. Lymph nodes of the neck
c. Pharyngeal tonsils
235
True of False:
| Because natural killer cells have broad action, they do not require exposure to an antigen.
True
236
Receiving a flu shot to help protect you from getting the flu would be an example of:
a. natural active immunity
b. natural passive immunity
c. artificial active immunity
d. artificial passive immunity
c. artificial active immunity
237
True or False:
| By early adulthood, all immature B cells have been activated.
False
238
True or False:
| Complement kills cells by drilling holes in the cell membrane, which allows water to rapidly leave the cell.
False
239
Lymph can:
a. carry cancer cells that can be trapped in lymph nodes.
b. be a possible route for the spread of cancer.
c. carry bacteria to lymph nodes.
d. carry cancer cells that can be trapped in lymph nodes, are a possible route for the spread of cancer, and carry bacteria to lymph nodes.
d. carry cancer cells that can be trapped in lymph nodes, are a possible route for the spread of cancer, and carry bacteria to lymph nodes.
240
True or False:
| Involution describes the rapid growth of the thymus gland from childhood to puberty.
False
241
True or False:
| Artificial passive immunity can be effective even after a person has been exposed to the infectious organism.
True
242
True or False:
| The terms innate immunity and nonspecific immunity refer to the same thing.
True
243
True or False:
| Lymph nodes are found between the lymphatic capillaries and the right lymphatic duct or the thoracic duct.
True
244
Lymphocytes can be found in:
a. lymph nodes
b. the thymus
c. the liver
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
245
When you do dry skin brushing, you should not brush
a. the soles of the feet.
b. the face.
c. inflamed areas.
d. both B and C.
d. both B and C.
246
True or False:
| Receiving the polio vaccine to prevent you from getting polio is an example of artificial passive immunity.
false
247
True or False:
| The cisterna chyli is part of the right lymphatic duct that serves as a storage area for lymph.
False
248
Which of the following structures is not part of the lymphatic system?
a. Thyroid
b. Thymus
c. Spleen
d. Cisterna chyli
a. Thyroid
249
True or False:
| The lymphatic system may be the route that some cancers use to spread to other parts of the body.
True
250
Complement helps kill harmful cells by:
a. "drilling" a hole in the cell memrane.
b. causing sodium to rapidly leak out of the cell.
c. causing water to rapidly leak out of the cell.
d. causing potassium to rapidly leak out of the cell.
a. "drilling" a hole in the cell memrane.
251
An antigen can be a:
a. toxin
b. protein on a cancer cell membrane
c. protein on a bacterial cell membrane
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
252
The largest lymphoid organ in the body is the:
a. spleen
b. palatine tonsils
c. thymus
d. cisterna chyli
a. spleen
253
The main fuction of lacteals is:
a. to return protein to the blood.
b. to transport fats to the bloodstream.
c. to move lymph to the right lymphatic duct.
d. to move blood to the right lymphatic duct.
b. to transport fats to the bloodstream.
254
True or False:
| The swelling and pain of the inflammatory response are caused by an increase in vascular permeability.
True
255
If you have had the measles, you cannot get them again. This is an example of:
a. natural active immunity
b. natural passive immunity
c. artificial active immunity
d. artificial passive immunity
a. natural active immunity
256
What is the most common cause of emphysema?
a. infection
b. allergies
c. smoking
d. pollution
c. smoking
257
Coughing should not be inhibited with antispasmodics in which condition?
a. asthma
b. bronchitis
c. sinusitis
d. emphysema
d. emphysema
258
An herb such as Lobelia inflata, a bronchodilator, is helpful for which condition?
a. emphysema
b. asthma
c. both asthma and emphysema
d. none of the above
b. asthma
259
Which condition is irreversible?
a. influenza
b. sinusitis
c. acute bronchitis
d. emphysema
d. emphysema
260
What is a chronic abstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) characterized by destruction of the alveoli in the lungs?
a. asthma
b. bronchitis
c. common cold/flu
d. emphysema
d. emphysema
261
True or False:
| Food high in manganese are helpful for asthma.
True
262
Hereditary deficiency of antitrypsin is causative factor in which condition?
a. influenza
b. sinusitis
c. acute bronchitis
d. emhysema
d. emphysema
263
True or False:
| Physical and emotional stress can trigger asthma.
True
264
Which substance has been found to be low in asthmatics?
a. calcium
b. manganese
c. magnesium
d. all of the above
b. manganese
265
Avoidance of food and environmntal allergies is helpful in what condition?
a. asthma
b. emphysema
c. sinusitis
d. none of the above
a. asthma
266
True or False:
| Alveoli and alveolar sacs refer to the same structure.
False
267
True or False:
| The nasal cavities assist in warming and humidifying inspired air.
True
268
True or False:
| The external nares divide the nasal cavity into right and left sides.
False
269
The smallest of the air distribution tubes in the respiratory tract are the:
a. secondary bronchi
b. bronchioles
c. alveolar ducts
d. tracheae
c. alveolar ducts
270
True or False:
| The removal of carbon dioxide is as important to survival as is the constant supply of oxygen.
True
271
True or False:
| The trachea, primary bronchi, and secondary bronchi all contain cartilage in their walls to help keep them open.
True
272
True or False:
| The epiglottis closes the esophagus during swallowing to keep food out of the lung.
False
273
True or False:
| Two pairs of tonsils are located in the pharynx.
True
274
True or False:
In some lung diseases, the lungs lose their elasticity and their ability to recoil. This would have the greatest impact on expiration.
True
275
True or False:
| During inspiration, the daiphragm contracts and moves up into the thoracic cavity.
False
276
What procedure will help to drain secretions from the bronchi and should be done at least twice a day for those with emphysema?
a. yoga breathing
b. progressive relaxation
c. postural drainage
d. oil inhalation
c. postural drainage
277
Which of the following is true about eucalyptus?
a. Eucalyptus should not be applied to the face or nose, or used internally for babies or young children.
b. It is also contraindicated if there is a history of epilepsy, hypertension or gastrointestinal inflammation and liver complaints.
c. Eucalyptus oil can cause symptoms of poisoning in excessive amounts.
d. All of the above.
d. All of the above.
278
What is the name of the bronchial spasm that is triggered by an allergic condition?
a. bronchitis
b. asthma
c. emphysema
d. infuenza
b. asthma
279
Which respiratory condition characterized by difficulty in breathing, frequent coughing, wheezing, a feeling of suffocation, tightnes in the chest, and violent coughing attacks?
a. asthma
b. acute bronchitis
c. common cold/flu
d. emphysema
a. asthma
280
The chest becomes barrel shaped in which condition?
a. influenza
b. sinusitis
c. acute bronchitis
d. emphysema
d. emphysema
281
True or False:
| The cerebral cortex is responsible for the voluntary increase or decrease in breathing rate.
True
282
The auditory, or eustachian, tubes connect the:
a. inner ear with the nasopharynx
b. inner ear with the oropharynx
c. middle ear with the nasopharynx
d. middle ear with the oropharynx
c. middle ear with the nasopharynx
283
The surface area for gas exchange of all the alveoli is about:
a. 10 square meters
b. 100 square meters
c. 500 square meters
d. 50 square meters
b. 100 square meters
284
True or False:
| The pharynx can be considered part of both the respiratory and digestive systems.
True
285
True or False:
| Surfactant is a slippery fluid that allows the lungs to rub against the chest wall with very little friction.
False
286
The space between the vocal cords is called the:
a. epiglottis.
b. conchae.
c. glottis.
d. thyroid cartilage.
c. glottis.
287
True or False:
| The interior walls of the thoracic cavity are covered by the visceral pleura.
False
288
Which of these structures is not in the larynx?
a. Vocal cords
b. Palatine tonsils
c. Glottis
d. Epiglottis
b. Palatine tonsils
289
True or False:
The four paranasal sinuses are named for the bones in which they are found. They are the frontal, parietal, sphenoidal, and ethmoidal.
False
290
The most important muscle(s) of forced expiration is (are) the:
a. diaphragm.
b. internal intercostals.
c. abdominal muscles.
d. internal intercostals and abdominal muscles.
d. internal intercostals and abdominal muscles.
291
The largest amount of air that can be breathed in and out in one breath is called:
a. vital capacity.
b. residual volume.
c. tidal volume.
d. expiratory reserve volume.
a. vital capacity.
292
Expectorant herbs are helpful for what condition?
a. asthma
b. emphysema
c. both A and B
c. both A and B
293
In order for gas exchange to occur properly in the lungs:
a. the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli must be greater than the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood.
b. the partieal pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli must be greater than the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood.
c. the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli must be less than the partial pressure of the carbon dioxide in the blood.
d. the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli must be greater than the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli must be less than the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood.
d. the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli must be greater than the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli must be less than the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood.
294
True or False:
| The respiratory membrane plays an important role in air purification.
False
295
The upper respiratory tract includes all of the following except the:
a. nose.
b. trachea.
c. pharynx.
d. larynx.
b. trachea.
296
True or False:
| Most of the carbon dioxide in the blood is carried as carbaminohemoglobin.
False
297
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and cells throughout the body is called
a. cellular respiration.
b. internal respiration.
c. external respiration.
d. breathing.
b. internal respiration.
298
True or False:
| Surfactant is needed in the lung to increase the surface tension in the alveoli.
False
299
True or False:
| Vital capacity is the amount of air that is inhaled and exhaled during normal, quiet breathing.
False
300
The mucous blanket
a. only covers the nose and throat.
b. traps dust, pollen, and other contaminants.
c. only covers the alveoli and bronchioles.
d. lines the alveoli.
b. traps dust, pollen, and other contaminants.
301
True or False:
| The pitch of the voice depends on the tension on the vocal cords.
True
302
True or False:
| The cilia lining the air distribution tubes beat downward to help move air into the lung.
False
303
True or False:
| Quiet expiration requires much less energy than quiet inspiration.
True
304
If you want to reduce the chances or cystitis, you should:
a. maintain the noraml acid/alkaline balance of the urine.
b. conduct a short fast on watermelon juice or a mixture of cucumber, carrot, beet, and garlic juice.
c. increase fluid intake to a minimum of 64 ounces of pure water daily.
d. all of the above.
d. all of the above.
305
The following population group is most likely to suffer from cystitis
a. women
b. men
c. children younger than 6 months
d. children 6 months through 8 years of age
a. women
306
True or False
| Cystitis may occur following particularly strenuous sexual intercourse.
True
307
True or False:
Fresh raw parsely juice is a specific tonic for the adrenal glands and is a powerful tonic to the whole nervous and circulatory systems. Again, take only small doses, preferably mixed with carrot and celery juices, and do not use the concentrated juice if the kidneys are inflamed.
True
308
This herb is eaten as a vegetable in China and the seeds are used as a coffee substitute.
a. Cleavers
b. Chicory
c. Parsley
d. Juniper berries
a. Cleavers
309
True or False:
| Cleavers tincture can be safely taken during pregnancy.
False
310
If you experience the constant urge to urinate when standing or walking, you should consider taking a
a. cranberry dietary supplement.
b. dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) infusion.
c. Mag Phos cell salt.
d. lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) essential oil.
c. Mag Phos cell salt.
311
```
True or False:
Carum petroselinum (parsley) is an excellent diuretic because of its high potassium content.
```
True
312
True or False:
| Diuretic herbs should be avoided in the case of cystitis.
False
313
True or False:
| Drinking sweetened cranberry juice can help to relieve symptoms of cystitis.
False
314
Glomerular capsule is
a. part of the renal tubules.
b. a network of blood capillaries.
c. the cup-shaped top part of the nephron.
d. part of the renal tubules and is the cup-shaped top part of the nephron.
c. the cup-shaped top part of the nephron.
315
True or False:
| Gravity moves urine through the ureters.
False
316
The medulla of the kidney is
a. the inner part of the kidney.
b. the narrow innermost end of the pyramids.
c. the outer part of the kidney.
d. a division of the renal pelvis.
a. the inner part of the kidney.
317
True or False:
| Any material that is filtered and not reabsorbed will be lost in the urine.
True
318
Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal glands and increases the absorption of salt?
a. ANH
b. Aldosterone
c. ADH
d. Insulin
b. Aldosterone
319
True or False:
| The juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes a hormone that causes dilation of blood vessels.
False
320
True or False:
| The papillae are a divison of the renal pelvis.
False
321
True or False:
| The glomerular capsule is the cup-shaped top of the nephron.
True
322
True or False:
| Glycosuria is symptomatic of diabetes mellitus.
True
323
True or False:
| Kidneys are considered vital organs.
True
324
Diuretic herbs have a specific influence on which system?
a. Urinary
b. Integumentary
c. Muscular
d. Lymphatic
a. Urinary
325
Berberine is the primary active constituent in
a. buchu - Barosma betulina
b. burdock - Arctium lappa
c. marshmallow - Althaea officinalis
d. Oregon grape - Mahonia aquifolium
d. Oregon grape - Mahonia aquifolium
326
Cleavers is also commonly called
a. goosegrass
b. bedstraw
c. catchwood
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
327
True or False:
| The kidneys help regulate water and the pH of the blood.
True
328
Peristalsis like movement helps move urine through the
a. urethra.
b. urinary bladder.
c. ureter.
d. nephron.
c. ureter.
329
True or False:
| Micturition, voiding, and urination all refer to the same thing.
True
330
The dissolved substances and fluid that move from the glomerulus into Bowman capsule are called
a. reabsorbed substances.
b. glomerular filtrate.
c. secreted substances.
d. secreted filtrate.
b. glomerular filtrate.
331
True or False:
| The urniary meatus is part of the urethra.
True
332
True or False:
| Both filtration and secretion occur in the renal corpuscle.
False
333
Infusions of the following herb is effective in the case of cystitis
a. uva ursi - Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
b. valerian - Valeriana officinalis
c. St. John's wort - Hypericum perforatum
d. kava-kava - Piper methysticum
a. uva ursi - Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
334
The primary action of cleavers is on the
a. lymphatic system.
b. cardiovascular system.
c. liver.
d. kidneys.
a. lymphatic system.
335
Parsley contains a volatile oil that is high in
a. apiol.
b. asperuloside.
c. berberine.
d. all of the above.
a. apiol.
336
Which part of the nephron can be found in the medulla of the kidney?
a. Glomerular capsule
b. Glomerulus
c. Nephron loop
d. Distal convoluted tubule
c. Nephron loop
337
True or False:
| The nephron loop can extend into the medulla of the kidney.
True
338
This hormone increases the amount of water lost in the urine
a. ADH
b. ANH
c. aldosterone
d. Renin
b. ANH
339
True or False:
| The papillae are a divison of the renal pelvis.
False
340
True or False:
| The lower part of the rib cage protects the uppermost part of the kidney.
True
341
What condition occurs when the bladder is able to empty itself but no urine is being produced by the kidneys?
a. Retention
b. Suppression
c. Incontinence
d. Polyuria
b. Suppression
342
This herb can increase the amount of sugar in the urine and should not be used where there is a tendency toward diabetes.
a. Cayenne
b. Kelp
c. Yarrow
d. Cleavers
d. Cleavers
343
True or False:
The primary action of Gallum aparine is on the lymphatic system, particularly enlarged congested cervical nodes in the neck.
True
344
True or False:
| The whole parsley plant, excet the root, is used in herbal medicine.
False
345
The proximal convoluted tubule connects
a. the glomerulus and glomerular capsule.
b. glomerular capsule and nephron loop.
c. nephron loop and the collecting tubule.
d. nephron loop and glomerular capsule.
b. glomerular capsule and nephron loop.
346
Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal glands and increases the absorption of salt?
a. ANH
b. Aldosterone
c. ADH
d. Insulin
b. Aldosterone
347
True or False:
| About 20% of the blood pumped by the heart enters the kidneys.
True
348
True or False:
| The kidneys lie medial to the backbone and just above the waistline.
False
349
Chronic cystitis may lead to
a. liver failure.
b. kidney infection.
c. sinusitis.
d. all of the above.
b. kidney infection.
350
True or False:
| The kidneys regulate the blood concentration of chloride, potassium, and bicarabonate.
True
351
True or False:
| Both ADH and aldosterone tend to increase the volume of urine.
False
352
True or False:
| Only the root of cleavers is used in herbal medicine.
False
353
True or False:
| The pituitary gland, adrenal gland, and the heart all produce hormones that help control urine volume.
True
354
Which of the following structures is not part of the renal tubules?
a. Nephron loop
b. Glomerular capsule
c. Collecting tubule
d. Distal convoluted tubule
b. Glomerular capsule
355
True or False:
| The movement of materials from the filtrate to the blood is called secretion.
False
356
Which of the following do ot help protect the kidney?
a. The rib cage
b. A fat pad
c. The hip bone
d. Muscles of the back
c. The hip bone
357
True or False:
| In suppression, the kidneys are still functioning normally.
False
