FINAL FINAL 😭😭😭

Question 1

Star

Answer 1

A gigantic atomic furnace where heat is generated by the conversion of hydrogen to helium.

Question 2

Binary star

Answer 2

Two stars linked by a gravitational attraction and revolving around a common center of mass.

Question 3

Lucid star

Answer 3

A star that can be seen with the naked eye.

Question 4

Radio star

Answer 4

Stars that give no visible light but can be detected by radio telescopes.

Question 5

Variable Star

Answer 5

A designation for a star that varies in brightness, with periods ranging from minutes to years.

Question 6

Light year

Answer 6

The distance that light travels in one year, about six trillion miles.

Question 7

Astronomical unit

Answer 7

The average distance between Earth and the Sun, about 93 million miles.

Question 8

Chiasm (Cheese?)

Answer 8

The Hebrew method of listing things in a sandwich fashion.

Question 9

Nebula

Answer 9

A cloud of gas or dust in space. It may be luminous or dark.

Question 10

Galaxy

Answer 10

A giant gathering of stars, gas, and dust, all bound together by gravity.

Question 11

Handspan

Answer 11

When holding the fingers and thumb apart at the end of your outstretched arm, the degree measure from your thumb to your little finger will approximately measure 20°.

Question 12

Zodiac

Answer 12

The twelve constellations that straddle the ecliptic, through which the sun, moon, and planets appear to move throughout the year and known from antiquity.

Question 13

Decans

Answer 13

The thirty-six constellations that have been associated to the twelve constellations of the zodiac from antiquity.

Question 14

Constellation

Answer 14

Stars together, a group of stars that form a picture in the night sky.

Question 15

Asterism

Answer 15

A star pattern identifiable within a constellation, but not itself a constellation.

Question 16

Astronomy

Answer 16

A branch of science that deals with the laws governing celestial bodies.

Question 17

Astrology

Answer 17

A belief system in which the configuration of the sun, moon, planets, and stars are believed to influence human affairs.

Question 18

Cosmology

Answer 18

The study of the nature and workings of the observable universe.

Question 19

Cosmogony

Answer 19

The study of ideas about the origin and generation of the universe.

Question 20

Precession

Answer 20

A slow periodic wobble in Earth’s axis caused by the combined gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon.

Question 21

Summer solstice

Answer 21

Occurs when the sun is at its greatest declination from the celestial equator. The longest day of summer.

Question 22

Vernal equinox

Answer 22

Occurs when the path of the Sun crosses the celestial equator, the beginning of spring.

Question 23

Geocentricity

Answer 23

The belief that Earth is at the center of our solar system instead of our sun.

Question 24

Heliocentricity

Answer 24

The belief that the sun is at the center of the solar system.

Question 25

Parallax

Answer 25

A method whereby astronomers can measure stellar distances by measuring the apparent change in position of a nearby star due to the Earth’s orbital motion around the sun.

Question 26

Parsec

Answer 26

The distance at which a star would have parallax of 1 arc second. It is equal to 3.26 light years.

Question 27

Conjunction

Answer 27

The moment when two celestial objects appear to be very close to each other in the night sky.

Question 28

Occultation

Answer 28

The covering up of one celestial body by another.

Question 29

Zenith

Answer 29

The point on the celestial sphere directly overhead the observer.

Question 30

Nadir (Nadeer)

Answer 30

The point opposite the zenith on the celestial sphere.

Question 31

Apogee

Answer 31

In relation to an object orbiting Earth, the point on its orbit farthest from Earth.

Question 32

Perigee

Answer 32

The point of closest approach to Earth of an object in Earth’s orbit.

Question 33

Black hole

Answer 33

A celestial object so dense that no light can escape from it.

Question 34

Nova

Answer 34

A star that brightens suddenly by several magnitudes as it partially explodes in a thermonuclear reaction.

Question 35

Gravitational Time Dialation

Answer 35

The force that causes clocks and all physical processes to tick at different rates in different parts of the universe.

Question 36

Doppler effect

Answer 36

A phenomenon in which the spectrum of an object changes based on its movement. When moving farther away from us it shifts to the red side, and moving closer it shifts to the blue.

Question 37

Retrograde motion

Answer 37

The apparent westward motion of a planet relative to the stars.

Question 38

Helical rising.

Answer 38

The rising of a celestial object just before the sun’s rising.

Question 39

Milky way

Answer 39

A soft, glowing, and somewhat milky band of light encircling the night sky. It is the disk of the spiral galaxy in which the Sun lies as seen in the inside.

Question 40

Perihelion

Answer 40

The point of closest approach to the sun of an object orbiting the sun.

Question 41

Aphelion

Answer 41

For an object orbiting the Sun, the point of orbit farthest from the Sun.

Question 42

Uniformitariamism

Answer 42

The belief that the actions of physical processes are sufficient to account for all past changes and for the present state of all things.

Question 43

What is magnitude?

Answer 43

A logarithmic unit useful to measure the optical brightness of a celestial objects.

Question 44

What is apperent magnitude?

Answer 44

The brightness of the star from Earth, the higher the number, the dimmer the star.

Question 45

What is absolute magnitude?

Answer 45

The brightness that a celestial object would appear as if viewed when its 10 parsecs from earth.

Question 46

Celestial sphere

Answer 46

Was originally a concept of every star in the sky being attached to a dome.

Question 47

What are the three markings on the celestial sphere?

Answer 47

North celestial pole, South celestial pole, and the celestial equator.

Question 48

What is right ascension?

Answer 48

It is measured from 0-23, with each hour being 15°.

Question 49

What is declination?

Answer 49

Similar to latitude, from from -90 to +90.

Question 50

Explain how to locate stars on the celestial sphere.

Answer 50

the celestial sphere is an imaginary globe that incircles the earth, which all celestial objects can be plotted on using coordinates. To locate a star, you first find it’s declination, which is the angle above or below the celestial equator. This number has a range of -90 to +90. Then, you find Right Ascension, which is how far left or right the star is on the celestial sphere. This has a range of 0-23, which represents the hours in a full rotation of the Earth.

Question 51

Explain the difference between absolute and apparent magnitude.