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final review Flashcards

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1
Q

what was the public perception of Hoover during the depression?

A

-he was hated
-seen as insensitive toward the people’s suffering
-do nothing president

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2
Q

what was the negative impact of the tawley-smoot tariff?

A

-worldwide depression deepened due to trade barriers

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3
Q

how did FDR and Hoover differ regarding how to deal with the great depression?

A

-FDR had personal charisma and willingness to experiment
-hoover did not do much, seemed insensitive

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4
Q

what was the first thing FDR did for the national banking crisis?

A

-declared a bank holiday

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5
Q

what was seen as the most radical, “socialist” program of FDR?

A

-social security act of 1935

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6
Q

what was the political result of the 1932 and 1936 presidential elections?

A

-FDR won both, African Americans shifted political alliegances

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7
Q

what as the long term result and impact of the New Deal in terms of impact on American’s daily lives?

A

-women were included more in government positions
-african Americans shifted political alliegances
-indian recognition act

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8
Q

what factors led to the rise of the Nazi party in the 1930s in Germany?

A

-a failing economy and inept leaders led to a dissatisfied population

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9
Q

what was the U.S. initial response to the growing concern of fascism in Europe?

A

-isolation and non-intervention

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10
Q

what country did Germany invade in 1939 to start WWII?

A

-poland

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11
Q

what was the event that led the U.S. to no longer be neutral in WWII?

A

-pearl harbor
-surprise bombing of U.S. by japan

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12
Q

what motivated FDR to run for a third term in 1940?

A

-he thought a change in leadership would make the crisis worse
-wanted to continue carrying out his new deal plans

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13
Q

what terms were included in the Atlantic charter of 1941?

A

-no territorial expansion
-self-determination for all peoples
-reduced trade restrictions
-international cooperation for economic and social advancment
-freedom from fear and want
-freedom of the seas
-abandonment of force
-disarmament of agressor nations

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14
Q

what was the result of African Americans moving north during WWII to find wartime industry jobs?

A

-increase in urbanization and industrialization
-civil right changes
-riots/discrimination
-social/demographic changes

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15
Q

what was the supreme court’s justification for the internment camps in korematsu v. us?

A

-military necesity

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16
Q

what reasons did Truman give to justify dropping the atomic bomb against Japan to end the war?

A

-end the war quicker
-less casualties
-no invasion
-demonstrated American atomic power to other nations

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17
Q

what was the purpose of the house of unamerican activities?

A

-investigate alleged disloyalty and subversive activities
-for private citizens, public employees, and organizations suspected of having communist affiliations

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18
Q

what economic conditions existed post-WWII, 1950s America?

A

-rapid economic growth
-growing middle class
-low unemployment
-white collar workers on the rise

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19
Q

what event started the space race?

A

-launch of sputnik (orbiting space satelite) by the soviet union

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20
Q

what was the determining factor in the 1960 electoral victory of JFK over richard nixon?

A

-televised debate
-JFK had stronger presence

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21
Q

what was the american reaction to vietnam by the late 1960s?

A

-they thought they should stop fighting
-hopeless war
-going nowhere

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22
Q

vietnamization

A

-handing the war back over to the vietnamese people

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23
Q

war powers act of 1973

A

-designed to limit the president’s power after the watergate scandal
-required the president to consult with congress before introducing troops soemwhere

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24
Q

what was the overall result of perestroika and glasnost?

A

-fall of USSR
-perestroika = economic reform
-glasnost = openness
-changed major soviet policies

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25
who was the "silent majority" that voted for nixon in the 1968 election?
-law-abiding non protestors
26
what was the ruling of the brown v. board of education case?
-segregation ruled unconstitutional -schools were to integrate whites and blacks
27
what were LBJ's great society reforms?
-aimed to eradicate poverty -expanded social security, medicare, medicaid, and reformed education -allievate suffering of the population
28
what were the lasting impacts of LBJ's great society reforms in terms of health care?
-social security for senior citizens -medicare/medicaid programs
29
what was the result of the voting rights act of 1965?
-prohibited racial discrimination for voters
30
what increased the amount of supporters for the black nationalism movement in the 1970s?
-rally against social injustices that had been present since end of civil war -nonviolent protest wasn't making enough progress
31
what was the equal rights amendment?
-proposed amendment to grant equal rights to U.S. citizens regardless of sex
32
was the equal rights amendment successful?
-achieved symbolic and legisllative victories -never fully ratified by states
33
why was jimmy carter a favored presidential candidate in 1976?
-political outsider -morally good person -separate from watergate and DC corruption
34
what groups made up the "new right" coalition in the 1980s?
-economic conservatives -evangelical christians -southern democrats -grass roots/working class -anti-liberal/anti-communist -social conservatives
35
what was "reaganomics?"
-cut taxes to encourage buisness investment
36
what potentially caused congress to pass the pure food and drug actin 1906?
-the jungle by upton sinclair -caused public to be upset and disgusted by the uncleanliness of products/production facilities
37
how did roosevelt intervene to break the coal strike of 1902?
-roosevelt demanded a negotiated settlement between labor and managment
38
how did the 1912 election show division in the republican party?
-divided vote for which candidate (taft or roosevelt)
39
what was the outcome of the 1912 election?
-wilson became president
40
what was the lasting legacy of the progressive era?
-expanded the role of government -created progress in society from different acts passed
41
why was queen liliuokalani removed from power in hawaii?
-U.S. staged a coup so they could take control
42
what reasons did the U.S. public favor war with Spain in 1898?
-sinking of the USS Maine -U.S. saw cuba's cries for independence as a kindred spirit
43
what most likely sunk the USS Maine?
-internal combustion/accident
44
how did yellow journalism contribute to the U.S. beginning the spanish-american war?
-attracted readers through headlines but wasn't always accurate -spread false or exaggerated information that influenced public opinion on starting the war
45
what U.S. ideological outlook justified america becoming an empire at the end of the 19th century?
-manifest destin
46
what was the open door policy?
-chine wouldn't be conquered by european countries -equal trade access granted
47
what was the underlying cause of the filipino insurrection in 1899?
-U.S. decision to annex the phillipines following the spanish-american war
48
what major coutnries made up the allied powers during WWI?
-great britian -france -russia -italy -japan -belgium -serbia -greece -romania
49
what major countries made up the central powers during WWI?
-germany -austria-hungary -bulgaria
50
how did woodrow wilson convince the U.S. to enter into WWI?
-sinking of lusitania + zimmerman telegram -make the world safter for democracy
51
what events were turning points for U.S. involvment in WWI?
-lusitania -zimmerman telegram -lend-lease act
52
what was the biggest criticsm of wilsons 14 points according to republican senators?
-collective security clause -if one nation goes to war, they all go
53
what prompted the red scare of the 1920s?
-anti-socialist/communist paranoia from russian revolution -labor unrest -anarchist bombings
54
what was the biggest contribution of henry ford to the car industry in the 1920s?
-assembly line/mass production of cars -led to sububrban job growth, suburbanization, and car necesity
55
what were the economic policies of calvin coolidge and warren g harding in the 1920s?
-return to normalcy -advocating for sound money -less gvt spending -lowering taxes -reduced national debt -limited gvt involvement in buisness
56
what were the foreign policies of calvine coolidge and warren g harding in the 1920s?
-isolationism/selective engagment -protection of U.S. interest
57
what was one of the major causes of the stock market crash of 1929?
-frenzy of speculative investors -bought stocks hoping they'd rise in value
58
Why did the South install the Black Codes after the Civil War?
-installed the Black Codes to keep African-Americans somewhat under their control -perpetuate black oppression.
59
what was Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan?
-Offered a pathway for Confederate states to rejoin the Union -10% of the state’s voters took an oath of allegiance to the U.S.
60
What right did the 14th Amendment secure for ex-slaves?
-granted citizenship to native born slaves -prohibited states from denying rights to all citizens.
61
What motive did the KKK have after the Civil War?
-restore white supremacy and white control over all aspects of life
62
What allowed for greater western expansion in the 1860s and 70s?
-transcontinental railroad -Homestead Act of 1862 -the up and coming mining -manifest destiny
63
How did the railroad contribute to greater economic growth in the late 1880s?
-new industry -transportation west -new job opportunities
64
What factors led to the demise of the Plains Indians?
-Indian Removal Act -Reservation System -buffalo extinction -Indian boarding schools
65
what was the Homestead Act of 1862?
-Free land for any man that lived in the West for 5 years
66
What common issues resulted in strife between Native American tribes and the U.S. federal government?
-Reservation system -the near-extinction of buffalo
67
How did the South react to the Plessy v Ferguson ruling in 1896?
-They passed the Jim Crow laws that oppressed African Americans
68
Why did the growth of the railroad contribute to American capitalism?
-They consolidated wealth into the hands of investors while providing transportation for producers to reach consumers
69
What societal change resulted from post-Civil War industrial growth?
-The wealth gap increased between the rich and poor
70
How did the ‘millionaire class’ use Social Darwinism to justify their wealth?
-It justified wealth for those who had it -saying that societal progress came about as a result of competition -Survival of the fittest mentality
71
Describe Carnegie’s argument in the ‘Gospel of Wealth.’
Wealth is to be used for the public good, not hoarded.
72
What explains the lack of African American workers in the NORTH in the 1890s?
-The Northern industrial economy did not show equal treatment to black workers -The South’s suppression using Jim Crow Laws severely limited African Americans ability to leave and migrate.
73
Define Booker T Washington’s ideology on racial equality.
-"accommodationist," -centered on the belief that African Americans should focus on economic self-improvement and vocational education rather than immediate demands for social and political equality

history US (12 decks)

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