Final Exam-Old Tests

Question 1

From a herd of 600 American Bison is maintained - over ______ have been dispersed to other ranges or sites.

Answer 1

7,000

Question 2

Waterfowl prices could go from _____ cents to over a dollar a bird.

Answer 2

10

Question 3

“Tragedy of Commons” paper by Garrett Hardin (1968) was based on communal pasture in _________.

Answer 3

Medieval England

Question 4

Gifford Pinchot is the founder of the ______________.

Answer 4

American Society of Foresters

Question 5

Hypothesis or group of hypotheses that have stood up to repeated and thorough testing is called ___________.

Answer 5

Theory

Question 6

Collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular species is __________.

Answer 6

Population

Question 7

Until 1960s, wildlife management was primarily ___________ management

Answer 7

Game

Question 8

____________ hunting is commercial hunting of wildlife and exploit animals as natural resources.

Answer 8

Market

Question 9

National Marine Fisheries is located in Department of ____________.

Answer 9

Commerce

Question 10

President Teddy Roosevelt initiated the _________________ in 1903.

Answer 10

Wildlife Refuge System

Question 11

The use of evidence to construct testable explanations of natural phenomena is _____________.

Answer 11

Science

Question 12

Ramsar Convention 1975 deals with ____________________.

Answer 12

Important migratory waterfowl habitat

Question 13

“Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be converted” is the ________________.

Answer 13

First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 14

In 1937, the US Congress passed the ______________.

Answer 14

Pittman Robinson Act

Question 15

A punt gun is a type of extremely large __________ used in the 19th and early 20th centuries for shooting large numbers of waterfowl for commercial harvesting.

Answer 15

Shotgun

Question 16

____________ development threatens continued species existence.

Answer 16

Economic

Question 17

The state agency responsible for wildlife management in MS is called _______________________.

Answer 17

Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks

Question 18

_________________ is a magic number to ensure the continued presence of wildlife populations.

Answer 18

Minimum viable population

Question 19

____________ populations have a greater chance of going extinct.

Answer 19

Smaller

Question 20

T/F: wildlife management is the application of ecological knowledge to wildlife populations and communities.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

T/F: the passenger pigeon was extinct by 1914.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

T/F: in the past 200 years, higher number of species have become extinct or are threatened with extinction

Answer 22

True

Question 23

T/F: natural selection creates something new (e.g. new species) all the time.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

T/F: currently, habitat fragmentation and degradation are the primary causes of species decline.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

T/F: according to biological species concept, animals are not capable of interbreeding

Answer 25

False

Question 26

T/F: currently, "fish" is also considered as "wildlife" in the US

Answer 26

False

Question 27

T/F: out of the estimated 10 to 100 million insect species globally occurred, only ~2 million have been formally described currently.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

T/F: detoxify and decompose of wastes is not a service provided by earth biological diversity.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

T/F: energy is defined by the physicists is the ability to do work or cause change.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

The author of "There's a Hair in My Dirt" is ________ ____________.

Answer 30

Gary Larson

Question 31

Habitat must contain these three components:

Answer 31

Food Shelter Water

Question 32

Biological nomenclature has how many parts?

Answer 32

2

Question 33

Historically, species decline due to __________ and ___________.

Answer 33

Habitat fragmentation | Habitat degradation

Question 34

An example of a primary producer is

Answer 34

Grass in a Savana

Question 35

American Game Policy proposed a ___-point program designed to blend the interests of the land and landowners, game and hunters, and the public into a feasible means for restoring game as a natural resources.

Answer 35

7

Question 36

Intra-specific competition is a competition ___________ species.

Answer 36

Within

Question 37

The tragedy of the commons is one way of accounting for __________.

Answer 37

Overexploitation

Question 38

Organism's functional role in its environment is called ________.

Answer 38

Niche

Question 39

Unlike other marine mammals, sea otters lack blubber and instead rely solely on their fur for __________.

Answer 39

Insulation

Question 40

The objective of "Integrated Pest Management" is to maximize influence of beneficial _________

Answer 40

Insects

Question 41

Major force creating landscapes is ______________\\

Answer 41

Soil erosion

Question 42

In addition to timber and ecological services, forests frequently include considerable areas of high-quality _____________.

Answer 42

Livestock forage

Question 43

Carrying capacity (k) is dependent on ____________ conditions

Answer 43

Environmental

Question 44

Discrete signals are sent in a _______ manner

Answer 44

Simple

Question 45

________ is the specific environmental setting a species occupies and the functional role it plays in the habitat

Answer 45

Niche

Question 46

More than 80% of the National Park System's 38 million hectors are in __________

Answer 46

Alaska

Question 47

Vegetation evolving in the absence of ___________ animals, lack defenses

Answer 47

Herbivorous

Question 48

A member of one sex within the social group mates with any member of the opposite sex is called

Answer 48

Promiscuity

Question 49

The harvest of pulpwood as a source of paper has increased ______________ since 1950

Answer 49

Threefold

Question 50

Only _____% of the earth's water is freshwater

Answer 50

3

Question 51

Some urban wildlife, such as house mice are ____________ which means they are ecologically associated with humans

Answer 51

Synanthropic

Question 52

Aquatic temperatures fluctuate _________ than terrestrial environments

Answer 52

Less

Question 53

Vegetation usually serves as the link between ________ and animal associations

Answer 53

Soil

Question 54

Ranchers pay fees for the privilege of grazing their livestock in ___________

Answer 54

National forests

Question 55

Productivity of soils has ________ effect on habitat quality

Answer 55

Direct

Question 56

Crops can expose wildlife to ___________________ and, on occasion, to at least one infectious disease

Answer 56

Harmful pesticides

Question 57

The largest single addition to the refuge system occurred in 1980 when more than 21.8 million hectors of land in ___________ became part of federal system

Answer 57

Alaska

Question 58

Circadian rhythms have a period of about ______________

Answer 58

24 hours

Question 59

Eusociality is the _________ level of social organization in a hierarchical classification

Answer 59

Highest

Question 60

T/F: "number of animals per unit area" is productivity

Answer 60

False

Question 61

T/F: the US has more than 298 million hectares of forests, covering 33% of the total land area

Answer 61

True

Question 62

T/F: ethology is the scientific study of animal behavior, and a sub-topic of zoology

Answer 62

True

Question 63

T/F: some species of wildlife are adapted to certain kinds of soils, others are more generalized

Answer 63

True

Question 64

T/F: global consumption of wood is ~3.9 cubic m/person/year

Answer 64

False

Question 65

T/F: Yellowstone was the world's first national park, established by the US Government in 1979

Answer 65

False

Question 66

T/F: water is densest at 4 degrees C and freezes at 0 degrees C

Answer 66

True

Question 67

Currently, 80% of farms loosing soil faster than maximum sustainable rate

Answer 67

True

Question 68

T/F: game is any animal hunted for food and is normally domesticated

Answer 68

False

Question 69

T/F: many animals are adaptable than supposed to some form of association with dense human habitation

Answer 69

True

Question 70

At present, ______________ includes conflicting recommendations from forest managers, game managers, and nongame managers

Answer 70

Forest management

Question 71

Species distribution limited by soil ____________

Answer 71

Texture

Question 72

Point at which the population has the highest growth potential is called ______________________

Answer 72

Maximum sustained yield

Question 73

Forestland is defined by the US Forest Service as land which at least _____% covered by forest trees of any sizes

Answer 73

10

Question 74

All interactions that transmit information between animals are ______________

Answer 74

Communication

Question 75

The switch from horse to tractor-drawn machinery produced other effects on _____________ besides clean farming

Answer 75

Wildlife

Question 76

More than 60% of the elk in the _________________ region find food, cover, and shelter in national forests

Answer 76

Rocky Mountain

Question 77

An immigrant from Scotland, John Muir, established _________________ in 1892

Answer 77

Sierra Club

Question 78

US Congress passed the Wilderness Act of 1964 to __________ primitive areas in their natural state

Answer 78

Protect

Question 79

_____________ is an area that an animal of a particular species consistently defends against cospecifics

Answer 79

Territory

Question 80

Aldo Leopoldo is regarded as the "father" of _________

Answer 80

Wildlife