Final Exam (Cattle; Small Ruminant & Poultry Nutrition)

Question 1

What is the name of this dairy breed ?

A. Holestein-Friesland
B. Jersey
C. Brown Swiss
D. Ayrshire

Answer 1

C. Brown Swiss

Question 2

And this one ?

A. Jersey
B. Brown Swiss
C. Ayrshire

Answer 2

C. Ayrshire

Question 3

Name this beef cattle breed

A. Holstein
B. Texas Longhorn
C. Brahman
D. Charolais
E. Hereford
F. Angus

Answer 3

E. Hereford

Question 4

And this one ?

A. Holstein-Friesland
B. Texas Longhorn
C. Brahman
D. Charolais
E. Hereford
F. Angus
G. Brown Swiss
H. None of the above

Answer 4

H. None of the above

Question 5

What is the target in dairy farms for lactation length ?

A. 305 days
B. 365 days
C. 205 days
D. 265 days
E. None of the above

Answer 5

A. 305 days

Question 6

And for the dry period ?

A. 10 days
B. 30 days
C. 60 days
D. 80 days
E. 100 days

Answer 6

C. 60 days

2 months

Question 7

What animal would you expect to be more likely to develop a nutrition-related problem such as bloat or acidosis?

A. Steer in Feedlot
B. Steer in Pasture

Answer 7

A. Steer in Feedlot

Question 8

A heifer inseminated on the 15th November 2016 will calve in ____ and will start the dry period in ______.

A. August 2017 and June of the following year
B. May 2017 and May of the following year
C. May 2017 and July of the following year
D. August 2017 and December of the following year

Answer 8

A. August 2017 and June of the following year

Question 9

In a dairy cow and on the first 5 weeks of lactation the fat content of milk ______

A. Increases, unlike milk volume produced
B. Decreases, unlike milk volume produced
C. Increases, like milk volume produced
D. Decreases, like milk volume produced

Answer 9

B. Decreases, unlike milk volume produced

Question 10

In which part of the lactation curve do cows produce the highest amount of milk per day ?

A. 10 weeks
B. 20 weeks
C. 5 weeks
D. 40 weeks
E. Equal throughout lactation

Answer 10

C. 5 weeks

Question 11

What is the normal pH in the rumen of a dairy

Answer 11

None of the above

Note: It is 6.5

Question 12

What would be the most adequate (high quality) forage for high-yeild lactating dairy cow ?

straw
praire grass hay
pg silage
corn silage
pasture

Answer 12

Corn silage

contains 50% grain in a DM basis) 8% is protein, low on minerals (supplementation needed

Question 13

Dairy cow feeding can be divided into 4 different

Answer 13

1 and 2

Question 14

Which phase

Answer 14

1

Question 15

and the lowest ?

1
2
3

Answer 15

3

Question 16

Which animal would have the colostrum with a Higher variety of immunoglobulins

Answer 16

cow at third lactation

Question 17

What should be the BCS at the end of phase one of lactation

A. 2.0 -2.5
B.
C.
D.

Answer 17

A. 2.0-2.5

Question 18

What is the breeding for fall calving ?

A. November - January

Answer 18

A. November - January

Question 19

How would you increase the efficiency of a pasture ?

A. Rotational grazing
B. Use more productive varieties
C. Use the adequate proportion of legumes and grasses
D. Fertilize pastures
E. All of the above
F. None of the above

Answer 19

E. All of the above

Question 20

Calve creep feeding is not advantageous for the adaptation of steers to feedlot finishing

True or False

Answer 20

False

Question 21

To lactating beef cows, generally speaking there is no need to feed mineral blocks

True or False

Answer 21

True and false

Both are accepted

It depends

Question 22

Which metabolic disease is associated to high-altitude?

Answer 22

F. None of the above

Question 23

Which metabolic disease is associated to Se deficiency

Answer 23

white muscle disease

Question 24

Where is Se deficiency more likely to be a problem in a beef cattle herd

Answer 24

Pacifc NW (Washington State)

Question 25

``` Hole stein-Friesland Jersey Brown Swiss Ayrshire Gir Guernsey Milking shorthorn ``` Are examples of?

Answer 25

Dairy cattle breeds

Question 26

Name some important beef breeds:

Answer 26

``` Angus Hereford Highland cattle Shorthorn Charolais Brahman Texas longhorn ```

Question 27

T or F Ultimately all dairy breeds can be used for meat production but yield poor quality meat.

Answer 27

True Ex. Simmentaler/fleckvieh Normande

Question 28

90% of dairy breeds are:

Answer 28

Holstein-Friesland (black and white)

Question 29

This dairy breed cattle is the smallest; good at grazing and can be bull aggressive

Answer 29

Jersey

Question 30

Cow calf ops (a cow herd that produces calves that are raised until one year old) are fed...

Answer 30

On pastures

Question 31

Feedlots are fed...

Answer 31

Roughage [hay] + grain [corn] Diet switches from mostly roughage to 70-90% grain (concentration diet)

Question 32

Dairy cows will produce ________gallons/day on average.

Answer 32

6.5

Question 33

Describe the dairy lactation curve:

Answer 33

Peak lactation (4-10 was) then decreases until drying off Fat and protein content decreases until wk 10 then stabilizes Dry matter intake increases with lactation Body weight and BCS decreases during peak lactation then increases afterwards

Question 34

T or F Milk production is always limited by the genetic (25%) and environmental (75%) component

Answer 34

True

Question 35

In cattle 60-80% of the DM should come from roughage a and the rest from concentrates and/or grain True or false

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Holstein-Friesland

Answer 36

Number 1 dairy cattle breed in the world Black and white 2.5-3.5% milk fat

Question 37

Jersey

Answer 37

2nd most important dairy breed (don't produce as much milk as Holstein) ``` Light fawn to black Small size Good grazing ability Can be nervous and bull aggressive 4.9% milk fat ```

Question 38

Brown Swiss

Answer 38

``` Dairy cattle Gray color Good grazer Docile Heat tolerance 4% milk fat ```

Question 39

Ayrshire

Answer 39

Dairy cattle Brown/red and white Good grazing ability 4% milk fat

Question 40

Angus

Answer 40

``` Beef cattle black, smooth hair Red (recessive gene)- red angus Perform well in feedlots High quality carcass well-marbled meat ```

Question 41

Herfored

Answer 41

``` 2nd most important beef breed High beef yield white faces and red bodies docile and easily handled used in the ranching systems in western US ```

Question 42

Shorthorn/polled shorthorn

Answer 42

Beef origin of 30 other different breeds adaptable

Question 43

Charolais

Answer 43

most important beef breeds in Europe white color, pink skin lean carcass high carcass yield

Question 44

Brahman

Answer 44

``` Beef (aka Zebu) Grey or red heat tolerance quality carcass ability to forage on poor pastures ```

Question 45

Texas Longhorn

Answer 45

``` beef adapted to harsh environments tolerant to diseases and parasites slow maturity can survive on sparse rangelands ```

Question 46

Female calves are kept on artificial milk, weaned at 35-45 days and reared for another 420 days true or false

Answer 46

true

Question 47

Dairy could have a life span of _____yrs but are typically slaughtered at _____months (3-5lactations)

Answer 47

20yrs .... 84mo