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Viro > Final (new) > Flashcards

Final (new) Flashcards

1
Q

Reoviridae

A
  • non-envoloped
  • spherical
  • 3 layers
  • dsRNA
  • replication: cytoplasm
  • gene reassortment
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2
Q

African Horse Sickness

A
  • reoviridae: sedoreovirinae: orbivirus
  • infectious, non-contagious arthropod borne (culicoides) disease or equine
  • zebra: inapparent infection, resivor
  • dogs get via ingestion of infectious carcass
  • outer capsid protein
  • acute: pulmonary; dunkop; edema; nasal discharge, fluid in trachea
  • subacute: dikkop: edema or eye; cardiac and GI
  • dx: PCR
  • vaccine
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3
Q

Bluetounge

A
  • reoviridae: sedoreovirinae: orbivirus
  • infectious, contagious, insect born (culicodes midge)
  • also transplacental and veneral in cattle
  • sheep and deer
  • innapparent infection in other ruminants
  • list A disease: economic loss
  • 5-10 day incubation
  • mucopurulent nasal discharge
  • cyanosis and ulveration of the tounge
  • abortion, CNS malformation
  • dx: virus isolation via tissue culture of chicken embryo, PCR, Ab detection w/ agar gel or competitive ELISA and necropsy
  • 2 types of vaccines
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4
Q

RVA

A
  • reoviridae: sedoreovirinae: rotavirus
  • most common diarrhea of young
  • VP6 middle layer (naming)
  • VP7 and VP4 for vaccines
  • fecal oral transmission
  • survive in environment; fomite
  • viral multi. on villi of upper SI
  • NSP4 acts as enterotoxin –> malabsorbtion and fluid secretion –> diarrhea
  • calves,, lambs, pigles
  • yellow, watery diarrhea
  • dx: PAGE
  • vaccines
  • zoonotic
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5
Q

avian reovirus

A
  • reoviridae: spinareovirinae: orthoreovirus
  • viral arthrisis/tenosynovitis in chickens (meat)
  • turkeys, ducks necrotic foci on liver, spleen and kidney
  • fecal oral
  • intestinal replication –> blood –> localize in hock joint –> arthrisis
  • clear synovial fluid; atropy pancreas
  • killed and live vaccines (breeder hens)
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6
Q

Rhabdovirus

A
  • ssRNA, linear, negative sense , envoloped
  • surface G proteins
  • N, P, M and L protein
  • stable in environment: pH
  • sensitive to UV and disinfectants
  • replication: cytoplasm
  • receptor binding –> endocytosis –> fusion –>transciption
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7
Q

Rabies virus

A
  • rhabdovirus: lyssavirus
  • ALL mammals
  • most caused by rabid dogs
  • skunks, raccons, fox and wolves in NA
  • resivor: silver haired bats
  • central and S america vampire bats transmit to cattle
  • zoonotic
  • urban (dog) and sylvatic cycle
  • incubation 14-90 days (years)
    A) prodromal phase: agressive, daytime in nocturnal, no fear of ppl
    B) excitative(fury) phase: adgitation and agression; salivary shedding
    C) paralytic (dumb) phase: excesive salivation, paralysis, hydrophobia and death
  • replicates in muscle tissue, binds to receptor of acetlycholine at neurmuscular junction, lumbic system replication
  • eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies (negri bodies)
  • dx: tissue from brain stem and cerebellum
  • AG, nucleic acid or viable virus in REFRENCE lab
  • FAT is gold standard
  • vaccines
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8
Q

lyssavirus

A
  • rhabdovirus
  • all viruses cause rabies like disease
  • bat resivoir
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9
Q

vesiculovirus

A
  • rhabdovirus
  • vesicular stomatitis indiana virus: americas
  • vesicular stomatitis NJ virus: americas
  • vesicular stomatitis alagoas virus: SA
  • cocal virus: SA
  • zoonotic
  • horse, cattle swine and ppl
  • isolated from carp and salmonid
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10
Q

novirhabdovirus

A
  • rhabdovirus
  • infectious hematopoetic necrosis virus: america, EU, asia
  • viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus: EU, NA, asia
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11
Q

vesicular stomatitis virus

A
  • rhabdovirudae: vesiculovirus
  • cattle, swine, horse
  • notifiable
  • vesicular stomatitis
  • incubation 1-5 days
  • lameness in pig
  • cattle and horse: salivation, fever
  • vesicles on tounge
  • in horses tounge lesions most pronounced
  • replicate: intraepithelium of mucosa and skin
  • -> edema, vesicles
  • no virema (exp. pig)
  • biting insect
  • stable in environment
  • dx: vesicular fluid RT-PCR; refrence labs only
  • indistinguishable from other vesicular diseases
  • ONLY infecting horse
  • zoonotic
  • vaccines not commercially available
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12
Q

spring viremia of carp virus

A

rhabdovirus: vesiculovirus

- wild and cultured fish

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13
Q

viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus

A

rhabdovirus: novirhabdovirus
- wild and cultured fish
- systemic infection in salmon
- EU, NA, japan
- fish of all ages
- 100% mortality
- exopthalmia, hemorhage at base of fin and darkened body color
- internal hemorhage in organs mottled liver
- no vaccines

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14
Q

infectious hematopoetic necrosis virus

A

rhabdovirus: novirhabdovirus
- wild and cultured fish
- distension of abdomen due to ascites
- in salmonids
- enzootic in NA and WU
- juvinile fish, less mortality then VHSV

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15
Q

Retroviridae

A
  • exist as stable components in host genome
  • encode reverse transcriptase needed for replication (RNA-dependent polymerase)
  • positive RNA; diploid genome with 2 copies
  • formed by budding; envoloped
  • integrate into genome using integrase
  • spherical; lipid membrane bilayer envelope w/ glycoprotein
  • easily inactivated by lipid solvents or detergents and heating
  • resistant to UV or X-ray
  • gag, pol, env, pro
  • can become oncogenic when c-onc gene becomes v-onc gene
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16
Q

alpharetroviruses

A
  • membrane anchored glycoprotein
  • simple: gag,pro,pol and env
  • type C
  • endogeneous: transmitted horozontally
  • exogeneous: included in host genome
  • Avian leucosis virus
  • Avian sarcoma virus
  • Avian myeloblastosis virus
  • Rous sarcoma virus
17
Q

Betaretroviruses

A
  • transferrin receptor tfr-1
  • gag, pro, pol, env
  • MMTV has sag gene superantigen
  • endogeneous and exogeneous
  • MMTV and Jaagsikte virus of sheep
18
Q

Gammaretroviruses

A 
- several receptors
>mCat1 - mouse viruses
> GLVR1 - dog, cat and primate viruses
> FeLIX and Pit for FeLV
- feline leukemia virus
- feline sarcoma virus
- avian reticuloendotheliosis virus
19
Q

deltaretrovirus

A
    • AP-3 complex receptor
  • complex; type c morphology
  • bovine leukemia; human t-lymphotropic virus
  • gag, pol, pro, env and regulatory genes REX and TAG
  • rex and tag control synthesis and processing of viral RNA
  • only exogeneous
20
Q

epsilonretroviruses

A
  • complex; type C
  • walleye dermal sarcoma virus
  • gag, pro, pol, env and ORF A, B and C
  • endogeneous
21
Q

Lentivirus

A
  • CD4 on T helper cell and CCR5 and CXCR4 on lymphoid cells
  • complex, cylindrical core
  • HIV, caprine arthritis encephalitis virus and meadi visna virus
  • acessory genes
  • exogeneous
  • tat encodes a transactivator that enhances RNA polymerase
  • rev: transport of nonspliced viral RNA
  • nef: essential for replication in target host, can downregulate expression of CD4
  • vif: enhances replication in lymphocytes
22
Q

spumaviruses

A
  • complex
  • human foamy virus
  • assemble in cytoplasm and budded into endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane
23
Q

Feline Leukemia

A
  • gammaretrovirus
  • affecting domestic cats
  • env encodes for glycoprotein gp70(SU) and transmembrane protein p15E(TM)
  • pol codes reverse transcriptase and integrase
  • gag ecodes p27
  • 4 subtypes
    > A: most common
    > B recombination
    > C: mutations in env
    > T: t-lymphocytes
  • exogeneous and endogeneous (enFLV and RD114 virus)
  • cant survive in environment
  • high in multi-cat household
  • viremia is source of infection
  • shed in saliva, grooming and bites
  • viremic queens –> embryonnic death
  • young kittens susceptible and aged resistant
  • SU protein determines pathogenicity
  • spreads via monocytes and lymphocytes
  • viremia in weeks

Viro (1 decks)

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