Final Review

Question 1

Triple alliance

Answer 1

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

Question 2

Triple Entente

Answer 2

France, Russia, Britain

Question 3

Zimmerman note/Mexico

Answer 3

Germen proposal for Mexico to attack the U.S. in exchange for territory. This is the key reason for U.S. entry into WW1

Question 4

Lusitania

Answer 4

British passenger ship sunk by German U-boat in 1915. Increased tension between Germany and the U.S.

Question 5

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Answer 5

Heir to Austro-Hungarian throne assassinated in Sarajevo on 1914. Sparked the outbreak of WW1

Question 6

Black Hand

Answer 6

Serbian nationalist group responsible for the assassination of Franz Ferdinand

Question 7

Western Front

Answer 7

Key WW1 battleground in France. Known for trench warfare and stalemates

Question 8

Imperialism

Answer 8

Competition for colonies increased tension between European powers

Question 9

Nationalism

Answer 9

Pride in one’s nation; led to rivalries and independence movements

Question 10

Militarism

Answer 10

Arms race and focus on military strength heightened tensions.

Question 11

Mobilization

Answer 11

Rapid preparation and movement of armies

Question 12

Trench Warfare

Answer 12

Soldiers fought from trenches; characterized by harsh conditions and high casualties

Question 13

Armistice

Answer 13

Agreement stop fighting signed November 11, 1918

Question 14

New technology

Answer 14

Tanks, machine guns, poison gas, airplanes, and submarines revolutionized warfare

Question 15

Paris Peace Conference

Answer 15

1919 meeting to negotiate peace treaties; resulted in Treaty of Versailles

Question 16

Germany After the War

Answer 16

Faced reparations, territorial losses, and economic hardship

Question 17

Allied Powers

Answer 17

Britain, Soviet Union, U.S., France

Question 18

Axis Powers

Answer 18

Germany, Italy, Japan

Question 19

Hitler

Answer 19

Dictator of Nazi Germany; initiated WWII with the invasion of Poland

Question 20

Rommel

Answer 20

Germen general known as the “Desert Fox” for campaigns in North Africa

Question 21

Hirohito

Answer 21

Emperor of Japan during WWII

Question 22

Poland/Date

Answer 22

Germany Invaded Poland on September 1, 1939, starting WWII

Question 23

Pearl Habor

Answer 23

Japanese attack on U.S. naval base on December 7, 1941; led to U.S. entry into WWll. Known as day of infamy.

Question 24

D-Day

Answer 24

Allied invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944; turning point in Europe

Question 25

Atomic Bomb

Answer 25

Dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945; ended WWll in the Pacific

Question 26

Island Hopping

Answer 26

U.S. strategy to capture key islands in the pacific, moving closer to Japan

Question 27

Holocaust

Answer 27

Nazi genocide of 6 million Jews and other groups

Question 28

Final solution

Answer 28

Hitler's plan to exterminate Jews in concentration camps

Question 29

Mein Kampf

Answer 29

Hitler's book outlining his ideology and future plans

Question 30

Third Reich

Answer 30

Nazi regime in Germany from 1933 to 1945

Question 31

appeasement

Answer 31

policy of giving in to Hitler's demands to avoid conflict (e.g. Munich Agreement)

Question 32

Czar Nicholas ll

Answer 32

Last emperor of Russia; overthrown in the 1917 revolution

Question 33

Bolsheviks/Lenin

Answer 33

Communist group led by Lenin; took control after the Russian Revolution

Question 34

Superpowers

Answer 34

U.S. and USSR dominated global politics during the Cold War

Question 35

Satellite states

Answer 35

Eastern European countries controlled by the soviet union

Question 36

Buffer zones

Answer 36

Soviet-controlled countries created to protect USSR from invasion

Question 37

Cold War

Answer 37

ideological conflict between U.S. (capitalism) and USSR (communism)

Question 38

Berlin wall

Answer 38

Divided East (communist) and west (democratic) Berlin

Question 39

Iron Curtain

Answer 39

Term for the division of Europe into communist and non-communist areas

Question 40

Winston Churchill

Answer 40

British Prime Minister; coined the term "Iron Curtain"

Question 41

Warsaw pact

Answer 41

military alliance of soviet and eastern bloc countries

Question 42

NATO

Answer 42

military alliance of western nations to counter soviet power

Question 43

containment policy

Answer 43

U.S. strategy to stop the spread of communism