Final Exam Study Guide Flashcards
All chapters
What is an organic compound?
A) Compound that always contains oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen.
B) Compound that always contains carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen.
C) Compound that always contains carbon and hydrogen.
D) Compound that always contains hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen.
E) Compound that is grown without pesticides and herbicides.
Compound tht always contains carbon and hydrogen
Which of the following are polymers of carbohydrates?
a. starch
b. glycogen
c. cellulose
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
All of the above
What is a function of lipids?
a. storage of long-term energy
b. storage of genetic informaiton
c. catalysis of chemical reactions
d. transport of molecules across the biological membrane
e. contractile work
a. storage of long-term energy
If a solution has a pH value of 10. The what is the [OH-]?
a. 1x10-10 M
b. 1x10-4 M
c. -4
d. -10
1x10-4 M
What is the correct output of citric acid cycle during aerobic cellular respiration?
a. NADH, pyruvates, ATP
b. ATP and water
c. Acetyl CoA, NADH, and CO2
d. NADH, FADH2, CO2, ATP
e. None of the above
NADH, FADH2, CO2, ATP
What level of protein structue is the linear sequence of amino acids?
a. primary structure
b. secondary structure
c. quartery structure
Primary structure
What is the second law of thermodynamics?
A) Energy comes from a long time ago in a galaxy far, far away…
B) Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
C) Energy always comes from the sun.
D) Energy transformations are inefficient, leading to more disorder and release of heat.
E) Energy is conserved.
Energy transformations are inefficient leading to more disorder and release of heat
What is the 1st law of thermodynamics?
Energy is conserved
What is the correct statement about anabolic pathways?
A) Reaction that requires an input of energy.
B) Reaction that breaks down molecules.
C) Reaction that releases energy.
D) Reaction that does not require enzymes.
E) Reaction that doesn’t require activation energy.
Reaction requires an input of energy
What type of macromolecule are enzymes?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Nucleic acids
C) Proteins
D) Lipids
E) All of the above
Proteins
Which statement is false about splicing?
a. splicing takes place in the nucleus of the cell
b. splicing joins together exons to form the mature mRNA trancript
c. splicing removes introns from the premature mRNA transcript
d. splicing requires a complex called the splicesome
e. splicing modifies the 5’ and 3’ ends of the premature mRNA transcript
splicing modifies the 5’ and 3’ ends of the premature mRNA transcript
What is the fluid mosaic model?
a. description of how water is filled with solutes
b. “ “ of the biological membrane
c. “ “ of how fluids flow out of the human body
d. “ “ of how atoms are able to move out of the body
description of the biological membrane
What is the function of membrane proteins?
A) Act as enzymes
B) Transport molecules
C) Join cells together
D) Transduce signals
E) All of the above
All of the above
Simple and facilitated diffusion are types of what form of transport?
A) active transport
B) chemiosmosis
C) solute pumping
D) passive transport
E) acid-base reactions
hint: diffusion
Passive transport
diffusion ALWAYS means passive transport!
Which domain is prokaryotic?
A) Eukarya
B) Fungi
C) Archaea
D) Animalia
E) Plantae
Archae
Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?
A) Neutron
B) Electron
C) Proton
D) Cation
E) None of the above
Electron
Which chemical bond is the strongest?
A) Ionic bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Van der Waals
D) Covalent bond
E) Cohesive bond
Covalent bond
Which of the following is true for both meiosis II and mitosis?
A) Sister chromatids separate.
B) Homologous chromosomes separate.
C) DNA replication precedes the division.
D) Haploid cells are produced.
E) Diploid cells are produced.
Sister chromatids seperate
Water has unique properties that make life possible on Earth. One of these properties is the ability to absorb great amounts of energy. In fact, humans take advantage of this by sweating to keep cool. What explains water’s properties?
A) Water is nonpolar.
B) Water molecules form many hydrogen bonds with one another.
C) Water is ionic.
D) Water molecules form many van der Waals interactions with one another.
E) Water is very chemically reactive.
B) Water molecules form many hydrogen bonds with one another.
What is an organic compound?
A) Compound that always contains oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen.
B) Compound that always contains carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen.
C) Compound that always contains carbon and hydrogen.
D) Compound that always contains hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen.
E) Compound that is grown without pesticides and herbicides.
compound that always contains carbon and hydrogen
What is the name of the bond/linkage between amino acids in a polymer?
A) Glycosidic linkage
B) Phosphodiester linkage
C) Hydrogen bond
D) Peptide bond
E) Ester linkage
Peptide bond
If the number of neutrons was changed in an atom, then which statement is true?
A) It is now a cation.
B) It is now an anion.
C) It is now a different isotope.
D) It is now a different isomer.
E) It is now a different element.
It is now a different isotope
Which molecules are products (output) of glycolysis?
A) NADH, pyruvate, and acetyl CoA
B) Water, FAD, and NAD+
C) FADH2, NADH, CO2, and ATP
D) ATP, NADH, and pyruvate
E) Acetyl CoA, NADH, and CO2
D) ATP, NADH, and pyruvate
What happens during oxidative phosphorylation (of aerobic cellular respiration)?
A) Series of redox reactions to directly generate lots of ATP molecules.
B) Formation of a proton gradient to be used for ATP synthesis.
C) Regeneration of NAD+ molecules to oxidize glucose as many times as possible.
D) Production of many reduced electron carriers in the mitochondrial matrix.
E) Catabolism of glucose to form two organic molecules that will enter the mitochondrion.
B) Formation of a proton gradient to be used for ATP synthesis.
