Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuro Drugs Final Exam > Final Exam Mat. > Flashcards

Final Exam Mat. Flashcards

1
Q

Abortive migraine therapy.

5HT1 receptor agonist

A

Sumatriptan (a SUMo wrestler TRIPs ANd falls on your HEAD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

For initial treatment of Parkinson’s disease:

A

Bromocriptine (dopamine agonist): Ropinirole, Pramipexole, Rotigotine are D2 agonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

PD drug, crosses BBB, direct precursor of dopamine, mainstay of treatment

A

L-dopa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

PD drug, peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor, increases bioavailability of L-dopa in brain and limits peripheral side effects (orthostatic htn, nausea)

A

Carbidopa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

PD drug, MAO-B inhibitors in the brain, increases availability of dopamine

A

Selegiline, rasagiline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

PD drug, blocks muscarinic receptors, improves tremor and rigidity in early stages of disease

A

Benztropine, trihexyphenidyl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

PD drug, COMT inhibitor, prevents methylation of L-DOPA by COMT (in periphery)

A

Entacapone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

AD drug, acetylecholinesterase inhibitors

A

Donezpezil, rivastigmine, galantamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

AD drug, NMDA receptor antagonist, may slow progression of disease

A

Memantine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Stimulant, displaces monoamines

A

D-amphetamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Stimulant, inhibits reuptake of NE and DA

A

Methylphenidate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Stimulant, inhibits NE and DA transports, Increases free 5-HT and glutamate, dec. GABA, low abuse potential

A

Modafinil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Seizure type: preservation of consciousness, sensory auras or limited unilateral motor convulsions, 20-60 seconds

A

Simple Partial Seizure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Seizure type: impaired consciousness, automatisms, post-ictal confusion, most common refractory seizure in adults (30s-2min)

A

Complex partial seizure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Seizure type: LOC, major convulsions, tonic spasm, followed by clonic jerking, prolonged post-ictal stupor, 1-2 min

A

Grand mal or Tonic Clonic seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Seizure type: abrupt interruptions of consciousness associated with staring and cessation of activities; lack of poast-ictal abnormalities (less than 30 sec).

A

Absence (petit mal) seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

List the general mechanisms of Anti-seizure drugs:

A

Change ion channels, increase seizure threshold, increase GABA or decrease glutamate and therefore decrease spread of seizure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Seizure med, used for absence seizures, MoA on T-type Ca channels

A

Ethosuximide “Sux to have silent seizures”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the mnemonic for Ethosuximide side effects and what are they?

A

EFGHIJ: Ethosuximide causes Fatigue, GI distress, Headache, Itching, stevens-Johnson syndrome

20
Q

Seizure med, used for tonic clonic, partial, and status epilepticus seizures, increase Na channel inactivation, need to monitor liver

A

Phenytoin

21
Q

What are the more well known side effects of phenytoin?

A

Enlarged gums, hirsuitism, p450, nystagmus, yellow skin, teratogen, interferes with B12 metabolism, osteomalacia, neuropathy, Stevens-Johnson syndrome

22
Q

Seizure med, increase Na channel inactivation, 1st line for trigeminal neuralgia, used for tonic clonic and partial seizures

A

Carbamazepine

23
Q

What are the side effects of Carbamezepine?

A

SIADH (hyponatremia), SJS, diplopia, ataxia, liver toxicity, teratogen

24
Q

Seizure med: increase Na channel inactivation, inc. GABA, 1st line in tonic clonic seizure, can be used to treat all seizures

A

Valproic acid

25
Q

What are the side effects of Valproic acid?

A

Hepatotoxicity (inhibits hepatic enzymes, regular LFTs needed), termor, weight gain, teratogen

26
Q

Seizure med: blocks voltage gated Na channels, may be used for all types of seizures

A

Lamotrigine

27
Q

What are the side effects of Lamotrigine?

A

SJS

28
Q

Anti-psychotic drug: typical, blocks D2 receptors to ameliorate POSITIVE symptoms. May cause tardive dyskinesia, hyperprolactinemia (and orthostatic HTN, weight gain, anticholinergic effects)

A

Haloperidol, chloropromazine

29
Q

Anti-psychotic drug: atypical, blocks D2, S4 and 5HT receptors for POS and NEG symptoms. May cause hyperprolactin at high dose

A

Olanzapine

30
Q

Anti-psychotic: atypical, blocks D4 more than D2, inverse agonist of 5HT, best for relieving symptoms. May cause agranulocytosis (need WBC weekly).

A

Clozapine (must watch CLOZapine CLOZely!)

31
Q

Anti-psychotic: atypical, blocks D2 and 5HT receptors for POS and NEG symptoms, may cause hyperprolactinemia

A

Risperidone

32
Q

Anti-psychotic: atypical, block 5HT more than D2, and also H1 for POS and NEG symptoms. May cause Prolactin side effects.

A

Quetipine, ziprasidone

33
Q

Anti-psychotic: atypical, partial D2 agonist and 5HT

A

Aripiprazole

34
Q

Mnemonic for Atypical antipsychotics:

A

It’s ATYPICAL for OLd CLOSets to QUIETly RISPER from A to Z.

ATYPICAL antipsychotics include: OLanzapine, CLOZapine, QUETIapine, RISPERidone, Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone

35
Q

Sedative med, facilitates GABA(A) action by increasing duration of Cl- channel opening thus dec. neuronal firing, used for anxiety, seizures, insomnia, induction of anesthesia. Side effects include respiratory and CNS depression, drug interactions with cytochrome P450

A

Barbiturates: Phenobarbital, pentobarbital, thiopental, secobarbital

36
Q

Sedative med, facilitates GABA(A) action by increasing frequency of Cl- channel opening, dec. REM sleep, used for anxiety, spasticity, status epilepticus, detox, night terrors, sleep walking, general anesthetic, and as a hypnotic. Side effects include dependence, additive CNS depression effects with alcohol but otherwise low risk of respiratory and CNS depression.

A

Benzodiazepines: Diazepam (Valium), Lorazepam (Ativan), Triazolam, Temazepam, Oxazepam, Midazolam, Chlorodiazepoxide, Alprozolam (Xanax)

37
Q

What is used to treat Benzodiazepine overdose?

A

Flumazenil (competitive antagonist at GABA benzodiazepine receptor).

38
Q

Clinical use of Alprazolam (Xanax)

A

A benzodiazepine used for anxiety

39
Q

Use of clonazepam (Klonopin)

A

A benzodiazepine used for SEIZURES, mania, movement disorders

40
Q

Use of diazepam (Valium)

A

A benzodiazepine used for anxiety, STATUS EPILEPTICUS, muscle relaxation, preanesthetic medication

41
Q

Use of lorazepam (Ativan)

A

A benzodiazepine used for anxiety, STATUS EPILEPTICUS, preanesthetic medication

42
Q

Centrally acting spasmolytic drug, used for spasticity and MSK problems. Adverse effects include sedation and respiratory depression in ALS.

A

Benzodiazepines: Diazepam and Clonazepam

43
Q

Centrally acting spasmolytic drug, GABA(B) receptor agonists that reduces trasmitter release by increasing K+ permeability and inhibiting Ca 2+ influx into nerve terminals. Adverse effects include: drowsiness, inc risk seizures, CNS depression

A

baclofen (Lioresal)

44
Q

Centrally acting spasmolytic drug, central alpha-2 recepotr agonist, increases pre and postsynaptic inhibition of motor neurons. Adverse effects include drowsiness, hypotension, dry mouth, weakness

A

tizanidine (Zanaflex)

45
Q

Direct acting spasmolytic, decreases Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum thereby inhibiting excitation-contraction coupling. Adverse effects include: general muscle weakness, sedation, rare but serious hepatotoxicity. Also used for malignant hyperthermia

A

dantrolene (Dantrium)

Neuro Drugs Final Exam (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions