Final Exam Test Questions Flashcards
(172 cards)
1
Q
Which of the following concepts is most applicable to Peter the Great?
- the idea of borrowing ideas from other cultures
- the idea of modernization and expansion
- the idea of modernization and expansion at any cost
- the idea of limiting people’s rights
A
the idea of modernization and expansion at any cost
2
Q
Which concept applies to both england under cromwell rule and the 30 years war?
- the idea of imposing a particular set of religious beliefs on non believers
- the idea of selecting a particular set of religious beliefs according to the will of the people
- the idea of overseas expansion
- the idea of orchestrating change for the common good
A
the idea of imposing a particular set of religious beliefs on non believers
3
Q
James I’s unpopularity was a result of all the following except:
- his unwillingness to involve parliament in the rising of revenue
- his desire to conquer land
- his refusal to make puritan reforms
- attempting to relax penalties against catholics
A
his desire to conquer land
4
Q
Russia’s geographic location in Europe
- had little effect on its social, economic, and industrial development
- Placed it behind W. Europe in a social, economic, and industrial sense
- Placed it ahead of W. Europw in a social, economic, and industrial sense
A
Placed it behind W. Europe in a social, economic, and industrial sense
5
Q
Which of the following is not true about the Peace of Westphalia?
- It strengthened the hold of the Holy Roman Empire on German States
- It established the idea of meeting to discuss peace terms
- It led to the idea of Europe as a place of equal countries
- It changed how people thought about relations between countries
A
It strengthened the hold of the Holy Roman Empire on German States
6
Q
How did the Puritans finally win the English Civil War?
- Cromwell’s army defeated the Royalists, and the Puritans held the king prisoner
- Cromwell killed Charles I and appointed himself dictator
- Cromwell stormed the castle and seized Charles I
- Cromwell won support of Parliament and appointed himself dictator.
A
Cromwell’s army defeated the Royalists, and the Puritans held the king prisoner
7
Q
What was one reason Ivan IV was called Ivan the Terrible?
- He poisoned his wife Anastasia because she was from a boyar family
- He organized a police force to murder people he considered traitors
- He made the nobility dependent on him and have power to the middle class
- He was in debt to several countries and had to declare bank
A
He organized a police force to murder people he considered traitors
8
Q
What were some things Peter the Great did to Westernize Russia?
- He raised women’s status and made nobles wear western fashions
- He introduced potato and tobacco, both of which became staples
- He moved to the capital of Russia to Moscow, which has a seaport
- He established the outdoor market and promoted the arts
A
He raised women’s status and made nobles wear western fashions
9
Q
Which of the following reflects the chronological order of events in English history?
- Glorious Revolution–Restoration–English Civil War
- English Civil War–Restoration–Glorious Revolution
- The English Civil War–the Glorious Revolution–the Restoration
- The Restoration–the English Civil War–the Glorious Revolution
A
English Civil War–Restoration–Glorious Revolution
10
Q
All of the following were steps taken by the Austrian Hapsburgs toward becoming absolute rulers EXCEPT:
- Creating a standing army
- Reconquering the Netherlands
- Made the Czech nobility pledge loyalty
- Retaking Hungary from the Ottoman Turks
A
Reconquering the Netherlands
11
Q
Ruler responsible for building Prussias 80,000 men army:
- Frederick William aka “Great Elector”
- Frederick the Great
- Charles VI
- Rudolph II
A
Frederick William aka “Great Elector”
12
Q
The English king, James II, “ticked off” his subject by:
- Arresting the leaders of Parliament
- Bringing back the Book of Common Prayer
- Making peace with Spain
- Appointing Catholics to top positions in his government
A
Appointing Catholics to top positions in his government
13
Q
All of the following developments occurred under the rule of Charles I EXCEPT:
- Forcing people to loan him money
- Making peace with France and Spain
- Staying out of the Thirty Years War
- Trying to establish religious tolerance
A
Staying out of the Thirty Years War
14
Q
Peter the Great’s acquisition of a warm-water port and land for St. Petersburg came at the expense of which rival?
- Finland
- Poland
- Ottoman Empire
- Sweden
A
Sweden
15
Q
Which statement BEST describes the benefits of the English Civil War?
- The political rights of English citizens increased considerably
- Idea of habeas corpus is etsablished
- English bill of rights is drafted
- The monarch could not put a person in jail or opposing the ruler
A
The political rights of English citizens increased considerably
16
Q
Cause of the War of Austrian Succession
A
Prussia invades Silesia
17
Q
Effect(s) of Thirty Years’ War
A
- End of religious wars in Europe
2. Germany is divided into 300+ states
18
Q
Effect of War of Austrian Succession
A
Prussia becomes a world power
19
Q
Cause(s) of Thirty Years’ War
A
- Ferdinand II revokes the Letter of Majesty
2. Bohemian Protestants throw Ferdinand II’s reps into a pile of dookie
20
Q
Cause of Seven Years War
A
Prussia launches a preemptive strike against Saxony, an ally of Austria
21
Q
Effect of Seven Years War
A
Great Britain gains all of France’s territory in N. America
22
Q
Thinkers during the enlightenment challenged the established social order by:
- calling for an end to government
- denying the existence of heaven
- Calling for a just society based on reason
- supporting peasant rebellions
A
Calling for a just society based on reason
23
Q
Which is a true statement about European peasants during the Enlightenment?
- their lives changed greatly
- most moved to the cities
- The Enlightenment had little effect on their life
- the acquired material wealth
A
The Enlightenment had little effect on their life
24
Q
Which is not part of Beccaria’s philosophy?
- the accused have a right to a speedy trial
- torture should never be used
- Civilization corrupted people’s goodness
- laws existed to preserve people’s goodness
A
Civilization corrupted people’s goodness
25
Which does not characterize the nature of the Scientific Revolution?
1. it occurred in several places in europe at the same time
2. It was not revolutionary (mostly different)
3. it was a complex movement involving many persons
4. its proponents (main people) were hostile to the church
5. its proponents believed that the study of nature would reveal the existence of God
It was not revolutionary (mostly different)
26
Astronomer who discovered the elliptical orbit of the planets was:
1. Galileo
2. Johannes Kepler
3. Brahe
4. Ptolemy
5. Copernicus
Johannes Kepler
27
Philosophes were largely:
1. anti-religion
2. republican
3. Against intolerance
4. Anti-catholic
5. atheist
Against intolerance
28
In the 15th century, the standard explanation of the arrangement of the heavens combined the work of Ptolemy and:
1. Plato
2. Aristotle
3. Socrates
4. Roger Bacon
5. Plutarch
Aristotle
29
Locke’s philosophy consisted of all the following EXCEPT:
1. People could learn from experience and improve themselves
2: All people are born free with three natural rights: life, liberty, and property
3. If a government fails to protect those rights, people can overthrow it.
4. The degree of punishment should be based on the crime seriousness
The degree of punishment should be based on the crime seriousness
30
Francis Bacon believed that:
1. the study of nature began with the expression (articulation) of general principles.
2. Knowledge of nature should be used to improve human condition
3. knowledge of nature was primarily useful for what it told us about the divine
4. the best era of human history was antiquity
5. humans could learn very little from sense information
Knowledge of nature should be used to improve human condition
31
Monarchs most closely associated with enlightened absolutism include all of the following except:
1. Frederick II
2. Louis XIV
3. Joseph II
4. William and Mary of England
Louis XIV
32
Mary Wollstonecraft argued that
1. women's emotional natures made them morally superior to men
2. women needed relief from drudgery of housework
3. women's liberation depends on birth control
4. women like men, need education to become virtuous and useful
women like men, need education to become virtuous and useful
33
Which of the following statements regarding Hobbes opinion on the state of man in nature is true?
1. prudence (wisdom) sets in at early stage in men
2. men are intellectually more equal than they are physically
3. men are more equal physically than intellectually
4: because some men will “take things too far” others will increase their power
men are intellectually more equal than they are physically
34
Which of the following statements does not reflect the thinking of Hobbes?
1. If two men want the same thing, they'll become enemies and destroy each other to get it
2. if a man has something of value, others will conspire to take it
3. Because most men are indifferent, conflict is limited to a few
4. because some men will “take things too far,” others will increase their power
Because most men are indifferent, conflict is limited to a few
35
Hobbes believes that the source of quarrels among men is/are
1. mistrust and competition
2. hate and mistrust
3. hate and the desire for admiration
4. the desire for admiration
mistrust and competition
36
according to Hobbes, the root of society's problems stem from
1. nature predisposing men to behave destructively
2. the lack of superior power
3. man refusing to secure his private property
4. the fact that men are not exposed to the wit of others
1. nature predisposing men to behave destructively
| 2. the lack of superior power
37
which of the following would most agree with Hobbes philosophy?
1. Oliver Cromwell
2. Charles II of England
3. William and Mary
4. Thomas Jefferson
Oliver Cromwell
38
the video of the cartoon, Arthur, DW’s explanations of the working of nature resembles the thinking of which pair?
1. ancient Greeks and the Catholic Church
2. catholic church and tycho brahe
3. rene descartes and isaac newton
4. johannes kepler and rene descartes
ancient Greeks and the Catholic Church
39
the answer, “it calls into question the American Revolution,” goes with which question?
1. what is a turning point?
2. how might the history of the U.S. be different if not for the Enlightenment thinkers?
3. which enlightenment thinker had the greatest impact on writing the Declaration and U.S. Constitution?
4. why is the enlightenment a turning point in history?
how might the history of the U.S. be different if not for the Enlightenment thinkers?
40
This philosophe said, “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.”
Rosseau
41
Which document says, “That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their powers from the consent of the governed.”
Declaration of Independence
42
Woman who urged women to enter male-dominated field of medicine and politics.
Wollstonecraft
43
Informal social gatherings at which writers, artists, philosophes, and others exchanged ideas.
Salons
44
Art that was personal, elegant, and charming
Baroque
45
Which amendment ensures the right to a speedy trial?
6th Amendment
46
Which philosophe’s philosophy influenced Article 1/sec.9 of the Constitution which states. “No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the U.S.”
Rosseau
47
Which philosophe said, “I do not agree with a word you say but will defend your right to say it.”
Voltaire
48
Which amendment prohibits excessive bail, fines, and cruel and unusual punishments?
8th Amendment
49
Developed analytical geometry as a tool for scientific research.
Descartes
50
Developed the Heliocentric Theory
Copernicus
51
Developed the three laws of motion that became the foundation of modern physics.
Newton
52
This person holds the major league record for most wins by a left handed pitcher with 363 including 13 twenty win seasons for the Boston/Milwaukee Braves
Warren Spahn
53
What event happened last?
1. Great Fear
2. Reign of Terror
3. Fall of Bastille
4. Execution of the King
5. National Assembly
Reign of Terror
54
What was the main goal of the Vienna peacemakers when they redrew the map of Europe?
1. to gain more territory for themselves
2. to divide territory based on national cultures
3. to avoid angering russia
4. To establish stability and peace
To establish stability and peace
55
Which of the following is not true?
1. The Estates General was called by Louis to approve new taxes on the Third Estate.
2. The voting system in the Estates General was flawed or unfair
3. The Third Estate leaves the Estates General.
4. The clergy participated in the Estates General.
The Estates General was called by Louis to approve new taxes on the Third Estate.
56
The moderates would approve of which measure?
1. reign of terror
2. Constitution of 1791
3. republic of virtue
4. execution of the king
Constitution of 1791
57
What happened first?
1. Robespierre was executed
2. The Directory
3. Jacobins take power
4. Reign of Terror
Jacobins take power
58
When the king massed troops at Versailles the effect was
1. the tennis court oath
2. The Fall of the Bastille
3. committee of public safety is formed to protects the assemebly
4. the jacobins take power
The Fall of the Bastille
59
What effect did foreign invasions have on the revolution?
1. Frenchman taught to preserve the revolution
2. invading armies crush the revolution
3. moderates take charge
4. frenchmen rally around the king to preserve the revolution
Frenchman taught to preserve the revolution
60
Which of the following is NOT one of Napoleon’s reforms?
1. Government run schools to train government officials
2. Using men from different factions to run his government
3. Using secret police force to silence his enemies
4. Placing Church officials in positions of power
Placing Church officials in positions of power
61
Napoleon’s military success was due mostly to
1. his fiery temper
2. His new and innovative tactics
3. the weak and poorly trained armies of europe
4. his political success as emperor
His new and innovative tactics
62
The Continental System was designed to make Europe self-sufficient and
1. obtain antiquities (treasures) to enhance his empire
2. Cut-off British trade with the rest of Europe
3. establish supply lines for Napoleon’s far-flung forces
4. none of the above
Cut-off British trade with the rest of Europe
63
Which of the following statements about France’s social statement is true?
1. the third estate was made up entirely of peasants
2. the second estate was content with social structure
3. There was inequality among the three Estates
4. most people belongs to the first and second estate
There was inequality among the three Estates
64
Which of the following is not a change made by Napoleon to Europe?
1. He places the Netherlands, Belgium, and parts of Italy and Germany under his control
2. Places his friends and relatives in charge of certain countries
3. Calls for holy alliance of European monarchs
4. Changes the borders of Prussia and Poland
Calls for holy alliance of European monarchs
65
The Declaration of the Rights of Man stated that:
1. All men were born free and equal in rights
2. all male citizens had the right to vote
3. male and female citizens were equal before the law
4. all citizen had to pay equal taxes
All men were born free and equal in rights
66
How did Robespierre respond to foreign and domestic (coming from France) threats to the Revolution?
1. by using meditation to settle differences
2. By becoming more radical
3. by welcoming their opponents into the decision-making process
4. by ensuring that all citizen were free to speak
By becoming more radical
67
What did the statesmen who attended the Congress of Vienna fail to foresee?
1. revolutions in North America
2. the Great Depression
3. Future conflicts caused by nationalism and the desire for democracy
4. the impacts of the Warsaw Pact
Future conflicts caused by nationalism and the desire for democracy
68
Because of his many successful campaigns, Napoleon:
1. Becomes the leading general in France
2. becomes admiral of the French navy
3. first makes the situation in France stable
4. recognizes the council of 500
Becomes the leading general in France
69
The Napoleonic Code did all of the following except:
1. Made all citizens equal before the law
2. Provided advancement based on merit
3. Provided buffer state for protection
4. Provided religious tolerance
Provided buffer state for protection
70
The principle of ___________ called for the return of monarchs to the throne prior to the arrival of Napoleon.
1. restoration
2. absolutism
3. compensation
4. legitimacy
legitimacy
71
The Russians disobeyed Napoleon and left the Continental System for all the following reasons except:
1. It was hurting their economy
2. That they disagreed about the division of Poland
3. That they did not like the ideas of the French Revolution
4. That Napoleon commanded them to become members of the Roman Catholic Church
That Napoleon commanded them to become members of the Roman Catholic Church
72
The Constitution of 1791:
1. abolished the monarchy
2. Established a new Legislative Assembly
3. gave the vote to men and women
4. reestablished the old provinces
Established a new Legislative Assembly
73
Among the greatest difficulties Napoleon’s armies faced in Spain were:
1. outbreaks of typhoid and malaria
2. italian troops
3. portuguese troops
4. Guerilla bands
Guerilla bands
74
Which statement best describes the political developments of chapter 8?
1. nationalists and liberals take control of govts in europe and latin america
2. there were major shifts in power in europe and latin america
3. wars of independence achieved little
4. none of the above
there were major shifts in power in europe and latin america
75
which of the following does NOT characterize the liberals of 19th century europe?
1. they wanted freer trade
2. they were wealthy, professional entrepreneurs
3. they were educated
4. they felt all classes should be able to vote
they felt all classes should be able to vote
76
all of the following are true states about nationalism EXCEPT for which one?
1. it was an idea begun by writers and historians
2. it helped bring down centuries old empires
3. it believed that monarchies were the best form of govt
4. it believed that ethnicity is the basis for political unity
it believed that monarchies were the best form of govt
77
How were the unifications of Italy and Germany similar?
1. both involved a war w france
2. both took territory controlled by the Catholic Church
3. both used military force to unify various territories
4. both unified into an empire
both used military force to unify various territories
78
Bismarck provoked Prussia and France to war by
1. editing and releasing a written insult of the French ambassador, Benedetti
2. taking control of Venetia
3. assassinating Napoleon III
4. annexing(taking) Alsace and Loraine
editing and releasing a written insult of the French ambassador, Benedetti
79
the organization, Young Italy,
1. used political maneuvering to achieve its goals
2. was founded by Cavour
3. was founded by Mazzini
4. united Italy
was founded by Mazzini
80
which of the following was NOT a characteristic of conservatives in 19th century Europe?
1. usually very wealthy
2. believed govts should practice the ideals of the French Revolution
3. supported the traditional monarchies of Europe
4. many came from the noble class
supported the traditional monarchies of Europe
81
the Greeks gained their independence from
1. the Austrians
2. the balkans
3. ottoman empire
4. russia
ottoman empire
82
which french leader built railroads, encouraged industrialization, and promoted a program of public works?
1. charles x
2. louis napoleon
3. louie XIII
4. louis philippe
Louis Napoleon
83
which of the following rulers attempted to turn france into an absolute monarchy?
1. louis napoleon
2. louis philippe
3. charles x
4. nicholas i
Charles X
84
which of the following best describes the impact of russia's defeat in the crimean war?
1. Czar Alexander II moved russia towards modernization and social change
2. Czar Alexander II cracked down on his opponents
3. Czar Nicholas I freed the serfs
4. Hungary recaptured large parts of its empire
Czar Alexander II moved russia towards modernization and social change
85
In which of the following ways did the liberation of Mexico and Brazil differ?
1. Mexico’s liberation was violent; Brazil’s liberation was nonviolent.
2. Mexico was liberated from Spanish control; Brazil was liberated from French control.
3. Mexico’s liberation involved Creoles; Brazil’s liberation did not involve Creoles.
4. All of the above are true.
Mexico’s liberation was violent; Brazil’s liberation was nonviolent.
86
which of the following was an effect of the Franco Prussian war?
1. Prussia acquires the Northern German states
2. Prussia acquires the Southern German states
3. Prussia acquires Schleswig
4. France gets Alsace Lorraine
Prussia acquires the Southern German states
87
In which of the following locations was the uprising supported by the government of the mother country (in Europe)?
1. Mexico
2. Haiti
3. Venezuela
4. Argentina
Haiti
88
In Latin America, the move for independence was started by which of the following groups?
1. Peninsulares
2. Creoles
3. Mestizos
4. Mulattos
Creoles
89
The wealthy, Prussian land-owning class was known as
1. The Dessalines
2. The Seljuks
3. The Junkers
4. The Holsteins
The Junkers
90
the great majority of nationalists uprising in europe in 1830 and 1848
1. were challenges against the regimes of the liberals
2. were largely successful
3. took down radical regimes
4. were largely unsuccessful
Were largely unsuccessful
91
when Bismarck became prime minister, one of the challenges he had to contend with was
1. a russian invasion
2. an uncooperative parliament
3. a hostile kaiser William I
4. the british navy off his coast
an uncooperative parliament
92
Conflict that Bismarck used to set Austria up for war
Danish War
93
nationalist, enlightenment thinker, successful businessman who uses france to help unite northern Italy
Cavour
94
individual who went to great lengths to unite northern latin america including venezuela
Bolivar
95
conflict that involved great britain, russia, and france against the ottoman empire
Greek Independence Movement
96
Conflict that resulted in a united Germany
Franco Prussian War
97
conflict that gained Alsace and Lorraine for Germany
Franco-Prussian War
98
individual who liberated much of southern latin america from spain including argentina
San Martín
99
individual who conquered and united southern Italy
Garibaldi
100
conflict that gave prussia control of the northern german states
Austro-Prussian War
101
individual who was instrumental in brazilian independence
Prince Joao
102
Most of the early battles of the Thirty Years’ War were won by the:
Hapsburgs
103
In the mid-1600s, the group that was least dependent on the labor of the serfs was
The Ottoman Empire
104
Under Maria Theresa, Austria’s greatest enemy was:
Prussia
105
Frederick II came to power as the
King of Prussia
106
The War of the Austrian Succession was fought over the possession of lands belonging to:
Maria Teresa
107
In Europe, the Seven Years’ War resulted in:
No exchange of territories in Europe
108
The Thirty Years War first erupted in:
Austria
109
___ signed the Petition of Right then ignored it
Charles I
110
Which of the following was a new feature of English govt in the late 1700’s?
A cabinet
111
Which of the following was a provision of the Petition of Right?
Taxation could only occur with Parliament's consent
112
Which of the following had the power of the purse or the control over money in england?
Parliament
113
Which leader abolished the English monarchy?
Oliver Cromwell
114
This king of scotland inherited Elizabeth I’s throne as well as her conflicts with Parliament.
James I
115
This leader ruled england after the end of the english civil war
Oliver Cromwell
116
This began when Charles II took the throne
Restoration
117
This prevented monarchs jailing people for purely political reasons and from indefinitely holding prisoners without trial
Habeas Corpus
118
England’s willingness to execute one king and overthrow another stems most likely from
its past experience with King John I and the Magna Carta
119
Who said, “man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.”?
Rousseau
120
This person said the accused have a right to a speedy trial
Beccaria
121
Which amendment ensures the right to a speedy trial
6th Amendment
122
this person said the best government was the one that have awesome power of a leviathan
Hobbes
123
The person said if a government fails to protect people's’ rights, the people have a right to overthrow it.
Locke
124
Which U.S. document contains the sentiment saying "if a government fails to protect people's’ rights, the people have a right to overthrow it"?
Declaration of Independece
125
which person fought for tolerance, reason, freedom of religious belief, and freedom of speech and said, “I do not agree with a word you say but will defend to the death your right to say it.”?
Voltaire
126
Which amendment ensures a citizen’s right to free speech?
1st Amendment
127
Which person advocates or supported the separation of powers in government?
Montesquieu
128
“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal…” comes from which document?
Declaration of Independence
129
Which person said all people are equal and title of nobility should be abolished?
Rousseau
130
Which amendment prohibits excessive bail, fines, cruel and unusual punishment?
8th Amendment
131
Which person was critical of the unequal relationship between men and women in marriage?
Astell
132
which document says,” that to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.”?
Declaration of Independence
133
Which person said all people are born free and equal with 3 natural rights: life, liberty, and property?
Locke
134
Prior to the revolution, which of the following groups was not a member of the Third Estate?
1. Artisans
2. Lower clergy
3. Bourgeoisie
4. Peasants
Lower clergy
135
All of the following took place under the National Assembly except:
1. The Declaration of the Rights of Man
2. The Constitution of 1791
3. The First French Republic
4. Civil Constitution of the Clergy
The First French Republic
136
Limited resources, high prices with low wages, high fees to use the nobles’ equipment is the answer to which question?
1. What caused the government financial crisis?
2. What were France’s economic problems?
3. Describe France’s Social structure
4. What conditions caused food shortages?
What were France’s economic problems?
137
The meeting of the Estates General in 1789
1. Saw the nobles increase their power
2. Ends up costing King Louis XVI much power
3. Was an annual occurrence
4. Was cause for royal troops to move around Paris
5. Numbers 1 and 2
Ends up costing King Louis XVI much power
138
The Third Estate’s disposition or attitude toward the National Assembly is best described as
1. indifferent
2. hostile
3. Protective
4. jealous
5. suspicious
Protective
139
Of the following events, which took place second to last?
1. Great Fear
2. Storming of the Bastille
3. King tries to escape
4. Declaration of the Rights of Man
Declaration of the Rights of Man
140
Louis’s attempt to escape
1. brings prussia and austria to war against france
2. leads to his immediate execution
3. Puts the radicals into power
4. causes the march to Versailles
Puts the radicals into power
141
Under the Declaration of the Rights of Man
1. church lands were sold
2. priests became elected officials
3. people referred to one another as “citizen”
4. People were protected against random arrests
People were protected against random arrests
142
In response to the war and problems in France, the Jacobins
1. write a new constitution
2. change weights and measures
3. change the calendar
4. Attempt to crush anyone against them
Attempt to crush anyone against them
143
in 1806, Napoleon attempted to make Europe more self-sufficient through the use of what he termed the _____.
Continental System
144
Great Britain responded with a _______ against France, which became the major causes of war between Great Britain and the United States.
Blockade
145
because Portugal refused to honor the ______, Napoleon sent an army through Spain to invade Portugal.
Continental System
146
French actions in Spain lead to armed resistance by ______ and a long and draining conflict called the _______.
1. Guerrillas
| 2. Peninsular War
147
in 1812, Napoleon and 400,000 troops encountered severe difficulties as a result of the ______ used by the Russian leader in response to France's invasion.
Scorched-earth policy
148
after suffering defeat at the hands of King Frederick William III of Prussia and ______ of Russia, Napoleon was exiled to the island of ______.
1. Czar Alexander I
| 2. Elba
149
after escaping from exile, Napoleon gathered volunteers from the French countryside and seized power from _____.
King Louis VXIII
150
napoleon's last bid for power, called ______, ended with his defeat at the ______.
1. Hundred Days
| 2. Battle of Waterloo
151
Which country suffered the most lost territory as a result of the unification of Italy?
Austria
152
What city became the capital of the Kingdom of Italy after the conquest of the Papal States?
Rome
153
Which of the following was the leader of the red shirts?
Giuseppe Garibaldi
154
Which event did Otto Van Bismarck use to gain support from Germans in the south?
Franco-Prussian War
155
Who originated the political style known as realpolitik?
Otto Van Bismarck
156
What was the title given to the ruler of the new, unified German empire?
Kaiser
157
Main Idea for Ch 5 Section 1: Spain's Empire and European Absolutism
Economics - During a time of religious and economic instability, Philip II ruled Spain with a strong hand.
158
Main Idea for Ch 5 Section 2: The Reign of Louis XIV
Power and Authority - After a century of war and riots, France was ruled by Louis XIV, the most powerful monarch of his time.
159
Main Idea for Ch 5 Section 3: Central European Monarchs Clash
Power and Authority - After a period of turmoil, absolute monarchs ruled Austria and the Germanic state of Prussia.
160
Main Idea for Ch 5 Section 4: Absolute Rulers of Russia
Power and Authority - Peter the Great made many changes in Russia to try and make it more like Western Europe.
161
Main Idea for Ch 5 Section 5: Parliament Limits the English Monarchy
Revolution - Absolute rulers in England were overthrown, and Parliament gained power.
162
Main Idea for Ch 6 Section 1: The Scientific Revolution
Science and Technology - In the mid-1500s, scientists began to question accepted beliefs and make new theories based on experimentation.
163
Main Idea for Ch 6 Section 2: The Enlightenment in Europe
Power and Authority - A revolution in intellectual activity challenged Europeans’ view of government and society.
164
Main Idea for Ch 6 Section 3: The Enlightenment Spreads
Power and Authority - Enlightenment ideas spread through the western world and profoundly influenced the arts and government.
165
Main Idea for Ch 7 Section 1: The French Revolution Begins
Economics - Economic and social inequalities in the Old Regime helped cause the French Revolution.
166
Main Idea for Ch 7 Section 2: Revolution Brings Reform and Terror
Revolution - The revolutionary government of France made reforms but also used terror and violence to retain power.
167
Main Idea for Ch 7 Section 3: Napoleon Forges an Empire
Power and Authority - Napoleon Bonaparte, a military genius, seized power in France and made himself emperor.
168
Main Idea for Ch 7 Section 4: Napoleon's Empire Collapses
Power and Authority - Napoleon’s conquests aroused nationalistic feelings across Europe and contributed to his downfall.
169
Main Idea for Ch 7 Section 5: The Congress of Vienna
Power and Authority - After exiling Napoleon, European leaders at the Congress of Vienna tried to restore order and reestablish peace.
170
Main Idea for Ch 8 Section 1: Latin American Peoples Win Independence
Revolution - Spurred by discontent and Enlightenment ideas, peoples in Latin America fought colonial rule.
171
Main Idea for Ch 8 Section 2: Europe Faces Revolutions
Revolution - Liberal and nationalist uprisings challenged the old consecutive order of Europe.
172
Main Idea for Ch 8 Section 3: Nationalism
Power and Authority - Nationalism contributed to the formation of two new nations and a new political order in Europe.
