Final Exam (Excluding Midterm 1) Flashcards
(54 cards)
Diatia
Arbitration
In private arbitration, the two parties would agree on a judge and had to agree that whatever verdict the judge gave would be final.
In public arbitration, the two parties would go to their magistrate or demarch (head of the deme) and a public arbitrator would be assigned to them. Anyone could watch a public arbitration and the verdict of the arbitrator was not final and the two parties could go to court anyways. When a verdict was made, the arbitrator would give his decision to the tribe judge that assigned him.
What happened in 403/2?
This was the year the Athenian constitution was reaffirmed.
This is also the year in which the 30 tyrants were expelled from Athens.
Paragraphe as a procedure was added to the Athenian constitution
What are Tribe Judges?
Judges within a tribe (there were 10 tribes). They would assign public arbitrators to you. If the dispute was minor, the judge would handle it himself.
Tribe judges only looked after disputes between Athenian citizens. ANy disputes with Metics went to the Polemarch.
Tribe judges also did not look over cases regarding inheritance and orphans, those went to the arkhon.
Who/What were the 40?
The 40 was a group of tribe judges (4 from each tribe) that originally travelled around Attike but later stayed in their own tribe.
What is an Eisangelia?
It is a proclamation to a higher body (like the ekklesia or Boule) against a public servant (someone currently in office).
Can be thought of as an impeachment. Essentially, someone in office did something bad, so someone launches an eisangelia case to get them out.
Could be launched for something bad not necessarily written in the laws (like defacing religious statues)
What is Diamartyria?
A witness (mainly used in inheritance cases)
It is a formal assertion of fact by a witness
What is amnesty, and why did the Athenians do it?
Amnesty literally means “no memory”. It was enacted after the reign of the 30 tyrants and said that people would not be charged for crimes they may have committed under the reign of the 30 or during the revolution. It was meant to be a clean slate.
Oikos
The household
What is Miasma
Miasma is pollution or a stain (not literally). Created when someone dies and the household must be cleaned or purified before being integrated back into the city.
What is Katharsis?
A “sweeping away”. It is a ritual that purifies the household of miasma. It is a religious word with religious aspects.
What happened in 409/8
The Athenians reaffirmed their commitment to Drakon’s homicide laws.
What were the homicide courts in Athens.
The Palladion, Areopagus, Delphinion, and Prytaneion.
What is a prodikasia?
A Pre-trial (used in homicide cases). Used to determine which of the 4 homicide courts would hear the trial.
What kinds of cases were heard in the Palladion?
Unintentional homicide, bouleusis of unintentional homicide, killing a foreigner, and killing a slave.
The Palladion itself was a temple of Athene
What kinds of cases were heard in the Delphinion?
Cases regarding lawful killing. (accidentally killing someone in sports competition, accidentally killing someone (on your own side) in battle, a patient dying under a doctors care, or killing a home intruder/someone who slept with your wife).
The Delphinion was a temple of Apollo
What kinds of cases went to the Areopagos?
Intentional homicide. These are the most serious of homicide cases and the jury would consist of exclusively ex-archons (100-200 men)
What is classified as intentional homicide?
Planning to kill someone, actually killing someone, or someone dying as a result of your actions were all considered intentional homicide.
What is Bouleusis?
The planning of a homicide
What kind of cases were heard in the Prytaneion?
Homicide cases where the killer is unknown or not human. If a tile fell off a roof and killed someone, it would be tried in the Prytaneion.
There was no such thing as a natural death. Something always caused a death and it is the responsibility of the family to find out what.
What was Kerameikos?
The Athenians communal burial ground
What is Liturgy?
Payments made by wealthy Athenians that funded important public aspects of the city. Funding included choruses, festivals, ownership of a trireme, etc.
What is a khoregos?
A chorus producer (another form of liturgy)
What is the Thargelia?
A festival in the early summer in honour of Apollo.
Who is Philokrates?
Philokrates is the brother of the chorister who died in Antiphon 6. He claims the speaker in Antiphon 6 gave his brother a potion which killed him.
