Final Review Flashcards
(46 cards)
what is the definition of Kinesiology?
the scientific study of human movement. It addresses physiological, mechanical, and psychological mechanisms.
how has the name of our field changed over the years?
it used to be HYPR Health Physical Education and Recreation. It went from PE to Kines.
With what sub discipline had the term kinesiology been associated with prior to it becoming the name of our field?
Biomechanics
What types of human movements are associated with Kinesiology? Be prepared to define physical activity, exercise, sport movements, rehabilitation, and functional mobility.
physical activity- voluntary intentional movement involves muscle contraction.
exercise- improves physical activity sets goals.
sports movements- activity involving rules, boundaries, and competition
rehabilitation- process of restoring lost or decreased neuro muscular function.
functional mobility- ones ability to independently perform daily activities.
Without using the same definition from above, what is the difference between physical activity and exercise?
Physical activity is the activity you do on a daily basis that you do not have set goals for like walking to class or lifting a box. Exercise is when you set a goal and are trying to obtain something like running on a treadmill or lifting weights.
What is meant by the phrase, “Rebel against convenience?”
maintain or improve quality of health. (aka don’t take the easy way out)
What are the two major guidelines for physical activity that the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommends for healthy adults aged 18-65? How do those differ from the recommendation by the Center for Disease Control?
Moderately intense physical activity for at least 30 minutes 5 times a week or vigorously intense aerobic physical activity at least 20 minutes 3 times a week. Where as the Center of disease control suggest much longer aerobic workouts and on top of that at least 2 days a week of weight strengthening.
According to the ACSM, what heart rate ranges define “moderately intense” and “vigorously intense” physical activity?
Moderate- 64-76%
Vigorous- 77-93%
What body systems are most commonly studied in rehabilitation settings in Kinesiology?
brain, nervous system, skeletal and muscular system.
What are the two most common methods of maintaining functional mobility in older adulthood?
fitness and strength maintenance, and motor skills.
What are the six major concentrations in Kinesiology offered at Cal State Fullerton? Be prepared to identify which concentration a student might choose if you were provided with a list of potential career opportunities (i.e., personal trainer, balance specialist with older adults, college coach, physical therapist, etc.)
sports studies- coaches pre-allied health- medical school fitness & health promotion- personal training exercise science- athletic training Gerokinesiology- health, PE for adults teacher education- PE teacher for kids
How does your past experience in physical activity contribute to your understanding of the field?
As athletes, we exercise a lot so we learn basics of kinesiology like how the sport is played, the movements behind it, and the nutrition it takes to be a collegiate athlete.
What types of sub-disciplines exist in Kinesiology?
exercise physiology, sports psychology, biomechanics, motor behavior, pedagogy,
Identify 5 major historical eras of Physical Education/Kinesiology from the mid-1800s to the present.
-Health, sports, physical fitness, subdisciplines, PA and Health
Identify the important contributions (and schools with which they were affiliated) of early physical educators/doctors, including Edward Hitchcock, Dudley Sargent, and Delphine Hanna, Luther Gulick, and James Naismith.
Hitchcock- gymnast leader at Amherst and first physical educator in US
Sargent- Harvard highlighted science of the body and was interested in fitness testing. Invented exercise machines.
Hanna- established first PE degree at Oberlin college. First female medical doctor in US.
Gulick- Oberlin college established spirit mind and body. Philosophy play one of the first muscular christians.
Naismith- attended springfield college, inventor of basketball.
What criteria were needed to hire the first Physical Education professor at Amherst College? When Dr. Hitchcock was hired for this position, what were his 3 major roles?
- doctor of medicine
- knowledge of gymnastics
- a man of “high aims and christian spirit”
- hygienic and medical doctor
- collection of health and anthropometirc data
- gymnastics leader
Which school developed the first 4-year degree program in Physical Education?
Oberlin College
Who were the Muscular Christians? What sorts of things did they believe or promote?
People who had high moral standards and good sportsmanship. Believed you can train the mind body and spirit.
Why was there an emphasis on physical fitness in the 1950s and 60s? Which American Presidents were responsible for this emphasis?
- Draftees for WWI and WW2 were unfit for service and children failed Kraus-Weber physical test.
- President Eisenhower and Kennedy
What decades of the 20th Century saw a physical fitness craze in recreational sports and home-based fitness?
70’s and 80’s
Identify and define at least 5 subdisciplines in Kinesiology
- Exercise physiology – Study of acute physiological responses to physical activity and the changes in physiological response to chronic physiological activity
- Sport and Exercise Psychology-is the study of human thought, emotion and behavior in physical activity.
- Pedagogy-is the science and art of teaching physical education.
- Biomechanics- the study of structure and function of biological systems. It explains all the physics and anatomy that goes into sports and movements.
- Motor behavior- covers three basic concepts, motor control, development, and learning, that explain how movements are learned and mastered.
What is the current emphasis of our field? What are two likely factors that led to this emphasis? Why has the emphasis considered to have gone full circle from the early beginnings of our field?
-“Evidence supports the conclusion that physical inactivity is one of the most important public health problems of the 21st Century, and may even be the most important.”
- Supersized America
- Technology
-Field has shifted over time and now were right back where we were at first
In general, what did early physicians who developed the field of Physical Education mean by the “Laws of Health”? (pp. 196-197)
The meant how ones body physically worked. PE did more than exercise it is devoted to the maintenance of health.
What was the focus of the “Muscular Christianity” Movement as it related to the benefits of team sport participation? What impact did the development of American sports such as basketball have on the use of gymnasiums and the type of person who led physical education classes? (p. 197)
They had high moral standards of character, citizenship, and sportsmanship. Many more gyms were built and became classrooms. They needed to be experts on the sport not physicians.
