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FINAL EXAM REVIEW Flashcards

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1
Q

Example showing how physical geography can affect a country’s economic activities

A

Japan- group of islands that depends on fishing
Columbia- fertile soil and climate to grow coffee beans
Saudi Arabia- many oil reserves underground

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2
Q

How do immigrants add to a diverse culture in an economy

A

They combine traditions of the local community to rituals from their homeland and make new customs

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3
Q

What are countries doing to slow down climate change

A

Pass legislation that mandates a reduction of carbon emissions by cars and factories

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4
Q

What innovations led to the increased use of Sea travel

A

Technological improvements such as the compass and improvements in ship design made ocean voyages possible

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5
Q

How has the Green revolution been able to produce enough food to keep pace with a growing population

A

By using lots of fertilizers, pesticides, and increased irrigation needs

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6
Q

What is a common argument IN FAVOR to nuclear power plants?

A

There is a limited amount of nonrenewable resources left

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7
Q

What is a common argument AGAINST nuclear power plants

A

There is a high risk of radiation exposure to all nearby

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8
Q

What event had the greatest impact on the political, economic, and culture elements of Mexico

A

The arrival of Spanish conquistadors in the 16th century

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9
Q

What is a result of the global spread of American popular culture

A

The spread of English as an international language, American fast food chains all over the world, American movies viewed all over the world

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10
Q

Which event led to the introduction of new foods to Western Europe

A

Columbus’ voyages to the Americas

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11
Q

Why did favelas increase in Brazil in the 1970s

A

Migrants from rural areas couldn’t afford to live in the urban cities

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12
Q

In what direction was the huge migration shift in the Americas in the 1800s

A

From east to west

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13
Q

How did the United States acquire their northern and southern borders

A

Through diplomatic agreements of the man made borders (49th parallel) and natural borders (rio grande and gulf coast)

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14
Q

Why was the North America free trade agreement (NAFTA) and the European Union (EU) formed?

A

To increase economic cooperation between member nations

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15
Q

In the Colombian exchange, how were the lives of Europeans impacted by their American counterparts

A

There was a transfer of new products and ideas encouraged economic growth

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16
Q

Most of South America was able to gain their independence between:

A

1790 and 1828

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17
Q

How does the Cold War continue to affect the political landscape of Europe

A

Some Eastern European countries are still economically, politically, and culturally aligned with Russia

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18
Q

Why was the UN created

A

To maintain international cooperation among members, keep world peace through the use of sanctions, and to provide humanitarian aid with groups like the UNICEF

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19
Q

What geographic circumstance has hampered Russia’s success in foreign policy

A

The cold climate and the lack of warm water ports for commerce

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20
Q

What major change was going on in Europe during the 1989 democratic elections in Latvia, Poland, and Ukraine?

A

The diffusion of democratic ideals

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21
Q

After the formation of the EU, why do we see a population shift in Europe?

A

People immigrated to Western Europe in search of employment in more industrialized countries

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22
Q

Why is North Africa different than the rest of Africa both culturally and medically

A

They are separated by the Sahara

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23
Q

Why is Nelson Mandela a hero to many South Africans

A

He led a long struggle to end apartheid for black South Africans

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24
Q

What are some of the negative cultural effects of European colonization in south America and Africa

A

European colonization created cultural divisions within these two regions that later led to mass civil wars, political unrest, dictatorships, and corrupt leadership

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25
What happened in South America and Africa after Europeans colonized them
The African and South American countries began to fight for their independence from their colonial ruler
26
Why does Africa have relatively poor economics even though they have an abundance of natural resources
Africa lacks the infrastructure and money to build an industrial base and education levels to use their natural resources for more than raw materials, while their unstable political geography has contributed to their demise as well
27
Which challenge of globalization does the rapid spread of the H1N1 Flu and Ebola demonstrate
Accelerated transmissions of viruses due to increased travel
28
What important values are essential to African tribes
Societies with strong traditional beliefs, government systems based on family ties, and conflicts that center around land and territory
29
Why is there an African influence on the food and customs in the Caribbean
The Caribbean was a stop along the Middle Passage, the voyage responsible for bringing slaves to the area
30
How has the Arab Spring changed many Middle Eastern and North African states?
Many leaders have been removed from power after years under totalitarian rule
31
Because of foreign conquerors and its physical features, how has Africa changed over the last century?
Europeans and Arabs brought their religious beliefs, languages and way of life to the African continent, which they forced the Africans to accept; these religious lines reflected the physical division of the continent created by the Sahara with Islam in the north and Christianity in Sub-Sahara
32
Why have Israel’s borders changed so much?
It’s a result of the numerous conflicts between neighbors of that area
33
What can oil rich nations of the Middle East do to ensure their longtime success economically?
Diversify their economics to other areas than oil
34
How are women treated in the traditional Islamic monarchy of Saudi Arabia?
Women must cover their bodies in public and have limited legal rights
35
“We reaffirm our commitment to the Treaty of Non-Proliferation of nuclear weapons and … recall the right of all state parties, including the Islamic Republic of Iran, to develop research, production, and the use of nuclear energy … for peaceful purposes …” What is the summary of this political stance?
Any country has a right to develop nuclear energy for peaceful uses
36
What are the two major reasons that Saudi Arabia is important to many people around the world?
Its religious sites and oil reserves
37
What has come from the Middle East having a limited amount of fresh water?
They are a leader in desalination technology development
38
Why do some countries in Southwest Asia continue to gain wealth from a surplus of natural resources when others don’t?
The natural resources in that region are not distributed evenly
39
The movement of tectonic plates moved the Indian Subcontinent up to Asia and created what major landform?
The Himalayas
40
Why is there so much conflict in the province of Kashmir between India and Pakistan?
There are large populations of Muslims and Hindus in the province and each country claims the territory hoping to appease the religious majorities in their country
41
Why do the people of Southeast Asia depend on the summer monsoons each year?
They receive little rainfall during other parts of the year
42
Where are most Chinese cities are located?
They are located in areas where there is likely to be fertile farmland, on the coast
43
Green Revolution
campaign to increase food production for parts of the world that are overpopulated, used a variety of methods including increased irrigation, pesticides and other genetically modified chemicals.
44
Stateless Nation:
culturally linked populations that are unrecognized in the international community and not given a political voice, i.e. the Kurds, Palestinians.
45
Population Density:
the average amount of people living per square kilometer in a country.
46
Plate Tectonics:
plates of large crust that float across the mantle and move around the earth. They have caused the large-scale motion of the Indian Subcontinent from its isolation in the Indian Ocean northward to create the Himalayas
47
Transboundary Pollution:
air and water pollution that crosses into other countries, regardless of where it originated.
48
Outsourcing:
Relocating jobs to outside foreign countries.
49
Subsistence farming:
only producing enough crops and livestock for a family’s survival.
50
Commercial farming:
producing crops and livestock that is strictly for profit.
51
Cultural assimilation:
the process of sharing and absorbing parts of another person’s culture and blending it with your own.
52
Cultural Hearth:
a place where many cultures gather and share ideas, traditions, and beliefs with each other.
53
Cultural diffusion:
the spreading of a culture’s traditions or beliefs from a central point.
54
Urbanization:
a population shift from rural areas to cities, and what a city goes through to accommodate those changes.
55
Globalization:
a process of integration and connection from a worldwide perspective of cultures, ideas, products, and viewpoints. But it can lead to pollution, an increased risk of pandemics, and loss of local traditions.
56
Describe a theocratic government
A type of government system where religious leaders and laws rule the country
57
Describe a democratic government
A type of government system where the citizens have power and authority to make decisions
58
Describe a totalitarian government
A type of government system with one political party in complete control usually with a single leader
59
What kind of economic system incorporates a mixture of public and privately owned businesses, while allowing owners the ability to amass great wealth?
Mixed economy
60
What kind of economic system is completely controlled by the central government in order to regulate business and profit?
Command economy
61
What kind of economic system allows total freedom with business owners to set prices, create products, and ultimately fail or succeed on their own?
Free market economy
62
What kind of economy system has the government providing most of the important public services but still permits private ownership of some businesses?
Socialist economy
63
What demographics are more characteristic of a wealthier developed country?
Low birthrates, low death rates, high literacy rates, and high life expectancy
64
What demographics are more characteristic of a poor, less developed nation?
High birthrates, high death rates, low literacy, and low life expectancy
65
Primary activities:
farming, agriculture, working with natural resources
66
Secondary activities:
factory and industry work, low skill level jobs
67
Tertiary activities:
service-related jobs, leisure/free time occupations
68
Quaternary activities:
CEO, product improvement jobs

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