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final exam review Flashcards

(96 cards)

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1
Q

authoritarian parenting

A

where parents establish the rules and expect children to follow them at all times

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2
Q

democratic parenting

A

parents have rules that kids are expected to follow however they give reasoning for the rules and consider children’s feelings.

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3
Q

adult centered

A

leaves children with a babysitter a lot, not involved in sports, etc.

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4
Q

equalitarian

A

parents are equal 50/50

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5
Q

child centered home

A

home life resolves around their children

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6
Q

history of childhood

A

children were viewed as small adults and expected to act as such

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7
Q

why was infant mortality high before 20th century?

A

less modern medicine, didn’t know much about babies or children in general

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8
Q

how were children seen before the 20th century?

A

as small adults

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9
Q

immunization before the 20th century

A

poor, not as many, less modern medicine

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10
Q

ovulation

A

when a woman releases an egg, most likely to be pregnant

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11
Q

conception

A

when sperm meets egg

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12
Q

prenatal

A

while baby is in moms belly

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13
Q

trimesters

A

9 months of pregnancy broken into 3 groups

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14
Q

period of the zygote/ovum

A
  • first stage
  • lasts about 2 weeks
  • size of a pinhead
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15
Q

period of fetus

A
  • last stage

- 8/9 week to birth

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16
Q

prenatal nutrition

A

important to help with proper development of the baby and good health for mom

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17
Q

amniotic sac

A

protects the baby during pregnancy

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18
Q

amniotic fluid

A

clear fluid that surrounds the baby

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19
Q

placenta

A

holds baby

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20
Q

uterus

A

holds the baby

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21
Q

ovaries

A

holds the eggs

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22
Q

egg, ovum, ova

A

female sex cell

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23
Q

sperm

A

male sex cell

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24
Q

nutrients needed during pregnancy

A

protein, vitamins, minerals, fats, carbs

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25
cervix
bottom of uterus
26
testes
holds male sex cells
27
umbilical cord
gives nutrients to unborn child through mom
28
vernix
white, waxy substance, protects babies skin from amniotic fluid
29
lanugo
tiny hairs that protects the baby's skin
30
quickening
when mom feels the baby kick
31
premature
when a baby is born 36 weeks gestation
32
permissive parenting
where parents don't offer much discipline
33
lightening
baby drops to prepare for birth
34
complications during pregnancy
anything that can go wrong during pregnancy | ex: bleeding, early contractions
35
obstetrician
doctor that focus on pregnancy and childbirth
36
pediatrician
doctor that works with kids
37
fetal position
the position the baby is in inside the belly
38
episiotomy
incision in vaginal wall to make it easier for the baby to come out
39
dilation
moms cervix gets larger when baby is ready to come out
40
forceps
(look like tongs). can help pull baby out if stuck during vaginal delivery
41
breech
the the baby is any way other then head first when birthing
42
signs of pregnancy
- missed period - cramping - morning sickness - moodiness - drowsiness - fatigue
43
gestation period
266 days-280 days
44
gynecologist
doctor that deals with health of female reproductive system
45
identical twins
develop from the same zygote, then split into 2 embryos
46
conjoined twins
happens when the zygote did not split into two embryos
47
fraternal twins
developed from 2 different eggs, fertilized by 2 different sperm cells
48
mirror twins
when twins are have opposite personalities, likes, dislikes, etc.
49
ultrasound
shows what the baby looks like inside the moms belly. can tell gender, sound waves, shows birth defects
50
amniocentesis
can determine if the baby has any birth defects, uses amniotic fluid, big needle
51
signs of labor
- contractions that are close together | - water breaks
52
dilation stage
- baby moves down to lower pelvis to prepare for birth - contractions are strong and frequent - longest stage of labor
53
expulsion stage
- contractions are 2-4 mins apart | - baby is born
54
placental stage
- little to no discomfort - lasts from 2 mins to 30 mins - births the placenta
55
contractions
- water breaking | - dilation of cervix
56
lamaze
focused on controlled breathing, gives mom confidence during child birth
57
rooming in
when the baby stays in the same hospital room as mom
58
cesarean section
- c section - cuts mom open - takes a long time to recover
59
birthing center
births baby in presence of doula or coaches
60
anesthesia
optional, makes delivery not as painful for mom
61
LeBoyer
- way you can give birth to your baby - calm, quiet environment - natural birth
62
fontanel
soft spots on baby's head
63
environmental effects on baby
if mom smokes or drinks, if dad smokes around mom
64
defective genes
carry trait for birth defect
65
recessive genes
gets beat out by the dominant gene
66
hereditary
can be passed down | from generations
67
dominant
dominant gene
68
carrier
has traits for birth defects and can pass on
69
effects of smoking on baby
- stillbirth, premature birth - low birth weight - brain damage
70
XX
male chromosome
71
XY
female chromosome
72
chromosome
package containing DNA
73
genes
basic function of heredity
74
birth defects
any physical or cognitive disability
75
rubella
german measles, causes blindness
76
cerebral palsy
motor system disorders. lack of coordination, stiffness, jerkiness, difficulty in speech, paralysis
77
cystic fibrosis
functional defect that involves the respiratory and digestive systems, many die before reaching adulthood
78
sickle cell anemia
malformed red blood cells
79
hemophilia
blood doesnt clot
80
FAS
fetal alcohol syndrome
81
PKU
baby cant digest specific protein, if they do they will get brain damage
82
FAE
fetal alcohol effect. not as severe as FAS
83
syphilis
STD, malformations
84
gonorrhea
STD
85
genetic counseling
tests mom and does to see if they carry a birth effect
86
infertility counseling
done by tests to figure out why mom cant get pregnant
87
babbling
baba, mama
88
expressive jargon
keeps taking, doesnt understand what theyre saying
89
toy safety
no small parts, sharp edges
90
toy selection
age of child, brand
91
teeth
20 full/primary set
92
what is quality of teeth affected by?
brushing, flossing
93
invitro fertilization
test tube baby
94
egocentric
baby thinks its all about them
95
dexterity
using both hands at once
96
goal of discipline
to teach child right from wrong

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