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final exam reverse cards Flashcards

(88 cards)

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1
Q

inflexible pattern of inner experience and outward behavior

A

what is a personality disorder

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1
Q

odd or eccentric, unusual behavior
Paranoid PD
Schizoid PD

A

Cluster A PD

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2
Q

irrational suspicions and mistrust of others

A

paranoid PD

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3
Q

lack of interest in social relationships, anhedonia, introspection, emotional coldness and detachment

A

schizoid PD

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4
Q

dramatic, emotional, erratic
antisocial PD
borderline PD
histrionic PD
narcissistic PD

A

Cluster B PD

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5
Q

pervasive disregard for the rights of others, lack of empathy, and a pattern of regular criminal activity

A

antisocial PD

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6
Q

extreme black and white thinking; instability in relationships, self-image, identity; behavior often leading to self-harm and impulsivity

A

borderline PD

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7
Q

pervasive attention-seeking behavior including inappropriately seductive behavior and shallow or exaggerated emotions

A

histrionic PD

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8
Q

grandiose, need for admiration, self-important, preoccupied with belief that they are special, sense of entitlement, need for admiration, arrogant

A

narcissistic PD

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9
Q

fragile & unstable self-esteem
caused by parental abuse; intrusive, controlling, cold parenting

A

vulnerable narcissistic PD

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10
Q

overestimate own abilities, underestimate others; sense of entitlement
caused by parent overvaluation

A

grandiose narcissistic PD

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11
Q

anxious and fearful
avoidant PD
dependent PD
obsessive-compulsive PD

A

Cluster C PD

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12
Q

social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation and avoidance of social interaction

A

avoidant PD

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13
Q

pervasive psychological dependence on other people

A

dependent PD

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14
Q

rigid conformity to rules and moral codes; excessive orderliness (comorbidity with OCD only 20%)

A

obsessive-compulsive PD

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15
Q

teens, early adulthood
75% comorbidity, 85% another PD
9-13% of US adults

A

course of PD

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16
Q

temperament & big five traits
genetics
disturbed parent-child attachment
parental psychopathology
ineffective parenting
abuse

A

contributory factors to PD

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17
Q

relief from negative emotions
communicate distress
self-punishment
to feel something

A

non-suicidal self injury

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18
Q

genetics
low serotonin
high norepinephrine
brain abnormalities (frontal lobe, hippocamp, amyg)
childhood abuse, neglect
parental psychopathology

A

causal factors of borderline PD

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19
Q

DBT
medications mildly beneficial

A

treatment of borderline PD

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20
Q

ASPD behaviors + interpersonal and affective traits: cunningness, coldness, inability to have empathy

A

psychopathy

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21
Q

gene-enviro: mono oxi-A gene & childhood adversity
moderate heritability
deficient behavioral inhibition system
overactive behavioral activation system
emotional deficits

A

causal factors of antisocial behaviors

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22
Q

prevention for ASPD and psychopathy

A

fast track project

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23
Q

impaired control
social impairment
risky use
pharmacological
mild: 2-3
moderate: 4-5
severe: 6+

A

addiction symptom categories

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24
taken longer than intended unsuccessful efforts to control use great deal of time spent cravings
impaired control
25
failure to fulfill major role obligations continued use despite social problems activities given up to use
social impairment
26
recurrent use in hazardous situations continued despite knowing a problem has been caused by it
risky use
27
tolerance withdrawal
pharmacological
28
sweating, high pulse hand tremors insomnia nausea or vomiting psychomotor agitation anxiety
diagnosing alcohol withdrawal
29
injury crime relationship deterioration occupational problems financial strain
risks of alcohol use disorder
30
low levels: suppresses inhibitory parts of brain, stimulates pleasure centers high levels: inhibits glutamine, lower brain activital, lower respiratio
alcohol has stimulant + depressant properties
31
weight gain/malnutrition reduced life span (12 years) brain shrinkage sleep distruption
physical effects of chronic alcohol use
32
genetics physiology environment behavior
what impact alcohol use
33
drinking to relax expectations about pros and cons lack of social support sociocultural factors
what impacts problematic alcohol use
34
multidisciplinary approach: group therapy, motivational interviewing, virtual reality, medication
treatment of alcohol use disorder
35
stimulants depressants hallucinogens
substance use disorder
36
amphetamines cocaine caffeine nicotine weed
stimulants
37
xanax alcohol opium codeine heroin weed
depressants
38
LSD ketamine weed
hallucinogens
39
outcomes are better when people are taught to expect relapse due to: cues, withdrawal symptoms, anhedonia, coping
relapse and addiction
40
suppresses anxiety in stressed communities, lower education, target of tobacco companies
why lower SES = higher smoking rates
41
nicotine replacement therapy plus CBT
treating nicotine addiction
42
emotional dysregulation, low-stress tolerance, rebellious, thrill-seeking, superstitious, antisocial, compulsive
gambling disorder symptoms
43
operant conditioning (variable ratio schedule or reinforcement) rationalizations and misunderstandings
etiology of gambling disorder
44
CBT
treating gambling disorder
45
deficits in language, perceptual and motor development, reality testing, social functioning
autism-spectrum disorder
46
show little or no need for affection, may not seem to know or care who parents are, inability to take other people's perspectives
social characteristics of autism
47
speech is sometimes present, often not echolalia may occur
language characteristics of autism
48
hand flapping, spinning, rocking self-injurious behaviors odd body postures, clenching hyper or hypo sensitivity to sensory input
motor features of autism
49
usually impairment (with exceptions) difficulty with symbolic motor and visual tasks assessment challenges
intellectual ability of autism
50
insistence on routine, rituals hyper-focused on object, upset if taken away
sameness in autism
51
genes CNS damage prenatal development advanced paternal age
risks for autism
52
intensive behavior therapy (most hours spent in teaching)
support for autism
53
impulsivity, excessive motor activity, trouble sustaining attention, highly distractable, often over-talkative, socially immature relative to peers, intrusive
ADHD symptoms
54
trouble getting alone with parents viewed negatively by peers struggle in school
clinical picture of ADHD
55
slightly smaller brain volume slower brain maturation brain processes that disinhibit child's behavior (frontal lobe) highly heritable
etiology of ADHD
56
medication family therapy behavior therapy techniques
ADHD treatment
57
angry/irritable, negative, defiant, disobedient, hostile behavior towards authority subtypes: angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, vindictiveness
oppositional defiant disorder
58
inconsistent discipline harsh discipline parents not able to guide or supervise child
risk factors to ODD
59
persistent, repetitive rule violation; disregard others' rights lying, stealing, aggression, vengefulness, destructiveness, truancy, running away
conduct disorder
60
high heritability aggression, poor social skills, disobedience ineffective parenting low SES
etiology of conduct disorder
61
cohesive family model (parenting skills, disciplinary consistency, attend to and reinforce positive behavior instead of negative)
treatment of conduct disorder
62
excessive anxiety about separation from attachment figures and familiar home surroundings
separation anxiety disorder
63
normally capable of speech but cannot speak in specific situations or to specific people
selective mutism
64
social and cultural factors temperament life events overanxious/overprotective parents indifferent, detached, or rejecting parents exposure to violence
etiology of childhood anxiety
65
medication, CBT, play therapy, parent training
treating childhood anxiety
66
irritability usually instead of depressed mood
childhood depression
67
parental depression early trauma and severe stress cognitive style/ruminative coping
etiology of childhood depression
68
antidepressants, CBT, play therapy
treatment of childhood depression
69
challenges: some symptoms developmentally appropriate, symptoms overlap with other diagnoses, tough diagnosis to shake problems: diagnosed more frequently is US, more in BIPOC kids
childhood bipolar disorder
70
delayed development in specific area not motivational, not due to a known physical or neurological defect
learning disorders
71
word recognition, reading comprehension misspelling (phoneticized, reversals) reading: slow; omit, add, distort words
dyslexia
72
genes, medical issues, enviro, nervous system impairments
etiology of dyslexia
73
accommodations help
treatment of dyslexia
74
deficits in general mental abilities before age 18e
intellectual disability
75
genes and chromosomes, infections and toxins, physical injury at birth, radiation, malnutrition
etiology of intellectual disability
76
trisomy of chromosome 21 biggest deficits in verbal + language skills problems managing life tasks health problems, shortened life span, accelerated aging
down syndrome
77
children can learn self-help skills inclusive classroom settings
helping down syndrome
78
evidence of cognitive decline from a previous level of performance: attention, language, memory, learning, cognition
symptoms of major neurocognitive disorder
79
some treatable: medications, depression, b12, alcoholism, tumors, imbalances others: alzheimer's, stroke, parkinson's
etiology of major neurocognitive disorder
80
physical profile, psychological problems, cognitive deficits, loss of dopamine-producing cells
parkinson's
81
meds that increase availability of dopamine, deep brain stimulation, stem cell treatment
treatment of parkinson's
82
death in 10-20 years, no treatment, caused by huntingtin gene on chromosome 4
huntington's disease
83
slow, progressive deterioration memory for recent events disorientation, poor judgment, hygiene neglect, empty speech, wandering
alzheimer's
84
doubles every 5 years after age 40, African American, more common in women smoker, less education, lower SES, head trauma, APOE-E4 allele
risk factors of alzheimer's
85
physical activity and healthy diet sufficient sleep cognitive activity and stimulating environment
protective factors of alzheimer's
86
amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, brain atrophy
how alzheimer's impacts brain
87
medications that increase acetylcholine, behavioral treatments, caregiver support interventions
treatment of alzheimer's

diagnoses (4 decks)

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