Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P II > Final exam Spring 2024 > Flashcards

Final exam Spring 2024 Flashcards

1
Q

Underneath Pons and controls rate/ depth of breathing center?

A

medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

central chemoreceptors located in?

A

anterolateral medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

CSF pH

A

7.31

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

central chemoreceptors how much percentage of blood gas sensing?

peripheral %?

A

central: 85%

peripheral: 15%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how many pairs of carotid bodies? and what nerve is used?

A

2 pairs

glosspharyngeal (IX)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

list of accessory muscles

A

Internal intercostal muscles
External intercostal muscles
Serratus anterior
Pec minor
Rectus abdominus
external oblique
internal oblique
traverse abdominus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how many pairs of aortic bodies? and what nerve is used?

A

3-5 pairs

Vagus nerve (X)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Internal intercostal muscles aid in?
External intercostal muscles aid in?

A

internal : expiration

External: inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

muscle connects to top of sternum and to mastoid process

one on each side

A

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

red area?

A

oropharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

area behind the mouth, last part of the nose and extends down

A

Pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Lesser Horn?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Epiglottis

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

superior horn?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Thyrohyoid ligament

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Thyroid cartilage

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

inferior horn

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cricothyroid ligament?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Laryngeal prominence?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cricoid cartilage

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

tracheal cartilage?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

cricotracheal ligament?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

hyoid bone?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

foramen for SLA and ILN

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

median thyrohyoid ligament

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Opening that allows for drainage of the middle ear

o One on either side of the body for each ear

A

Pharyngotympanic tube or Eustachian Canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

cells extend from the small airways (alveoli) all the way up to the trachea

A

ciliated cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

majority of blood supplied to nose by?

A

external carotid artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

top of the nose receives blood from?

connected via?

A

internal carotid artery

via ophthalmic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

curved structure Apart of the maxilla or upper jaw bone

Large and more study

A

Inferior chonca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

projections that come off the ethmoid bone

A

middle and superior concha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Projection at the top where the falx cerebri gets anchored to top part of the skull

A

crista galli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

red area covered by?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

blue area covered by?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

yellow area covered by?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Largest cranial nerve in the head

A

trigeminal nerve (V)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

nerve covers from larynx to trachea

A

Vagus nerve (X)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Innervates the lower part of the nasopharynx part of the back of the tongue

A

Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

o Extension of the soft palate

A

Uvula
o Extension of the soft palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q
A

enlarge palatine tonsil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q
A

enlarged pharyngeal tonsil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

which two structures were pointed out in class?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

which gland shoots saliva
which is largset

A

sublingual gland

parotid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

which branch of trigeminal nerve covers eyes and forehead sensory

A

o V1 Ophthalmic branch- eyes and forehead sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

which trigeminal branch covers top, roof of the mouth as well as the nose

A

V2 Maxillary branch- top, roof of the mouth as well as the nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

which trigeminal branch covers majority of the mandible in terms of sensory

A

V3 Mandibular branch- majority of the mandible in terms of sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Front 2/3 of the tongues for normal sensory sensation covered by?

A

Trigeminal Nerve (largely V3 branch),

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Rear 1/3 of tongue for somatic sensory

A

Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

nerve that covers epiglottis

A

vagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Taste sensation for the back 1/3 of the tongue

A

Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Front 2/3 of taste sensation

A

Facial nerve (VII)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Trachea has some somatic sensory that is taken care of by

A

Trachea has some somatic sensory that is taken care of by the Vagus Nerve (X)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Only continuous cartilage that forms a circle

A

cricoid cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

anterior portion of the larynx

Connects thyroid cartilage to the hyoid bone

A

Median thyrohyoid ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

covers more surface area than the other 2 ligaments

Main connecting ligament between the hyoid bone and top of the thyroid cartilage

A

Thyrohyoid membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Larynx is suspended by the

A

Larynx is suspended by the hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Hyoid bone connected to the thyroid cartilage via 3 ligaments:

A

median thyrohyoid ligament

thyrohyoid membrane

thyrohyoid ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Connects the back of the thyroid cartilage to the back of the two points of the hyoid horns via the thyrohyoid ligament

A

Bilateral superior horns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

o Extension at the base of the thyroid cartilage; Connects the thyroid cartilage to the cricoid cartilage
o Pivot point

A

Cricothyroid Joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Ligament/ membrane that connects the thyroid cartilage to the cricocartilage

o Typical site for invasive airway insertions

A

cricothyroid ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

connects the cricoid cartilage and the trachea

A

Cricotracheal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

tracheal length

how much is extrathoracic

A

11cm -13cm

2-4cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

how many tracheal rings?
fused by?

A

20

annular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Right mainstem bronchus angle?
left?
total?

A

right: 25
left: 45
total: 70

65
Q

space between vocal cords

A

transglottic space

66
Q

Arytenoid cartilages are seated right on back of the _____

A

Arytenoid cartilages are seated right on back of the cricoid cartilage

67
Q

arch?

A
68
Q

articular facet for arytenoid cartilage?

A
69
Q

articular facet for thyroid cartilage?

A
70
Q

lamina

A
71
Q

Connecting point for the inferior horn of the thyroid cartilage

A

articular facet for thyroid cartilage

72
Q

very small pieces of cartilage stuck to the top of each arytenoid cartilage

A

Corniculate Cartilage

73
Q

Cricothyroid muscle action

A

tightens the vocal cords; doesn’t open/ close Rima Glottis

74
Q

vocalis muscle action

A

tightens the vocal cords; doesn’t open/ close Rima Glottis

75
Q

thyroarytenoid muscle action

A

contraction adducts the vocal cords; closes Rima Glottis

76
Q

transverse arytenoid muscle

A

contraction adducts the vocal cords; closes the Rima glottis

77
Q

Smallest of all of the laryngeal muscles

A

transverse arytenoid muscle

78
Q

Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscle

A

Abducts the vocal cords; opens the Rima Glottis

79
Q

Lateral Cricoarytenoid Muscle- actions

A

adducts the vocal cords; closes the Rima Glottis

80
Q

Contraction of this muscle rotates the arytenoid in an orientation where the vocal cords get closer together

A

Lateral Cricoarytenoid Muscle-

81
Q

1?

A

cricothyroid muscle

82
Q

2?

A

vocalis muscle

83
Q

3?

A

thyroarytenoid muscle

84
Q

4?

A

Transverse Arytenoid Muscle

85
Q

5?

A

Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscle

86
Q

which one has a more medial attachment

Lateral Cricoarytenoid Muscle or Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscle

A

Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscle

87
Q

posterior cricoarytenoid?

A
88
Q

vocalis?

A
89
Q

lateral cricoarytenoid?

A
90
Q

6?

A

Lateral Cricoarytenoid Muscle

91
Q

transverse arytenoid?

A
92
Q

Thyroarytenoid?

A
93
Q

posterior cricoarytenoid?

A
94
Q

posterior cricoarytenoid?

A
95
Q

Thyroarytenoid?

A
96
Q

lateral cricoarytenoid?

A
97
Q

which muscle?

A

cricothyroid

98
Q

Left inferior laryngeal nerve- wraps around the?

A

aortic arch

branch of left recurrent laryngeal nerve

99
Q

Right inferior laryngeal nerve-
wraps around the?

branch of ?

A

nerve- wraps around the brachiocephalic artery

branch of right recurrent laryngeal nerve

100
Q

Superior laryngeal nerve is branch of?

A

vagus nerve

101
Q

internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve responsible for?

A

sensory fx in larynx

102
Q

External branch of superior laryngeal nerve responsible for?

A

motor fx for muscles outside of larynx

cricothyroid muscles

103
Q

all muscles inside larynx is taken care of by which nerve?

A

inferior laryngeal nerve

104
Q

acid/base result?

anesthetics/sedatives/paralytics
OD on opiates

A

Resp acidosis

105
Q

acid/base result?

brainstem injury

A

Resp acidosis

106
Q

acid/base result?

any procedures using CO2 as insufflation gas

A

Resp acidosis

107
Q

acid/base result?

A

Resp acidosis

108
Q

acid/base result?

spinal cord injury

A

Resp acidosis

109
Q

acid/base result?

Polio/ GBS

A

Resp acidosis

110
Q

acid/base result?

Botulism/tetanus

A

Resp acidosis

111
Q

acid/base result?

kyphoscoliosis/obesity

A

Resp acidosis

112
Q

acid/base result?

pulm fibrosis/sarcoidois

A

Resp acidosis

113
Q

acid/base result?

pneumothorax

A

Resp acidosis

114
Q

acid/base result?

pneumonia/pulmonary edema

A

Resp acidosis

115
Q

acid/base result?

progesterone

A

Resp alkalosis

116
Q

acid/base result?

COPD/upper airway obstruction

A

Resp acidosis

117
Q

acid/base result?

acute asthma

A

Resp alkalosis

more r/t anxiety

118
Q

acid/base result?

high altitudes

A

Resp alkalosis

Breathing more than we usually do –> decreases CO2 to try and increase amt of O2 in blood

119
Q

acid/base result?

salicylates

A

Resp alkalosis

and met acidosis

120
Q

acid/base result?

A

Resp alkalosis

121
Q

acid/base result?

renal dysfunction

A

met acidosis

122
Q

acid/base result?

anything that forms _______?

hypoxemia, anemia, shock, severe exercise

A

lactic acidosis

met acidosis

123
Q

acid/base result?

alcoholism

A

met acidosis

124
Q

acid/base result?

severe vomiting

A

met acidosis

125
Q

acid/base result?

starvation/diabetes

A

met acidosis

126
Q

acid/base result?

ingesting methanol/ethanol

A

met acidosis

127
Q

acid/base result?

ingesting ethylene glycol

A

met acidosis

128
Q

acid/base result?

ingesting ammonium chloride

A

met acidosis

129
Q

acid/base result?

diarrhea

A

met acidosis

130
Q

acid/base result?

overproduction of steroids

A

met alkalosis

131
Q

acid/base result?

MG

A

Resp acidosis

132
Q

acid/base result?

diuretics

A

met alkalosis

133
Q

Metabolic acidosis w/ normal anion gap conditions

A

diarrhea, pancreatic fluid loss

134
Q

Metabolic acidosis w/ abnormal anion gap conditions

A

lactic acidosis
methanol/ethanol

135
Q

other negatively charged dissolved compounds making up gap

A

albumin, phosphate, and sulfate

136
Q

gastric cells can create pH of?

A

0.8

137
Q

narrowest part of upper airway in adult

A

vocal cord

138
Q

narrowest part of upper airway in child

A

cricoid cartilage

139
Q

a connection between the superior and inferior laryngeal nerve.

A

Galens anastomosis

140
Q

if any suprahyoid muscle contracts, what happens?

when it relaxes?

A

larynx moves up to the base of the jaw

falls back and closes airway

141
Q

pharyngeal constrictor above larynx

A

inferior pharyngeal constrictor

142
Q

name suprahyoid muscles

A

-1a: Anterior belly of the diagastic muscle
-1b:Posterior belly of the diagastic muscle

2.Stylohyoid muscle

3.Mylohyoid muscle
4.Geniohyoid muscle

143
Q

mylohyoid?

A
144
Q

geniohyoid?

A
145
Q

muscle connects to the hyoid bone and styloid process

A

stylohyoid muscle

146
Q

infrahyoid muscles

A

Omohyoid

Sternohyoid muscle

Sternothyroid muscle:

Thyrohyoid muscle:

147
Q

these muscles are almost continuous with each other

both attach to the same part of the thyroid cartilage.

A

sternothyroid and thyrohyoid

148
Q

connection halfway to the hyoid bone.

-shorter than the sternohyoid muscle.

A

Sternothyroid muscle:

149
Q

muscle Connects sternum to hyoid bone

A

Sternohyoid muscle

150
Q

which muscle is fastened to the top of the chest

loops over the top of the muscle and anchored into rib___

A

omohyoid muscle

into rib 1

151
Q

posterior belly digastric?

A
152
Q

anterior belly digastric?

A
153
Q

thyrohyoid?

A
154
Q

omohyoid?

A
155
Q

sternothyroid?

A
156
Q

nose sensory info by irritant receptors is done through which nerve?

A

trigeminal nerve (V)

157
Q

where else are irritant receptors located? whats the primary nerve?

A

trachea, lungs, nose, voice box, larynx

vagus nerve (X)

158
Q

J receptors located where?

activation causes what?

A

alveolar walls

dyspnea/discomfort

159
Q

pulmonary stretch receptors activated when?

the response?

A

Vt 1.5- 2L

inhibits further inspiration, shortens Vt and increases respiratory rate

A&P II (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions