Final Review

Question 1

What blocks K+ rectifier currents in beta cells, result in calcium induced vesicle fusion, include 1st & 2nd generation sulfonylurea drugs?

Answer 1

Insulin secretagogues

Question 2

Why are older sedative hypnotics not considered as safe as newer versions?

Answer 2

They show a linear dose-response progression after hypnosis.

Question 3

This lab test measures the activity of the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation.

Answer 3

aPTT

Question 4

Which seizure type is characterized by sudden loss of muscle tone?

Answer 4

Atonic

Question 5

Which effect is beneficial associated with hypnotic sleep aids?

Answer 5

Increased Stage 2 NREM sleep

Question 6

Describe the molecular mechanism for insulin release from the pancreatic beta cells.

Answer 6

In work

Question 7

What is the MOA of Biguanide?

Answer 7

…

Question 8

What is the MOA of Sulfonylurea?

Answer 8

…

Question 9

What is the MOA of Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?

Answer 9

….

Question 10

What is the MOA of Amylin analogs?

Answer 10

…

Question 11

What is the MOA of GLP-1 agonists?

Answer 11

…

Question 12

What is the MOA of Gliflozins?

Answer 12

….

Question 13

One of the primary downstream effects of insulin binding to the insulin receptor is?

Answer 13

translocation of GLUT to the cell membrane

Question 14

What are the interactions of GLP-1 agonists & DPP-4 antagonists?

Answer 14

Same effects at different receptors

Question 15

What receptor is the target for Zofran?

Answer 15

5HT3

Question 16

What is an agonist for 5-HT 1D/1B?

Answer 16

Sumatriptan

Question 17

A Pt on HMWH & an aPTT of 90sec is switched to LMWH. What effects will be seen?

Answer 17

Decreased activity on thrombin

Question 18

What medication is useful for focal seizures by blocking Na+ channels?

Answer 18

Lacosamide

Question 19

What statin therapy will help raise HDL?

Answer 19

Niacin

Question 20

What cholesterol medication inhibits proteins binding to LDLR?

Answer 20

PCSK9 inhibitors

Question 21

Do statins result in cutaneous vasodilation?

Answer 21

No

Question 22

Chronic complications of DM induced by the polyol pathway are caused by?

Answer 22

Glucose conversion to sorbitol & fructose, which increase osmotic pressure inside the cell.

Question 23

Which enzyme is targeted by Fomepizole?

Answer 23

alcohol dehydrogenase

Question 24

Which drug inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase & is used in treating etoh addiction?

Answer 24

disfulram

Question 25

Match the following with their primary MOA: Aminocaproic acid Heparin Clopidogrel Hirudin Streptokinase Aspirin Abciximab Vitamin K Choices: A) Indirect thrombin inhibitor B) Block GP IIa/IIIb on platelets C) Directly inhibits thrombin D) Activates plasminogen to plasmin E) Replenishes clotting factors F) Blocks ADP receptor G) Inhibits txa production H) Blocks activation of plasminogen to plasmin

Answer 25

- Aminocaproic acid = H - Heparin = A - Clopidogrel = F - Hirudin = C - Streptokinase = D - Aspirin = G - Abciximab = B - Vitamin K = E

Question 26

What med can be given prior to surgery to someone with hemophilia?

Answer 26

Aminocaproic acid

Question 27

Cholesterol's 2 sources are?

Answer 27

- Dietary cholesterol - Endogenous production via the HMG or mevalon pathway

Question 28

Bile acid binding resins are often prescribed to people with which comorbidities?

Answer 28

- Hypercholesterolemia - DM

Question 29

What is Vitamin K's role in coagulation?

Answer 29

Participates in redox reactions in the formation of coagulation factors

Question 30

Which histamine receptor is primarily involved in bronchoconstriction?

Answer 30

H1

Question 31

Which drug, that works on ion channels, is used in absent seizures?

Answer 31

Ethosuxamide

Question 32

How does t-pa aid in the dissolution of clots?

Answer 32

Aids in conversion of plasminogen to plasmin

Question 33

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is associated with a deficiency in?

Answer 33

Thiamine (Vitamin B-1)

Question 34

What is the blood target level of free phenytoin?

Answer 34

1-2mcg/mL

Question 35

What is responsible for the triple response in allergy testing?

Answer 35

Histamine

Question 36

Agammaglodulinemia is?

Answer 36

...

Question 37

Cox-2 selective inhibitors are better than ASA because they?

Answer 37

...

Question 38

Anti-cancer agents that target the mitotic spindle are all?

Answer 38

...

Question 39

Vitamine are?

Answer 39

...

Question 40

Name 2 effects of opioids for which there is no or little tolerance?

Answer 40

...