Final Exam Overview Flashcards
(137 cards)
1
Q
Cats
What does tail wagging mean?
A
Irritation
2
Q
Cats
How do you begin restraint?
A
Begin with minimal restraint.
3
Q
Cats
What are some signs of attack?
A
- ears down
- hissing
- growling
- tail lashing
4
Q
Cats
Where is, and how do you draw from the cephalic vein?
A
It is located medial front. Place the cat in sternal restraint.
5
Q
Cats
How do you restrain for jugular draw?
A
Sternal restraint.
6
Q
Cats
Cat gloves do not protect from?
A
Bites!!
7
Q
Dogs
What are the signs of aggression?
A
- head low
- growling
- hair raised up
8
Q
Dogs
What is it called when a dog in a normally friendly dog gets mean when placed in a cage?
A
Cage Aggression
9
Q
Dogs
What should you avoid when lifting a dog?
A
Lifting with your back!
10
Q
Dogs
How do you restrain for cephalic draw?
A
Sternal or standing.
11
Q
Dogs
How do you restrain for lateral saphenous?
A
Lateral recumbency.
12
Q
Dogs
What does a muzzle do?
A
- takes the fight out of the dog.
- can get it off w/paw if the wrong size.
- only use for a short time.
- does NOT obstruct breathing.
13
Q
Cattle
Order
A
Artiodactyla
14
Q
Cattle
Family
A
Bovidae
15
Q
Cattle
They are?
A
Ruminants
16
Q
Cattle
What is a ruminant?
A
Any animals that have stomachs consisting of four compartments, the largest of which is the rumen.
17
Q
Cattle
Bovine
A
A member of the family Bovidae.
18
Q
Cattle
Cow
A
A female bovine.
19
Q
Cattle
Bull
A
A male bovine.
20
Q
Cattle
Calf
A
Young bovine; <1 year of age.
21
Q
Cattle
Heifer
A
A female bovine that has not given birth to a calf. The term is sometimes used to denote females until their second calving (first calf heifer).
22
Q
Cattle
Ox
A
A mature, castrated male bovine reared for meat production or for pulling.
23
Q
Cattle
Freshen
A
To calve and thereby begin a new lactation period. A fresh cos has recently calved and is actively lactating.
24
Q
Cattle
Polled Breeds
A
Animals that lack horns through special breeding.
25
Cattle
| Milking Parlor
A room in a dairy barn where cows are milked.
26
Cattle
| Open Herd
A farm where animals are routinely added to the herd from outside sources.
27
Cattle
| Closed Herd
A farm that raises their own replacement heifers from within the current herd.
28
Cattle
| Cull
To removed diseased or unproductive animals from the herd via slaughter or euthanasia.
29
Cattle
| How do you approach cattle?
From behind.
30
Cattle
| What is a magnet used for?
It ends up in the rumen and is for hardware disease.
31
Cattle
| How do you restrain beef cattle?
In a chute, have side panels.
32
Cattle
| Do you stand close or far away?
Stand closer for less impact if they kick.
33
Cattle
| How do you restrain dairy cattle?
In stanchions or a rope halter for the head.
34
Cattle
| What are nose tongs?
Used to distract, usually beef cattle.
35
Cattle
| What do bulls have?
A permanent nose ring.
36
Cattle
| What is flanking?
Restrain calves.
37
Goats
| Do they have heard instincts.
No, they do not.
38
Goats
| How are the lead?
By their collars.
39
Goats
| Do they bite?
They do not usually bite.
40
Goats
| How do you handle them?
Like companion animals.
41
Goats
| Do you rump them?
No, they do not like being rumped.
42
Goats
| How do you restrain them?
- stanchions
- collars
- straddle
- prefer flanking to rumping
43
Goats
| Doe
Mature female.
44
Goats
| Buck
Mature male.
45
Goats
| Kid
Juvenile male or female.
46
Goats
| Wether
Castrated male.
47
Goats
| How do you move them?
By moving the head goat into the area, the rest will follow.
48
Goats
| Can you pin them against a wall?
Yes, using your legs.
49
Sheep
| Ewe
Mature female.
50
Sheep
| Ram
Mature male.
51
Sheep
| Lamb
Juvenile sheep.
52
Sheep
| Wether
Castrated male.
53
Sheep
| How are they restrained?
- rumping
- chute
- halter
- tie
54
Sheep
| What kind of animals are they?
Ruminant herbivores.
55
Sheep
| What is their field of vision like?
Wide, about 270 degrees.
56
Sheep
| How are they with noise?
They are sensitive to noise.
57
Sheep
| What happens when they are angry?
They will butt their head and stomp feet.
58
Swine
| Boar
Adult, intact male.
59
Swine
| Barrow
Castrated male pig.
60
Swine
| Sow
Female pig, >15 months old that has had one or more litters.
61
Swine
| Gilt
Female pig, <15 months old that has had one or fewer litters.
62
Swine
| Piglet
Baby pig.
63
Swine
| Are they intelligent?
Most intelligent of farm animals, easily trained.
64
Swine
| What happens when they panic?
They will try to escape by any means necessary!
65
Swine
| What are their groups like?
They establish a strict pecking order.
66
Swine
| Do they like to be handled?
No, they do not like to be handled.
67
Swine
| What can you do to entice them into an enclosure?
Leave a trail of food to entice them.
68
Swine
| How can you hold small pigs?
You can hold them up by their hind feet.
69
Swine
| Pet vs Production
Are NOT handled the same way.
70
Swine
| How is their eyesight?
Poor
71
Swine
| What can stress cause?
Hypothermia (temp increase)
72
Swine
| What will they do if a herd mate is in distress?
Come to the rescue.
73
Swine
| Do they bite?
YES
74
Swine
| What is a pig board?
Barrier to move them in the direction you want.
75
Swine
| What is a hog snare?
Similar to a rabies pole.
76
Equine
| Foal
A baby horse.
77
Equine
| Weanling
A horse that has been weaned from dam, but is not yet a year old.
78
Equine
| Yearling
A horse that is one year old. Racehorses are considered yearling on January 1st after they were born.
79
Equine
| Colt
Full intact juvenile male horse.
80
Equine
| Filly
Juvenile female horse.
81
Equine
| Stallion
Intact adult male horse.
82
Equine
| Sire
Father
83
Equine
| Dam
Mother
84
Equine
| Gelding
Castrated male horse.
85
Equine
| Mare
Adult female horse.
86
Equine
| Broodmare
A mare used for breeding.
87
Equine
| Hand
Used to measure height. One hand is 4".
88
Equine
| Horse
An equine measuring 14.2 hands or higher.
89
Equine
| Pony
An equine measuring less than 14.2 hands.
90
Equine
| Poll
A bony prominence between the ears.
91
Equine
| Forelock
The hair covering the forehead.
92
Equine
| Crest
The top of the neck where the mane attaches.
93
Equine
| Withers
A prominent ridge where the neck and back join and where the height of the horse is measured (withers to ground).
94
Equine
| Sock
White extending to mid cannon bone.
95
Equine
| Star
White mark on the forehead, variable in size.
96
Equine
| Snip
White mark at the end of the nose between the nostrils.
97
Equine
| Blaze
Extensive white covering most of the forehead, between the eyes, over the entire width of the nasal bones, as well as the area between the nostrils.
98
Equine
| Bald Faced
White covering most of the front surface of the head extending up or around the eyes or nostrils, including most of the upper lip.
99
Equine
| Heat Brand
A brand that results in a dark mark of identification in the form of scarred skin.
100
Equine
| Freeze Brand
Branding with liquid nitrogen that usually results in re-growth of white hair.
101
Equine
| Tattoo
Usually located on the underside of the lip; used for identification, particularly in thoroughbreds.
102
Equine
| What should you not do with a halter?
Leave a horse unattended with one one.
103
Equine
| How do you lead a horse?
With a lead rope.
104
Equine
| What is the left side of a horse called?
Near side.
105
Equine
| What is the right side of a horse called?
Off / far side.
106
Equine
| Grooming Tools
- hoof picks
- curry comb
- hard and soft brushes
- mane combs
- sweat scrapers
- shedding blades
107
Equine
| When is picking feet more important?
When the horse is wearing shoes.
108
Equine
| What is the temperament usually like?
They are usually more docile.
109
Equine
| What is their memory like?
They do have a good memory.
| -Bad experience can = bad behavior in the future.
110
Equine
| Sedation can be?
Necessary.
111
Equine
| Where can a shank go?
- over the nose
- over the lip
- in the mouth
112
Equine
| They respond better to?
Short, sharp tugs.
113
Equine
| When is the shank most often used in the mouth?
When breeding in the stallion.
114
Equine
| What can a twitch be?
- rope or chain
- humane
- hand
115
Equine
| What is the definition of twitch?
Holding or twisting part of the horses body.
116
Equine
| What can a twitch do?
It can have an instant calming effect.
117
Equine
| What can a chain damage?
The oral mucosa if used improperly.
118
Equine
| An ear twitch is more commonly used?
With small, squirmy babies.
119
Equine
| You can hold up a foot to?
Keep them from moving.
120
Equine
| What are stocks used for?
Primarily reproductive work.
121
Equine
| Hobbles are put on?
Mares during live breeding.
122
Equine
| Family and who does it include?
Equidae
- Horses
- Zebra
- Asses (domestic donkey)
- Mule (donkey + mare)
123
Equine
| How many wild species are there and where?
Only one in China, others are feral.
124
Equine
| Light Horses
```
Light Horses: Descendents of the Arabian horse. Small, fine boned, considered “hot blooded” for their excitable temperament. Bred for speed, endurance, and agility. Commonly used for pleasure and show riding, racing, and transportation. A few examples include:
o Thoroughbred
o Standard bred
o Arabian
o Quarter Horse
```
125
Equine
| Draft
Drafts: Descendents of the Forest Horse. Large, heavily boned and muscled, considered “cold blooded” for their calm, stoic temperaments. Bred for size and strength. Commonly used as pulling horses. Amish people still do all of their farm work u sing draft horses or draft mules for pulling. A few examples include:
o Belgian
o Clydesdale
o Percheron
126
Equine
| Warm Blood
Warm Bloods: Breeds that descend from a cross between hot- and cold- blooded horses. Bred to be riding horses with greater size, strength, and calmer temperament than the typical thoroughbred or Arabian. Very popular in dressage, show jumping and combined training. A few examples include:
o Hanoverian
o Trakehner
o Oldenburg
o Dutch Warm blood (many countries, especially in Europe, will have their own native bred warm blood)
127
Equine
| Pony Breeds
Pony Breeds: Ponies are less than 14.2 hands tall. They are commonly used as riding horses for children. A few examples include:
o Welsh
o Shetland
128
Equine
| Black
Body, head, limbs, mane, and tail are all black.
129
Equine
| Brown
Body color is brown; mane, tail, and lower limbs are black.
130
Equine
| Grey
The foal is born as one of the above colors, but becomes quickly whiter with age. Horses with brown or red hairs interspersed on white are called “flea bitten” grays. Dappling (a circular type pattern of darker hairs over lighter colored hairs) is common in gray horses.
131
Equine
| Chestnut
Body color ranges from a light golden red to a brown-red color (liver chestnut). The legs, mane and tail may be a shade lighter or darker than the body color but are never black.
132
Equine
| Bay
Body color is a red brown; mane tail and lower limbs are black.
133
Equine
| Roan
Any of the above colors predominates but lots of white hairs on the body. They are commonly referred to as strawberry (chestnut) roans, blue (black) roans, and brown roans.
134
Equine
| Dun
Body color ranges from light yellow to darker brown. Mane, tail and lower limbs are black. There is a black dorsal stripe.
135
Equine
| Paint
Also a breed of horse carrying similar genetics to Quarter Horses. Body has large irregular patches of white over any base color. Also called pinto or pied.
136
Equine
| Palomino
Cream-gold colored body with a light colored mane and tail.
137
Equine
| Appaloosa
Also a breed of horse carrying similar genetics to Quarter Horse. Spotted horses. Spots may be extensive. For example, a leopard appaloosa is a white horse covered in varying sizes of colored spots, or less extensive in horses of any base color, with spots over the hindquarters and top line.
