Final for Hx of Med Flashcards
Egypt’s disease model
humans are born healthy but attacked by demons and intestinal putrefaction
temple sleep
incubation (Egypt)
Imhotep
ancestor of modern physicians
Georg Ebers papyrus
most important and oldest surviving medical text
Asclepius
son of Apollo, the “blameless physician” in The Iliad
epilepsy
the “sacred disease”
Greeks new many diseases
fevers, epilepsy, amenorrhea, puerperal fever, dysentery, malaria, tuberculosis, varicella, diphtheria
Athenian plague
killed thousands in Greece and possible Egypt, cost Athens war with Sparta
iatroi
‘healers’ in Greek Antiquity
Asclepiads
Arose in Greek Antiquity, claimed ancestry to Asclepuis
Asclepion
temples of priest healing (most important were Epidouros and Cos [birthplace of Hippocrates])
Abatons
private areas for pilgrims
Votives
small effigies of affected part left by pilgrims on Asclepion walls as testaments to healing
Empedocles
all things composed of elements: earth, air, fire, water
Alcmaeon of Croton
first suggested health was equilibrium between opposing body “humors”, first human dissection (described optic nerve)
Hippocrates
“Father of Medicine” in Greek Medicine, “primum non nocere” was his primary tenet
Corpus Hippocraticum
many emphasize the patient not the illness, clear foundation of Western medicine - rejects the idea that gods cause disease, calls for “expectative therapy”, comparing microcosm to macrocosm
Chymoi
four “humors” (yellow bile, blood, phlegm, black bile)
regimen
Hippocratic medicine - proper diet, enough sleep, exercise
Hippocratic medicine placed most emphasis on:
prognosis and expectative therapy (disapproved of heroic interventions or risky procedures)
Yellow bile
excess causes summer dysentry and vomiting
Phlegm
causes winter colds and other diseases
Blood
associated with life; plentiful in springtime
Alexandria
became capital of Ptolemaic Egypt and a world center of education (Hellenistic Medicine)
