final part 1

Question 1

Which of the following is true of a neuron in the resting state?

Answer 1

The inside of the cell membrane is negative compared to the outside.

Question 2

When Rosa has a cold, she cannot taste the flavor of her pizza. Which of the following psychological terms describes Rosa’s inability to taste?

Answer 2

Sensory interaction

Question 3

Introspection as practiced by early structuralists is best illustrated by which of the following behaviors?

Answer 3

Describing one’s immediate sensations while looking at a rose

Question 4

Receptors for olfaction are located

Answer 4

in the nasal cavity.

Question 5

A reason that one typically does not notice a blind spot in the visual field is that

Answer 5

the brain fills in missing information so there is no awareness that the visual field is incomplete.

Question 6

Joel’s pupils become dilated, his digestion is reduced, and his skin becomes cold. Which system is controlling bodily changes?

Answer 6

Sympathetic

Question 7

Janice creates training programs to develop the emotional intelligence of her company’s sales force. This is done to increase sales and to help the climate of her workplace. Which of the following best describes the field in which Janice works?

Answer 7

Industrial-organizational psychology

Question 8

Which of the following would most likely result from an injury to the medulla?

Answer 8

A life-threatening disruption of heartbeat and breathing

Question 9

Tina is reading an important letter when she accidentally splashes water on the paper. The water has smudged a few words, but she is still able to understand what the letter says. This can be explained by

Answer 9

top-down processing.

Question 10

The numbers below represent the quiz results for a psychology class.
10, 3, 5, 7, 10, 3, 10, 5, 2

Answer 10

5

Question 11

In a normal distribution, which of the following statements is true about the area that falls between one standard deviation above and one standard deviation below the mean?

Answer 11

It contains the middle 68% of the distribution.

Question 12

Reuptake of a neurotransmitter refers to

Answer 12

absorption of the neurotransmitter into the terminal buttons of the sending neuron.

Question 13

13. Which of the following is a statistical approach concerned with forming conclusions about the effect of the independent variable on variations in the dependent variable?

Answer 13

Inferential

Question 14

In the figure below, where do selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have their initial effect?

Answer 14

C

Question 15

In extreme cases, surgically severing the corpus callosum is a treatment for which of the following conditions?

Answer 15

Epilepsy

Question 16

À participant in a study of music perception listens to music with electrodes attached to her scalp while data are collected on the activity of her brain. This technique is called

Answer 16

electroencephalography (EEG)

Question 17

A person with damage to Broca’s arca would most likely demonstrate which of the following symptoms?

Answer 17

Difficulty with speech production

Question 18

In the figure below, where does the neurotransmitter dopamine have its effect?

Answer 18

E

Question 19

In the dark, an object is more clearly seen when viewed in peripheral vision than when viewed directly. This phenomenon occurs because the rods located in the retina are

Answer 19

more sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea.

Question 20

Damage to which of the following best explains conduction deafness?

Answer 20

Hammer, anvil, and stirrup

Question 21

Which monocular depth clue is illustrated in the figure below? ( vertical)

Answer 21

Linear Perspective

Question 22

One-year-old Marcus turns away in disgust if a bitter substance is placed on his tongue. The reason for such a reaction is most likely

Answer 22

an inborn distaste for bitter that protects us from potential poisons in the environment.

Question 23

Which of the following is true regarding visual information processing?

Answer 23

Bipolar cells relay information to ganglion cells that form the optic nerve.

Question 24

What is the correct chronological order of the following perspectives of psychology, from past to present?

Answer 24

III, II, I IV Structuralism, Psychoanalysis, Behaviorism,

Question 25

Negative afterimages are explained by

Answer 25

the opponent-process theory.

Question 26

Which of the following psychologists would have been likely to say, "I do not care about the unconscious or hidden motives I want to study behavior directly"?

Answer 26

John Watson

Question 27

After an electrode implanted in a cat's brain stimulates the cat's amygdala, the cat will most likely do which of the following?

Answer 27

Immediately withdraw in fear

Question 28

Latisha noticed that in the early evening she begins to have difficulty seeing the vibrant colors in her artwork. Which of the following best explains her difficulty?

Answer 28

Her cones cannot detect color well in dim light.

Question 29

Which of the following conditions most often results from having an extra copy of chromosome 21?

Answer 29

Down syndrome

Question 30

The ability to see a cube in the diagram below is best explained by which of the following?

Answer 30

Gestalt principles of closure and continuity.

Question 31

The function of dendrites is to

Answer 31

receive information from other neurons.

Question 32

Experimental research differs from correlational research in that experimental research

Answer 32

may reveal a causal relation.

Question 33

Luz, a math major, sees the drawing below as a Venn Diagram. Her brother, an art major, sees is as two circles, The difference in perception is an example of

Answer 33

top-down processing.

Question 34

À research psychologist generalizes from a particular sample to an entire population. This is an example of

Answer 34

statistical inference

Question 35

The nature-nurture issue is best exemplified by which of the following questions?

Answer 35

Is level of intelligence the result of one's environment and specific learning, or is it a result of biological maturation?

Question 36

Which of the following correctly pairs subdivisions within the major divisions of the human nervous system?

Answer 36

Autonomic...sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 37

While watching TV with his son, Min is asked to turn up the volume. After doing so, he is asked to turn it up again. Evidently, the first increase was below his son's

Answer 37

difference threshold.

Question 38

The pitch of a sound is analogous to which of the following features of light?

Answer 38

Hue

Question 39

In the figure below, a patient has been asked to draw a slash through each circle. The pattern of responses suggests that the patient has most likely experienced damage in which of the following areas?

Answer 39

Right hemisphere

Question 40

A rescarcher is trying to determine whether a new painkilling medicine is effective in reducing headaches. Twenty adult participants sit in a noisy environment for 30 minutes and then rate the severity of their headaches on a scale from O (none) to 5 (intense). Group M (the medicine group) receives a normal dose of the medicine. Group C (the control group) rests quietly. After 20 minutes, all participants again complete the headache rating scale. The statistically significant differences in headache severity on the posttest appear in the graph below.

Answer 40

The medicine

Question 41

Which of the following supports the opponent-process theory of color vision?

Answer 41

Aftweimages

Question 42

Carlos sees the figure below as six unified columns, not four unified rows. Which of the following Gestalt principles is operating most strongly?

Answer 42

Similarity

Question 43

As a ballerina, Betty has a sense of when she needs to move a part of her body to get a position just right. This sense of one's bodily position in space is known as

Answer 43

kinesthesis.

Question 44

All of the following are American Psychological Association ethical guidelines for researchers EXCEPT:

Answer 44

Research may not involve deception

Question 45

The process by which information is changed from physical information to neural information that can be processed by the brain is known as

Answer 45

transduction

Question 46

Which of the following would a social learning theorist be most likely to propose as a cause for a fear of flying?

Answer 46

A person observed someone else's fear of flying.

Question 47

In right-handed individuals, which of the following abilities is predominantly a function of the right hemisphere of the brain?

Answer 47

Spatial reasoning

Question 48

Ana injured her eye in an accident and has to wear a patch over the eye while it heals. Which of the following cues would she best be able to use to make judgments about the distance objects are from her?

Answer 48

Linear perspective

Question 49

Research has shown that a major reason for poor performance while multitasking is that while multitasking, people

Answer 49

switch their attention rapidly from task to task, so they miss critical information associated with a task that is not receiving their attention.

Question 50

On a test, the mean score for a class of 100 students is 80 and the standard deviation of the scores is 10. The professor who gave the test then realizes that she made a scoring error, which she corrects by adding 5 points to each student's score. The standard deviation of the students new scores is

Answer 50

10

Question 51

It can be assumed that an individual described as a supertaster

Answer 51

is very sensitive to hot peppers.

Question 52

When viewed from the window of a moving train, nearby objects seem to pass by more quickly than do more distant objects. This cue for depth perception is called

Answer 52

motion parallax.

Question 53

Immediately after firing a neuron is incapable of responding to stimulation. This condition is referred to as

Answer 53

the absolute refractory phase.

Question 54

Which of the following theories most accurately explains pitch perception?

Answer 54

II and III only Frequency and place

Question 55

The psychological experience of pitch is related to a sound wave's

Answer 55

frequency

Question 56

A researcher asks participants to identify red shapes presented on a video screen. Following this, novel objects of various colors are depicted on the screen. Participants correctly identified red objects more quickly than objects of a different color. The result illustrates

Answer 56

primiing

Question 57

Standard deviation is a measure of how much

Answer 57

scores in a group differ from the mean of that group.

Question 58

An evolutionary psychologist would explain that humans desire social interaction, social acceptance, and social affiliation due to a need for

Answer 58

survival

Question 59

Feature detectors are neurons that are turned on or off by specific features of visual stimuli like edges and movement. Where in the visual system are these feature detectors located?

Answer 59

Occipital Cortex

Question 60

A sound is often detected by one ear more intensely and a fraction of a second earlier than it is detected by the other ear. These cues help individuals determine the

Answer 60

location of the source.

Question 61

A trait that appears in an organism only when both parents possess the gene for that trait is referred to as

Answer 61

recessive

Question 62

While reviewing scores from a chapter test, a teacher discovered that the mean score was higher than the median. Which of the following statements is most likely correct?

Answer 62

The distribution of scores for the test is positively skewed

Question 63

Consistent with the concept of neural plasticity, neurons in mammals have been found to change the way they function as a result of repeated stimulation by doing which of the following?

Answer 63

Growing new dendrite spines

Question 64

Using cell phones while driving increases the number of accidents because use of the phone requires

Answer 64

selective attention

Question 65

While at a crowded gathering, Zach realized that his attention was being drawn away from his conversation every time a person nearby said the word "exactly." Zach's response is an example of

Answer 65

the cocktail party effect.

Question 66

People who live in environments with buildings with square corners and right angles are more susceptible to the Müller-Lyer illusion than are people who live in environments without such angles and corners. The difference in perception between the two groups of people reveals that

Answer 66

people develop perceptual hypotheses based on experiences in their lives.

Question 67

In visual perception, size constancy occurs as an object comes closer to the viewer because the

Answer 67

perceived distance of the object becomes smaller.

Question 68

Which of the following statements about the perception of taste is true?

Answer 68

Older adults frequently experience decreases in the sense of smell that make it more difficult to perceive the flavor of food.

Question 69

Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system results in which of the following?

Answer 69

A decrease in heart rate

Question 70

Samir attends several loud concerts over the course of a year. At the end of the year he notices that he is having trouble hearing and his doctor diagnosis him With nerve deafness. What part of his ear was most likely damaged by the loud music?

Answer 70

Cochlea

Question 71

Which of the following research approaches would be best for testing the hypothesis that the presence of certain odors causes people to gamble more?

Answer 71

experimental

Question 72

After spending hours in her kitchen preparing dinner, Rebecca no longer notices the strong smell of garlic until her guests arrive and mention the smell. Her failure to notice the smell of garlic illustrates

Answer 72

sensory adaptation.

Question 73

Eleanor Gibson and Richard Wal used a visual cliff with a glass-covered drop-off to examine behavior with crawling infants. Even when coaxed by their mothers to crawl onto the glass covering, most infants refused to do so, indicating that they had developed which of the following?

Answer 73

depth perception

Question 74

Although Sasha sees her AP Psychology teacher every day, she didn't recognize the teacher when she ran into her at the movie theatre. This best illustrates

Answer 74

context effects

Question 75

The notion that human behavior is greatly influenced by unconscious thoughts and desires is most consistent with which of the following psychological approaches?

Answer 75

Psychodynamic

Question 76

Ernst Weber's and Gustav Fechner's psychological laws concern the relation between which of the following?

Answer 76

The intensity of a stimulus and its corresponding psychological sensation.

Question 77

George was involved in an accident and experienced head trauma. Although his eyes were functioning normally, he was unable to see. Which area of the brain was most likely affected by the accident?

Answer 77

The occipital lobe

Question 78

In an experiment to test the effects of hunger on aggressive behavior, aggressive behavior would be the

Answer 78

dependent variable.