Final Exam Review

Question 1

Coriolis Cell

Answer 1

is not one of the convectional currents; the earth’s rotation causes fluids to be deflected as they move across the planet’s surface

Question 2

Know what causes ocean currents:

Answer 2

differences in salinity, wind, temperature differences

Question 3

Continental Shelf-

Answer 3

contains mineral deposits, large réservoirs of petroleum and natural gas, sand and gravel deposits

Question 4

Continental Slope-

Answer 4

the gently sloping submerged surface extending from the shoreline toward the deep ocean basin

Question 5

Continental Rise-

Answer 5

a gently sloping depositional surface at the base of the continental slope

Question 6

Oceanic Ridges-

Answer 6

extending across some 65,000 km of the deep ocean basin are continuous mountainous features

Question 7

The littoral zone

Answer 7

is not a zone in the ocean

Question 8

In the deep depths of the ocean the most important way to communicate is through

Answer 8

bioluminescence

Question 9

How do scientists figure the age of a fish?

Answer 9

count the rings in bones

Question 10

Know the factors that contribute to rapid decrease in populations of orange roughly in oceans-

Answer 10

slow reproduction rate and over fishing

Question 11

Why do some cultures kill sharks by the thousands?

Answer 11

fins

Question 12

Pacific Ocean

Answer 12

contains 1/2 the world’s water, deepest ocean, “Ring of Fire”- surrounding the Pacific Ocean and subduction zones

Question 13

Atlantic Ocean

Answer 13

Mississippi River discharges into the is ocean, The Gulf of Mexico is part of this ocean, narrowest ocean

Question 14

Indian Ocean

Answer 14

three major rivers of Asia discharge into this ocean, the first ocean to be explored

Question 15

Arctic Ocean

Answer 15

the shallowest ocean, the arctic continent is an ice sheet that floats on the Arctic Ocean

Question 16

Antarctic Ocean

Answer 16

often called the Southern Ocean

Question 17

Know the main products of photosynthesis:

Answer 17

sugars and oxygen

Question 18

Plankton-

Answer 18

most of the organic material in the ocean is made up of

Question 19

Reason phytoplankton is found in photic zone:

Answer 19

-they need sunlight for photosynthesis

Question 20

How does plankton control their position in the sea?

Answer 20

air filled floats, producing oil, spikes or other projections

Question 21

What are surface currents?

Answer 21

currents carry nutrients to the surface where they are used by diatoms and other marine plants called upwelling

Question 22

Temporary plankton, such as eggs and larva are known as

Answer 22

megaplankton

Question 23

Know the barriers that limits migration:

Answer 23

precipitation

Question 24

Are sharks found in freshwater?

Answer 24

yes

Question 25

The dorsal fin is on top of the shark that is visible

Answer 25

above the water

Question 26

What is the largest organ in the shark's body

Answer 26

liver

Question 27

What organ does a shark have if it is a male?

Answer 27

claspers

Question 28

How do dogfish sharks school

Answer 28

by age and sex

Question 29

What is the function of rugae?

Answer 29

structure inside of the stomach that help mix and churn food

Question 30

Know what ichthyology is

Answer 30

study of sharks

Question 31

Know which sharks are extinct

Answer 31

megalodon

Question 32

Know the term for a baby shark

Answer 32

pup

Question 33

Know all the shark myths or facts

Answer 33

*need to find

Question 34

Know the different types of sea turtles

Answer 34

hawksbill, loggerhead, leatherback

Question 35

What do sea turtles use to aid in navigation?

Answer 35

earth's magnetic field

Question 36

Where do corals construct reefs?

Answer 36

in tropical waters

Question 37

What is a coral's shelter called

Answer 37

coralite

Question 38

What is a coral's skeleton made out of?

Answer 38

calcium carbonate

Question 39

What is the function of the tentacles of a coral?

Answer 39

used to trap and force animals into the polyps digestive system

Question 40

The optimal surrounding circulation conditions for coral reefs are

Answer 40

waves, tides, and currents

Question 41

What are the characteristics of fringe on reefs

Answer 41

grow parallel to shorelines

Question 42

Barrier reef

Answer 42

A linear reef that is separated from the shore by a lagoon

Question 43

Atoll reef

Answer 43

Rings of coral reefs formed on the tops of subsiding ancient volcanoes

Question 44

Bikini island reef

Answer 44

Pacific atoll

Question 45

Coral live in a symbiotic relationship with a yellow algae called

Answer 45

Zooxanthellae

Question 46

Environmental significance of coral reefs

Answer 46

They protect the shores from erosion, reefs provide a clam lagoon area for sea grass to grow, for tourism, and research

Question 47

Medical uses for corals

Answer 47

Many reefs are similar in structure to human bones, treatments for cancer, coral is not recognized as foreign material by the human immune system and is rarely rejected

Question 48

Krill are considered

Answer 48

A primary consumer

Question 49

Sunlight is the original source of

Answer 49

Most energy

Question 50

Siphon

Answer 50

Means of locomotion for a squid

Question 51

Beak

Answer 51

Mouth structure for the squid

Question 52

Feeding arms

Answer 52

Used to capture prey

Question 53

Radula

Answer 53

Tongue like organ with rows of teeth

Question 54

Gladius

Answer 54

Another name for skeleton

Question 55

Tentacles

Answer 55

They have 8

Question 56

Cephalopod

Answer 56

Squid

Question 57

Hemolymph

Answer 57

Squid blood

Question 58

Bioluminescence

Answer 58

Makes a squid glow in the dark

Question 59

Fins

Answer 59

Structure for steering

Question 60

Chromatophores

Answer 60

Camouflage for the squid

Question 61

Nephridia

Answer 61

Organs that remove metabolic waste

Question 62

Gills

Answer 62

Feather like organs that function as a means of respiration

Question 63

A type of tropical cyclone that occurs in the Atlanic or eastern Pacific Ocean. A category 5 is the most intense.

Answer 63

A hurricane

Question 64

A tropical cyclone that occurs in the western Pacific Ocean.

Answer 64

A typhoon

Question 65

A series of waves created within a body of water that is caused by underwater earthquakes.

Answer 65

A tsunami

Question 66

Water pushed forward by an incoming storm that can be produced by hurricanes or typhoons.

Answer 66

A storm surge

Question 67

Atmospheric pressure characteristic of a hurricane

Answer 67

Low