FINAL REVIEW Flashcards
(116 cards)
1
Q
Between the ____’s and ____’s was a time of great creativity and change in Europe
A
1300 & 1500
2
Q
Renaissance means….
A
Rebirth
3
Q
The Renaissance began in
A
Italy
4
Q
True or False: The renaissance increased literacy and ideas spread throughout Europe
A
True
5
Q
What was brought to an end because of the Renaissance?
A
The feudal system
6
Q
Renaissance art used perspective proper proportions and _____
A
light
7
Q
The reason for European exploration was…
A
The 3 G’s: Gold, Glory, and God. Main reason was desire to build wealth through trade
8
Q
Who did people blame for the black death?
A
God
9
Q
The bubonic plague was spread by….
A
rats and fleas
10
Q
About how many people in England died because of the black death?
A
1/3 of England’s population (in about 4 years, 200 million people died)
11
Q
What are symptoms of the black death?
A
High fever, swollen, black lymphnodes, hallucinations, vomited blood
12
Q
The voyage of Ferdinand Magellan was the first to……
A
Circumnavigate the globe
13
Q
True or False: Native Americans were very friendly with Native Americans in the “New World”
A
False
14
Q
What was the Columbian exchange?
A
Was a widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, diseased, and ideas between the Americas, West Afrrica, and the Old World
15
Q
What is a caravel?
A
A small highly maneuverable sailing ship
16
Q
What was one negative effect of the Columbian exchange?
A
Slaves were imported from Africa to work the land
17
Q
What was one positive effect of the Columbian exchange?
A
Pigs, sheep, cattle, and chickens were brought to the new world
18
Q
Where did gunpowder come from
A
China (The silk road)
19
Q
The religious revolt led by Martin Luther and his 95 these in the 1500’s helped spark the what?
A
Protestant reformation
20
Q
Martin Luther believed….
A
the pope should have limited authority
21
Q
What are 3 ways the printing press would greatly help the reformation?
A
a) bible printed allowed more people to read
b) It allowed reformers to spread their ideas
c) many translations of the Bible were printed in a common language
22
Q
What was the Spanish Inquisition
A
An attempt to rid Spain of non-catholic people (heretics)
23
Q
Excommunication means…
A
being kicked out of the church (doing with the scientific revolution, if someone was accused of heresy, they could be excommunicated)
24
Q
What is counter reformation?
A
The Catholic church decided to make some changes to keep members
25
What was the heliocentric theory?
The sun, not the Earth was the center of the universe
26
What is a gov. that is ruled by a king or queen
a monarchy
27
Enlightenment:
The state of having knowledge
28
Philosophers believed that science and _______ could improve society and government
Reason
29
What were the 4 causes of the French Revolution?
a) Enlightenment ideas
b) Economic trouble
c) No food/ bad harvest
d) Financial troubles due to massive spending
30
What were the 3 estates? (French Revolution)
1st estate: rulers/clergy
2nd estate: nobles
3rd estate: peasents/ bourgeosie
31
Unfair ___ system was also a problem during the French Revolution
Tax
32
The __________ _______________ was the new gov. of France
National Assembly (took away the king's and noble's power and church lands)
33
The Tennis Court Oath
National Assembly members swore they would meet anywhere until they drafted a constitution
34
An angry crowd of 7000 people (mostly _______) marched to Versailles during the French Revolution because they head Marie Antoinette was hiding grain in the palace
women
35
Guillotine
Execution device made popular during the radical phase of the French Revolution. It cut peoples heads off.
36
Who was Napolean?
A military leader who came to power when he stages a coup d'etat when the directory becomes weak.
37
What were the 3 things in the Napolenic code?
a) Freedom of speech was limited
b) There was a comprehensive system of laws
c) Limited Liberty and individual rights
38
The Industrial Revolution began in....
Great Britain
39
New forms of energy like what led to the I.R.
Coal & Steam
40
What was one way the Industrial Revolution affected economic relationships among nations?
Increased isolationism among nations
41
The _________ ____ allowed factories to mass produce goods
assembly line
42
Some companies has sole control or _________ of a product
monopoly
43
What is a philanthropist?
A person who donated money to charities and foundations
44
Around the year 1870, what would happen?
The population of the world would start to drastically increase
45
During the late 1800's, many new immigrants lived in run- down areas called...
slums
46
What were 4 effects of the I.R.?
a) Harsh working conditions
b) Social role changes
c) Urbinization
d) Child labor
47
What was The Jungle?
A novel about how food was prepared in unsanitary conditions
48
What is imperialism?
A policy of extending a country"s power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
49
______________ were a raw material sought after in Africa
Diamonds
50
Countries traded without the use of currency. This was called
Bartering
51
What were the Opium wars?
The British fought the Chinese in the 1800's over the very addictive drug Opium.
52
What was the saying about the British empire?
"The sun never sets on the British Empire"
53
It is estimated that Britain controlled __ percent of the Earth's landmass during the Industrial revolution
25
54
WWI lasted from ____ to ____
1914 to 1918
55
The causes of WWI were the acronym MAIN. What does it stand for?
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
56
What does militarism mean?
A country building up it's military
57
What were the sides in WWI (alliances)
The Central Powers (Germany, Austria/Hungary and Turkey/ Ottoman Empire and the Allied Powers (France, Russia, Great Britain, and later U.S.)
58
What was the big event that was thought to have started WWI directly?
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
59
What country would switch sides midway through the war?
Italy
60
What is propaganda (associated with the wars)
Something that is used to hurt a cause or promote militarism/ nationalism
61
The _____ was used for the first time in WWI
Tank
62
Germany introduced this naval technology during WWI and it helped Germany dominate the seas
The submarine
63
German U-boats sank the British ship called the ________. This was a huge passenger ocean liner that was sunk with American citizens and weapons on board
Lusitania
64
The majority of WWI was fought in the country of....
France
65
True or False: Germany had to fight on 2 fronts: Russia to the east and France to the West
True
66
What was the Zimmerman telegram?
A document sent from German officials to Mexico that was intercepted by British intelligence and passed on to the U.S. The telegram wanted Mexico to enter the war on Germany's side
67
Germany''s declaration of what contributed to the U.S. entering WWI
Unrestricted submarine warfare
68
Who was the president when the U.S. entered WWI?
Woodrow Wilson
69
Who was Russia's leader during WWI?
Czar Nicholas II
70
Who was Germany's leader during WWI?
Kaiser Wilhelm
71
President Wilson came up with the __ points plan at the Paris Peace Conference
14
72
The Treaty of _________ would end WWI officially but contribute to the start of WWII
Versailles
73
What were the 3 main things Germany had to do as part of the Treaty of Versailles?
They had to admit blame for the war, they could not build up their military, and they had to pay 33 billion in war damage/reparations
74
Why did Russia leave WWI? (3 reasons)
a) they felt it wasn't their war to fight
b) they no longer wanted to spend their money on the war
c) a revolution was underway in their own country
75
What does czar mean?
King or Ruler
76
Bloody ______ in 1905 showed the Russian peasants that the Czar wouldn't protect them.
Sunday
77
What was the name of the group that executed Czar Nicholas II and his entire family (the Romanoffs)
The Bolsheviks
78
Who was Rasputin?
a Russian mystic who claimed he could "heal" the Czar and Czarina's son before they were executed
79
Who was Vladimir Lenin?
The first communist leader in the USSR who came to power through the Bolsheviks
80
Lenin appealed to the Russian people with his message of....
"Peace, land, and bread"
81
What during the Russian Revolution led to poor working conditions and protests/ revolts?
Industrialization
82
Who takes over after Lenin?
Joseph Stalin
83
True or False: Stalin was much nicer than Lenin was and reverted back to non-communism
False
84
Stalin used terror and violence to force people to work on _________ _____
Collective farms
85
What was the Great Purge?
Stalin's extreme efforts to eliminate only threat to his power
86
What were pogroms?
organized violence against the people
87
True or False: The Treaty of Versailles established conditions that led to the outbreak of WWII
True
88
Britain and France gave into Hitler's demands because they were trying to avoid another war. What is this called?
Appeasement
89
Germany, Italy, and Japan were all part of the ... during WWII
Axis Powers
90
Worsening ________ conditions contributed most to the rise of dictatorial governments in Europe
Economic
91
The German militarization of the ____________ violated the Treaty of Versailles
Rhineland
92
What marked the start of WWII?
The German invasion of Poland by Nazi forces
93
What are blitzkrieg tactics?
Large numbers of tanks used to quickly break through and encircle enemy positions
94
The USSR, Great Britain, and the U.S. were all part of the ... during WWII
Allied Powers
95
The Holocaust can best be described as.......
Genicide
96
After WWII, Nazi war criminals were put on trial, what was their most common excuse?
That they were just following the orders given by their superiors
97
What caused the U.S. to join WWII?
The bombing of Pearl Harbor Dec. 7, 1941
98
President FDR called the day of the bombing of Pear Harbor as a day which will life in ______"
infamy
99
What was one of the great victories for the American and British troops that was launched from Normandy, France
D-Day
100
What is German air force called?
Luftwaffe
101
Who would emerge as the superpowers after WWII
the U.S. and the USSR
102
WWII finally ended with the U.S. bombing which two Japanese cities?
Nagasaki and Hiroshima
103
True or False: the USSR participated in the League of Nations after WWII
False
104
What is the Iron Curtain?
An imaginary line that divided Europe into communist and non-communist countries
105
True or False: The U.S. tried to get rid of all communism
False
106
Who was the winner of the Korean war?
There was no winner
107
North Korea to this day is a complete __________ and very different from South Korea and the U.S.
Dictatorship
108
The U.S. and North Korea have had many disagreements over what?
Nuclear missiles
109
Who was it that led a revolution that tried for over 6 years to overthrow Cuban dictator Fulgencia Batista?
Fidel Castro
110
Castro didn't want any new religions coming into Cuba, how did he prevent this?
He prohibited the building of any churches
111
Was the Bay of Pigs a successful invasion?
No
112
Who was the leader of the USSR during the Cuban Missile Crisis?
Nikita Krushchev
113
JFK placed an _______ on goods in Cuba
Embargo
114
USSR said that they would remove missiles from Cuba if the U.S. removed them from where?
Turkey
115
JFK ordered a _____ ________ of Cuba so no new materials or equipment could get into Cuba
Naval blockade
116
What was placed in the White House because of the Cuban Missile Crisis?
Hot lines that connected the U.S. to other world leaders like the USSR.
