Final pt II

Question 1

What defines a food-bourne disease outbreak (FBDO)?

Answer 1

the occurrence of 2 or more cases of a similar illness resulting from the ingestion of a common food

Question 2

What is the most prominent pathogen implicated in FBDO’s?

Answer 2

Norovirus (58% of occurrences).

Question 3

Injuries account for how many deaths/year?

Answer 3

About 5 million

Question 4

What is the NCIPC

Answer 4

Nation center for injury prevention and control. Established by CDC in 1992

Question 5

What is the primary federal organization for violence prevention in the US?

Answer 5

NCIPC

Question 6

What is the mission of the NCIPC?

Answer 6

to prevent injuries and violence and to reduce their consequences

Question 7

What is an unintentional injury and how many lives are claimed by them each year?

Answer 7

Unplanned injury. LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH among persons around 44 years of age.

Question 8

Intentional injuries account for how much of overall injuries?

Answer 8

1/3

Question 9

What are the #2 and #3 causes of death for people between 15-34 years old?

Answer 9

Homicide (#2) Suicide (#3)

Question 10

What is the MC cause of nonfatal violence?

Answer 10

Unintentional injuries (65%)

Question 11

T/F

The nonfatal violence contributing to the high figure of unintentional injuries includes machinery and vehicles?

Answer 11

False,

Human, animal, inanimate object

Question 12

***What are the top 3 causes of unintentional injury fatalities?

Answer 12

Traffic crashes
Poisoning
Falls

Question 13

***Alcohol impairment represents what percentage of traffic crash deaths?

Answer 13

40%

Question 14

What is the highest risk age group for alcohol impaired traffic fatal injury?

Answer 14

16-19 yrs.

Question 15

What gender (teen aged) has been identified at being a higher risk for fatal traffic injuries?

Answer 15

Males

Question 16

T/F

Considering poisonings, drugs is almost always the culprit?

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What kind of drugs are mostly to blame for poinsonings?

Answer 17

Opioid pain medications (like vicodin), followed by cocaine and heroin.

Question 18

Are men or women more at risk for a poisoning injury?

Answer 18

Men

Question 19

What is the leading cause of injury death among older adults?

Answer 19

Falls

Question 20

How much of the older adult population experience fall injuries each year?

Answer 20

1/3 of adults 65 and over

Question 21

T/F

Healthcare benefits tend to be focused on treatments that are clinically necessary for the employee?

Answer 21

False,

they tend to be more employment oriented

Question 22

T/F

The number of work related injuries has increased over the past few years

Answer 22

False,

They have decreased

Question 23

What 3 things have attributed to the overall decrease in work related injuries?

Answer 23

Improved health and safety efforts
Technological advances in the workplace
A more service-based economy

Question 24

***What is the #1 work related injury?

Answer 24

Sprain/strain

Question 25

***Less than 10% of injured workers account for how much of total work related injury costs?

Answer 25

Greater than 80%

Question 26

***What are direct costs?

Answer 26

Cost of all insurance claims for any injury or illness

Question 27

***What are indirect costs?

Answer 27

All the "uninsured" additional costs associated with injury

Question 28

Which one is greater: indirect costs or direct costs?

Answer 28

Indirect costs usually

Question 29

**What is the most common work related injury costs due to?

Answer 29

Low back pain

Question 30

***Out of all the things that can cause back pain, what is the main one?

Answer 30

Improper lifting

Question 31

How much of work related injuries and illnesses that call for time off work are attributed to MSD's (musculoskeletal disorders)?

Answer 31

30%

Question 32

What accounts for 1/3 of all work related injuries and results in the longest absences from work?

Answer 32

Ergonomics-related injuries

Question 33

***What is the MC cumulative trauma disorder?

Answer 33

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 34

Chiropractic in workers compensation focuses on what 2 outcomes?

Answer 34

Improving function | Good ergonomics

Question 35

T/F Often, because chiropractic care is so specific, people return to work in better condition, but at a slower rate

Answer 35

False, People return to work faster with chiropractic care

Question 36

What was the cost of injured workers for getting better with chiropractic care as opposed to other forms of care?

Answer 36

Chiropractic was most cost effecient

Question 37

What are 3 reasons chiropractic is more cost efficient for work related injuries?

Answer 37

Professional costs are generally lower Wage replacement is less because people return to work faster Decreased usage of expensive diagnostic treatments and health facilities (e.g. hospitals).

Question 38

T/F Workers comp requires the diagnosis to be entirely work related?

Answer 38

True

Question 39

What does workers comp allow for duration of care?

Answer 39

Until pre-inury status, or maximal medical improvement is obtained (which ever comes first).

Question 40

T/F Workers not returning to work within the first 2 months will likely never return to productive employment regardless of how severe or benign the injury was?

Answer 40

True

Question 41

What are 6 risk factors related to having a disability?

Answer 41

``` Older age Being female Having a back or neck diagnosis Being divorced Working for a small employer Being in a time of high unemployment ```

Question 42

What can chiropractors couple with the adjustment for treating workers comp patients?

Answer 42

Exercise in the sub-acute phase of injury

Question 43

Should expect workers com patient to be back to work within 6-8 weeks, if not:

Answer 43

Aggressive rehab | Identify recovery barriers

Question 44

What is the lifetime prevalence of back and neck pain?

Answer 44

85%

Question 45

What site is the most common reported for joint pain?

Answer 45

Low back

Question 46

***What is the most common ailment treated by BOTH MD's and DC's?

Answer 46

Low back pain

Question 47

T/F Low back pain is an HP 2020 priority

Answer 47

True

Question 48

T/F Low back pain is more frequent in males?

Answer 48

False, Females

Question 49

T/F Low back injury is MC in females?

Answer 49

False, Males

Question 50

What is the most frequent diagnosis in low back pain?

Answer 50

Disc degeneration

Question 51

What age range does the majority of neck pain fall under?

Answer 51

18-64

Question 52

T/F Neck pain tends to stabilize around 45-64

Answer 52

True

Question 53

Which gender has greater issues with neck pain?

Answer 53

Females

Question 54

What is CSD?

Answer 54

Chronic spinal disorders