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Sociology 100 > Final Exam Study Terms > Flashcards

Final Exam Study Terms Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

sex

A

biological characteristics that include sex chromosomes, primary sex characteristics, and secondary sex characteristics

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2
Q

dualism

A

contrast between two opposing theories

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3
Q

gender

A

the behavioural, cultural, or psychological traits associated with a particular sex

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4
Q

femininity

A

the behavioural, cultural, or psychological traits associated with being a female

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5
Q

masculinity

A

the behavioural, cultural, or psychological traits associated with being a male

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6
Q

gender identity

A

our personal understanding of our own gender

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7
Q

gender expression

A

the aspects of gender that we exhibit through our own outward appearance and actions available to others

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8
Q

gender binary

A

`the assumption that there are two genders (male and female) associated with the two biological sexes

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9
Q

heterosexuality

A

sexual attraction to members of the “opposite sex”

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10
Q

homosexuality

A

sexual attraction to members of the “same sex”

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11
Q

intersex

A

a person whose physical sex characteristics fall outside the boundaries of the male/female dualism

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12
Q

disorders of sexual development or differences in sexual development (DSD)

A

a term used in place for intersex, refering to physical sexual characteristics that fall outside the boundaries of the male/female dualism

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13
Q

two-spirit

A

in indigenous cultures, individuals who have both male and female spirits

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14
Q

cis gender

A

individuals whose gender identity corresponds to their sex at birth

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15
Q

transgender

A

individuals whose gender identity corresponds to that of another sex

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16
Q

gender non-conforming

A

individuals whose gender identity falls outside of elite, dualistic disorders that equate another gender

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17
Q

hyper masculinity

A

traditional masculinity in an extreme and exaggerated form

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18
Q

cultures of honour

A

cultures where traditional masculinity must be protected from disrespect and male dominance over women is emphasized

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19
Q

bisexuality

A

sexual attraction to both males and females

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20
Q

pansexuality

A

sexual attraction to people along the full spectrum of sex,gender, and sexuality

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21
Q

asexuality

A

low/absent sexual attraction or desire for sexual activities

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22
Q

heteronormative

A

the view that heterosexuality is the expected sexual orientation

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23
Q

stereotype effect

A

individuals become so anxious about confirming a stereotype about their social group, their performance suffers

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24
Q

glass-ceilings

A

intangible barriers that prevent women from obtaining positions of leadership and authority

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25
glass-escalator
intangible factors that enable men to obtain positions of authority and leadership
26
intersectionality
the way that our individual array of multiple identities combines to create a distinctive whole
27
matrix of domination
intersecting systems of oppression in society
28
ethnicity
cultural characteristics such as language, religion, taste in food, shared descent, cultural traditions, and shared geographical locations
29
ethnic origin
the ethnic characteristics of your ancestors
30
objective ethnicity
ethnic characteristics of your ancestors
31
subjective ethnicity or ethnic identity
how you personally identify your ethnicity
32
race
a socially constructed category used to classify human kind according to physical characteristics such as skin colour, hair texture, and facial features
33
racialization
the process by which groups come to be designated as beings of a particular "race" and on that basis subjected to different and/or unequal treatment
34
visible minorities
persons, other than aboriginal persons, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour
35
racialized group
people of colour, who are disproportionately affected by racialization
36
family-class immigrants
immigrants who are sponsored by close relatives living in Canada
37
economic immigrants
immigrants selected on the basis of some combination of educational attainment, occupational skills, entrepreneurship, business investment, and ability to contribute to Canadian economy
38
refugees
people forced to flee from prosecution
39
bicultural
participating in two distinct cultures simultaneously
40
integration pattern
indentifying with both one's heritage culture, and one's new, national culture
41
ethnic pattern
identifying primarily with one's heritage culture
42
national pattern
identifying primarily with one's new, national culture
43
diffuse pattern
uncertainty of which culture(s) one should or should not identify with
44
dominant groups
groups that have institutionalized power and privilege in society
45
minority group
definable groups that are socially disadvantaged and face unequal treatment
46
les femme du pays
the indigenous "county wives" of European traders
47
ethnocide
eradication of a culture
48
pluralism
cultural differences are valued in society
49
segregation
minority groups are separated from the dominant group
50
anti-segregation laws
laws that prohibit interracial marriages
51
population trasfer
a process whereby minority groups are forcefully expelled or are limited to a location
52
prejudice
an attitude that is unrelated to reality and is generalized to all members of a certain group
53
racism
a specific form of prejudice based on aspects of physical appearance such as skin colour
54
discrimination
treating someone unfairly because of their group membership
55
hate crimes
criminal offences motivated by hate toward an identifiable group
56
white privilege
the advantages and benefits in society that are based soley on being white
57
fictive kinships
social bonds among individuals not related by blood, marriage, or adoption, but feel attached to one another and assume some sort of the benefits and.or obligations of family life
58
polyamory
the practice or condition of participating in more than one intimate relationship at the same time
59
profit
the benefits of being in a particular relationship outweigh the costs
60
comparison level
a comparison of the costs and benefits of a particular relationship compared to other individual people in similar relationships
61
comparison level for alternatives
a comparison of our relationship to alternative possibilities for our lives
62
equity
the contributions each party is making in a relationship as perceived "fair)
63
commodities
raw materials that can be bought or sold
64
monogomous
2 spouses
65
polygamous
3 or more spouses simultaneously
66
nuclear
a family structure comprising of parents and their children
67
patriarchal
power invested in the male head of the household and men in society more generally
68
health
state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
69
epidemiological transition
historical changes in patterns of morbidity and mortality, from a predominance of infectious and parasitic diseases to degenerative diseases
70
morbidity
the prevalence and patterns of diseases in a population
71
mortality
the incidence and patterns of death in a population
72
social selection hypothesis
the suggestion that people with mental disorders may drift into lower levels of socioeconomic status or be prevented from rising out of lower levels of status
73
social causation hypothesis
the suggestion that the stresses associated with having a lower socioeconomic status contributes to the development of mental disorders
74
healthy immigrant effect
recent immigrants tend to have better health than people Canadian-born

Sociology 100 (1 decks)

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