Final New Flashcards
(36 cards)
Ravens progressive matrices
- tests ability to grasp how things are related and what goes with what
Sternbergs triarchic theory
3 content areas in intelligent behaviour:
- analytic intelligence
- practical intelligence
- creative intelligence
Sternbergs triarchic theory- all content areas of intelligence make use of same 3 intellectual components:
1) meta components (executive processes- planning)
2) performance components (task execution
3) knowledge acquisition components (processes used in learning and storing information)
What do expert problem solvers do?- physics: (chi, feltocivh & glazer)
Novices- surface features
Experts- physical principles releasing to solutions
Chas and Simon- what do experts do- chess
- remember chess board positions
- novices: poor
Expert: excellent
(Only when in legal configurations) - experts chunk, break down problems Ito meaningful subcomponents
- each position mapped rich network representations
Creative discovery
Novel and socially valuable or useful
Problem- finding
The ability to discover new problems, their methods and solutions
Torrance test of creative thinking
- try improve studies toy rabbit so that it will be more fun to play with
- no one else think of, as many as possible, details
Associative hierarchy
Associations used for problem solving are arranged in a hierarchy
- less obvious low
- creative people more associations within same level hierarchy
- leads to ability to access remote associations
Guilford’s Alternative uses task
- name all uses for a brick: Originality Fluency Flexibility Elaboration
Remote associations test (RAT)
Identify works that links the 3 examples
- does expertise prevent solvers from reaching creative solutions?
1) baseball consistent trials
2) baseball inconsistent trials
Novices same both
Experts worse on inconsistent trials
- experts less able to make creative connections due to tendency to think in their area of expertise
Wallah stages of creativity
1) preparation
2) incubation
3) illumination- insight
4) verification
Smith & Blankenship- is incubation for real?
- participants solve puzzles and were periodically given clues (often misleading)
- control: 1 min per puzzl
Experimental: 30 sec, another task, another 30 sec - performance better for experimental group
- experimental group less likely remember cues
- incubation improved performance because Ps forgot misleading clues
- forget previous bad strategies
- break increases cognitive dissonance
Tucking levels of consciousness
Autonoetic- self-knowing, corresponds to episodic memory
Noetic - knowing, corresponds to semantic memory
Anoetic- non- knowing, corresponds to procedural memory
Autonoetic consciousness
Mental time travel
- remember past and plan for future
- disrupted with frontal lobe damage (prefrontal leukotomy)
Chronesthesia- subjective sense of time
Schooler 3 levels of consciousness
- Non-consciousness; continuously monitors and changes the contents of though, tracking and changing behaviour to address immediate goals
- Conscious- simply aware
4”3. Mets conscious- level of consciousness when you direct attention to your own state of
Mind
Blindsight
Condition in which a patient with damage to the primary visual cortex can make accurate judgments about objects presented to their blind area
Encoding
The process of transforming info into one or more forms of representation
Wickens- unconscious and fast
- events can be encoded along several dimensions simultaneously
Subliminal perception
Perception without awareness
- it occu s when the stimulus is tok weak to be consciously recognized but still has an impact on your behaviour
Linen= threshold
Dissociation paradigm
An experimental strategy designed to show that it is possible to perceive stimuli in the absence of conscious awareness
Eg; backward masking, in attentional blindness
Backward masking
- invoices presenting a stimulus, called the target to the participant and covering or masking the target with another stimulus
- or have a very brief interval between target and mask
- direct and indirect responses measured to see if stimulus is detected and/ or has an influence on behaviour
Mack &a rock- inattentional blindness
- participants task was to judge relative length of line
- word presented briefly in one of four quadrants
- participants claimed to not notice word
- participants later completed word completion task
- participants significantly more accurate completing words they had unconsciously processed
Process dissociation procedure
- an experimental technique that requires participants not to respond with items they have previously observed
Implicit perception
The effect of
An object on a person’s experience, action, or thought, in the absence of
Conscious perception
