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Sustainable Urban Landscaping > Final Exam Study Guide > Flashcards

Final Exam Study Guide Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

What is sustainability?

A

Capacity to maintain, support, and endure

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2
Q

What are the four pillars of sustainability?

A

Environmental
Site
Social
Cultural

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3
Q

What is environmental sustainability?

A

Responsibility to conserve natural resources to support health and wellbeing of ecosystems

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4
Q

What is site sustainability?

A

Promote land development and sustainable management practices (less waste, energy, water, natural resources)

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5
Q

What is social sustainability?

A

Sustainable successful places that promote wellbeing of individuals and community by understanding what people need from places they live, work, play

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6
Q

What is cultural sustainability?

A

Protecting and sustaining cultural heritage to preserve the cultural experiences and traditions we enjoy today for future generations

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7
Q

What is a naturalized design?

A

Organic

Responsible to environment and site

Variety of plant species

Suitable for 4 seasons

Attract and encourage local wildlife

Adapt to local biophysical conditions

Successful succession without compatibility without human intervention (less maintenance, water, fertilizer)

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8
Q

What is an ecosystem approach to design?

A

Allows integration and cooperation of biophysical factors

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9
Q

What are biophysical factors?

A

Biotic and abiotic components surrounding population or organism influencing the survival, development and evolution of the population

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10
Q

How does topography impact design?

A

Influences site physiology
- Run off, erosion
- Vegetative communities
- Sun exposure
- Land function

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11
Q

How does geomorphology and soil impact design?

A

Unconsolidated mineral matter on immediate surface serves as medium for land growing plants
- Drainage
- Saturation
- Slope

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12
Q

How do microclimates impact design?

A

Wind
Sun
Temperature
Precipitation
Infiltration
Wind direction/velocity
Humidity

(Think terrariums)

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13
Q

What are two examples of microclimates?

A

Urban environments (wind/sun/temperature/how rain may affect areas/urban heat island etc.)

Terrariums

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14
Q

How does vegetation impact design?

A

Gauge for overall health and trend within a landscape with functional role

  • runoff, erosion, slope stability, noise control, influences pedestrian behaviours, frames spaces
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15
Q

How does hydrology impact design?

A

Movement of water in relation to land
- ground water, water table, oceans, Rivers, streams, precipitation, radiative exchanges, condensation, evaporation, runoff, water management, vapour, clouds etc.

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16
Q

How do fish and wildlife habitats impact design?

A

People live on the edge of land and water

Wetlands form an ecosystem for aquatic and land species (integral filter of hydrologic system for water quality, quantity, usage etc.)

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17
Q

How do cultural and history factors impact design?

A

Community needs
Human history
Demographics
Land use
Landscape as living entity (people, other living beings, physical region)

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18
Q

What is a green roof?

A

Vegetative roof structure that has a waterproof membrane, soil medium and plants

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19
Q

What is the purpose of a green roof?

A

More greenspace
Pretty
Additional habitat opportunities
Reduce urban heat island effect
Reduce stormwater runoff
Improve air quality
Save energy

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20
Q

What is albedo?

A

Measure of how much solar energy is reflected by a material

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21
Q

What is an extensive green roof?

A

Shallow in depth, requires no irrigation and has small plants

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22
Q

What is a semi intensive green roof?

A

Deeper, requires some irrigation, has larger plants

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23
Q

What are intensive green roofs?

Study These Flashcards
A

Deepest type of green roof with high capacity of irrigation and can hold large plants

24
Q

What are some structural considerations of green roofs?

Study These Flashcards
A

Structure
Roof pitch
Maintenance requirements
Irrigation type (spray, drip, drainage layer)
Wind

25
What is a green facade?
Wall completely/partially covered in vegetation
26
What is a living wall?
Living walls usually contain potted plants
27
What is the purpose of a green facade?
Pretty Additional habitat opportunities Acoustic buffering Increase thermal insulation Improve air quality
28
What is a drip irrigation method?
Rows of emitters water the planters or a sheet of absorbent material in the wall
29
What is flood irrigation?
Reservoirs in containers are filled periodically
30
What is recirculating irrigation?
Emitters at the top of the wall are constantly on Water flows through the wall to a reservoir at the bottom in a constant cycle
31
What is stormwater?
Rainfall/snowmelt that infiltrates into soil profile or runs off land into storm sewers, lake, rivers
32
What is stormwater management?
Planning, designing and implementation of systems to mitigate and control the impacts of human influence on runoff and hydrological cycle
33
What are the goals of effective stormwater management?
Maintain the health of our aquatic ecosystems, lake, rivers and oceans Maintain hydrological cycle Prevent risk of flooding from runoff Prevent stream erosion Protect water quality
34
What is a watershed?
Area of land that drains or captures water from specific water bodies delineated by topography not regional boundaries or property. lines
35
What is a floodplain?
Flat area of land next to a river that floods naturally in a heavy storm event and is often is rich in nutrients and soil as sediment is deposited in heavy storm events
36
What are some stormwater management strategies?
Soakaway pits/infiltration trenches Grassed swales/bioswales Dry ponds Wet ponds Filters (runoff filters through sand and media) Infiltration basins
37
What is a dry pond?
Detention basin designed to temporarily store collected stormwater runoff and release at controlled rate through an outlet
38
What are wet ponds?
Permanent pool of water designed to temporarily store collected stormwater runoff and release at controlled rate
39
What is a bioswale?
Long channeled depression that receives runoff and contains vegetation to help slow water infiltration, filter pollutants and directs water to outlet or sewer (needs porous soils and vegetative material that tolerates wet conditions)
40
What is xeriscaping?
Landscaping technique promoting water efficiency to reduce water consumption
41
What are the principles of xericscaping?
Planning and design Soil preparation Water wise plants Appropriate turf Mulch Efficient irrigation Maintenance
42
What are some features of water wise plants?
Long taproots Fuzzy waxy leaves Succulent leaves or stems
43
What is an urban forest?
Network of woodlands, groups of trees of individual trees located in urban areas
44
What are some benefits of urban forests?
Improve air quality Reduce air pollution Improve physical wellbeing Climate change contributions (temper severe weather) Contribute to wildlife Improve water quality Reduce potential for soil erosion Providing profitable by products Reduce greenspace maintenance costs
45
What are the elements of design?
Line Form Texture Colour
46
What are the principles of design?
Proportion (human scale) Order and balance (asymmetrical vs. symmetrical) Repetition Unity
47
Why are trees used in the landscape?
Privacy Shade Fruit Wind and noise buffers Animal habitat Aesthetics, focal point and interest Soil stabilization Oxygen Filters pollutants Health
48
What existing site conditions should one be mindful for when selecting plants?
Location Hardiness Soil texture and pH Microclimates Growing space Light availability Desired function of plant Heat and drought tolerance Growth rate Form Insect and disease
49
What are the steps of the design process?
Project accepteance Research and analysis Design Construction drawings Implementation Post construction evaluation Maintenance
50
What is a program?
Summary and synthesis of the inventory and analysis and client interview Reminds designer what needs to be done and included in the design solution
51
What is included in the design package?
Cover page Inventory Analysis Photographic analysis Program Functional drawings Concept plan Master plan Grading plan Planting plan Presentation plan Details
52
What is the site inventory?
Facts of the sites allowing design to understand circulation patterns indoors and outdoors Graphic representation of challenges on the site Use professional observations on site as well as the clients discussion (First step)
53
What is the analysis?
Offers opportunity to evaluate facts and make judgements about how the information should inform and shape the design Interprets the inventory giving an impression of what needs to be done on site to create the design
54
What is included in the site inventory?
Location/geography Hydrology Microclimates Users Vegetation Pedestrian and vehicle traffic Sun/shade Noise Structures Utilities
55
What is included in the planting plan?
Explains planting scheme Quantity of plant Common name Botanical name Size to purchase Condition of root ball on purchase Any additional notes

Sustainable Urban Landscaping (1 decks)

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