final exam review Flashcards by Sydney Luella

1st century movements of thought in relation to Christ

Docetists
Gnostics
Adoptionism - Ebionites

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

2-3rd century movements of thought in relation to Christ

Theodotus of Byzantium
Artemon
Paul of Samosata
Lucian of Antioch
Arius

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is the Tertullian definition of person?

rational individual

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is the Tertullian definition of nature?

principle (source) of operation and activity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Nicean creed in 325 AD defined…
1. Christ is __________ with the Father (ie He is truly _____ in the _____ sense)
2. The second divine Person proceeds fromt he first by __________ (_______________); _____ not metaphorical Son

homoousios, God, full
true generation (an eternal begetting); literal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Summary of the Nicene Dogma: ___________________

Jesus Christ is truly God the Son

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Problem: “homo” – “same”:
a. similar (“homoi”)
b. numerically identical (“one and the same”)

Resolution: homoousios = ___________________________

the Father and Son have “one and the
same” (i.e., numerically identical) divine nature

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What was Apollonaris’s (mistaken) conclusion?

There is only one nature in Christ (protomonophysitism)

This one nature is divine according to Apollonaris

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What was Apollonaris assertion?

Jesus lacks a human nature and will

Therefore, Jesus is the divine Logos who assumed human flesh
(sarx) and a non-rational soul (like an animal soul)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Apollinaris was __________ by Pope St. Damasus, Roman Synod (377 AD)

-His decision was ratified by the Synods of Alexandria (378 AD), Antioch (379 AD), and by the
Ecumenical Council of Constantinople I (381 AD).

excommunicated

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what types of metaphysical unions are there?

Accidental
Substantial
Hypostatic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Accidental union
A. _____________ united to a _________
B. _____________________ united by a ________

A. an accident united to a substance
B. two or more substances united by a shared accident

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Substantial union: ____________________-

essential parts united to form a whole substance

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hypostatic union: __________________

Natures united in one individual (or person)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Apollinarius thought the Logos partook in a _______ type of union

substantial

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Nestorius thought the Logos partook in a _______ type of union

accidental (second kind–two or more substances united by a shared accident)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the Christological question?

-How was the Word, truly God, also a man?
-What kind of union is there in Christ between his divine and human nature?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Theodore of Mopsuestia (350-428 AD) thought the _________________________

The Logos dwelt in the human person Jesus as in a temple

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

_____________________ thought The Logos dwelt in the human person Jesus as in a temple

Theodore of Mopsuestia (350-428 AD)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

St. Cyril of Alexandria uses the word “physis” to mean ____________

person (don’t be confused)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

For Cyril, the humanity of Christ is not an individual
independent of the Logos; rather, his humanity is ___________________________

drawn into the pre-
existing eternal individuality of the Logos.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

5 Summary points from the council of Ephesus’ 12 anathemas

Christ is only one subject (hypostasis): God the Son
“Theotokos”: Mary is truly the Mother of God
Christ’s flesh in the Eucharist is life-giving
Christ is to be worshiped with one adoration: Iatria
Communication of Idioms: both the divine and human actions of Christ are to be attributed to the Person of the Logos

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Christ is to be worshiped with one adoration: __________

Latria

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Summary phrase from Council of Ephesus

Jesus Christ is indivisibly one Divine person in both natures (divine and human)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Summary of Constantinople I (in its affirmation of Appolinaris’ condemnation):

Jesus Christ is (i.e., completely and fully) human.

Summary of Nicea:

Jesus Christ is truly God the Son

true/false: Jesus is not a human person but truly a human

true Jesus is an individual, but not a human individual but a divine individual

For St. Cyril, what makes one rational?

intellect and will

For St. Cyril, what makes one individual?

incommunicability (Greek --> something idiomatic) For humans: x (“this” body) For God: subsistent relations

Eutyches was one who also believed in ________

monophysitism (there was one nature in Christ), Christ's nature is different than ours He misunderstood St. Cyril's assertions

monophysitism states that ____________

(there was one nature in Christ)

The “Tome of Leo” (Pope Leo the Great, letter 28):

1. Jesus Christ is one Person, God the Son 2. Two natures, divine and human, exist in that Person without confusion or mixture 3. Each nature has its own powers and operations even though these are not exercised independently of each other or of the union 4. Affirmation of the communication of idioms

Pope Leo the Great asserts against _______ that the human nature is not _________ with divine nature (they are ________)

Eutyches, mixed/confused, distinct

Summary of Chalcedon:

There are two DISTINCT but united natures, human and divine, in the one Person of God the Logos.

what does the heresy of monothelism assert?

There’s only one will in Christ, the divine will.

What is St. Thomas Aquinas' overall thesis regarding the Christological question?

The union of the Incarnation took place in the Person of God the Logos.

Summa Question: A1: “Whether the union of the Incarnate Word took place in the nature?”

No, nature = the essence

Eutchyes thought the Logos was a ________. This was incorrect

mixture of substances (no)

Summa Question: A2: “Whether the union of Incarnate Word took place in the Person?”

Yes, Nature = essence, what a thing is

Suppositum = ___________

concrete individual, a "who"

According to St. Thomas, "The nature and the suppositum __________.”

really differ

Summa Question: A3: “Whether the union of the Word Incarnate took place in the suppositum or hypostasis?

Yes

Summa Question A4: “Whether after Incarnation the Person or Hypostasis of Christ is composite?”

No and yes, but in different respects. No: Simply speaking, the Person of Christ is God the Son, the Word. Yes: Insofar as the Person of God the Son subsists in two natures, it can be said – with caution – that He is a “composite person” because (after the Incarnation) He subsists in two natures: Divine and human.

It is a heresy to say that there are ____ hypostases or supposita in Christ.

Two There is only one (hypostasis, suppositum, or person) in Christ: God the Son

Summa Question: A5: “Whether in Christ there is any union of soul and body?”

Yes Yes, because He is true man, which requires that the human soul be the form of the body

Summa Question A6: “Whether the human nature was united to the Word of God accidentally?”

Summa Question A6: _______________ destroy both natures by asserting a mixture or combination of both

Apollinaris and Eutyches

Summa Question A6: _______ divides Christ into two persons

Nestorius

Summa Question A6: _________: two complete and unmixed natures united – not separated – in one Divine Person. (the ____ between Nestorius and Apollinaris/Eutyches)

The Church, mean (middle)

how we are estranged from God by the will

subject to malice

how we are estranged from God by the intellect

subject to ignorance and error

how we are estranged from God by the soul

conceived without supernatural grace

why can't we forgive ourselves?

1. the nature of forgiveness 2. the power to have supernatural life Thus, we need a Mediator

the hypostatic union = the _________ ground of Christ’s _________________

metaphysical, salvific mediation

How is Christ the Way?

Kingly (pastoral) office

How is Christ the Truth?

Prophetic (teaching) office

How is Christ the Life?

Priestly office

What are Christ's 3 offices?

Kingly (Pastoral) Prophetic (Teaching) Priestly

What are the 3 ways that Christ exercises His kingship?

By governing: legislative, judicial, executive

two types of Christ's human knowledge

acquired, infused

Acts of Christ as priest

sacrifice

Acts of Christ as prophet

teaching (words and deeds)

Acts of Christ as King

governing/ruling

Features of Christ's priesthood

1. Called by God the Father 2. Melchizedekian 3. Perfect priest and victim

_________ makes Christ the mediator (priest)

the hypostatic union

It is by ___________ that he merits salvation for us; and he sanctifies us (as priest) by his ____________ both come to Christ in virtue of the hypostatic union

habitual grace, capital grace

Holiness: 1. involves participation in the _________ 2. confers divine _________ 3. makes one ________ to God

divine nature filiation pleasing

In His divinity, Christ is _____________; in His humanity, Christ's holiness is constituted by a _________

infinitely holy, triple grace (grace of union, habitual grace, capital grace)

what all is involved in a triple grace?

grace of union, habitual grace, capital grace

The hypostatic union viewed as a gift of grace to the humanity of Jesus.

Grace of union

The essential modification of the human soul by which one possesses a real, metaphysical share in the divine nature. By this gift, one’s nature, powers, and acts are elevated to the supernatural

habitual grace (in us, this is sanctifying grace)

Habitual grace in Christ is ___________ in us

sanctifying grace

The grace by which Jesus Christ, in His humanity, is the Supernatural Head of the human race.

capital grace

By _____________ Christ is the source and cause of all graces men receive

capital grace

By Christ's death, the hypostatic union (was/was not) dissolved

was not

__________ is the center point of apostolic teaching

resurrection of Christ

Christ's ascension is an ___________ of our salvation

efficient cause

Council of Nicea puts down: ____________

Arianism

Constantinople is in response to _______________

affirmation of Apollinaris' condemnation

__________ names of each nature must be predicated of each other and must not be denied of each other

concrete

_________ names of the natures must not be predicated of each other

abstract

final exam review Flashcards

(81 cards)