Final Review

Question 1

Variable that is directly affected by the independent variable

Answer 1

Dependent variable

Question 2

The things you keep the same in an experiment

Answer 2

Control

Question 3

What are the SIX unifying principals of Biology?

Answer 3

• Evolution
• Homeostasis
• Energy/matter and organization
• Development
• Continuity
• Ecology

Question 4

A tentative, but logical prediction based on observations

Answer 4

Hypothesis

Question 5

A comprehensive explanation of a set of natural phehomena supported by vast amounts of evidence from multiple sources

Answer 5

Theory

Question 6

Describes how nature will behave under certain circumstances

Answer 6

Law

Question 7

Science is empirical, meaning in order for something to be considered science it musr be able to be…..

Answer 7

Observable and experimental

Question 8

Thinking ans learning, creativity, five senses, memory and emotion, problem solving, and descisions

Answer 8

Cerebrum

Question 9

Receives messanges from mosr of the muscles in your body and communicates with the other parts of the brain

Answer 9

Cerebellum

Question 10

Bundle of nerves that careies messanges between rhe brain and the rest of the body

Answer 10

Spinal cord

Question 11

Heartbeat, breathing, digestion, swallowing, and blinking

Answer 11

Brain stem

Question 12

The inherent inclination of a living organism towards a parricular complex behavior

Answer 12

Innate behavior

Question 13

Fossils correspond with movements of continents

Answer 13

Biogeography

Question 14

All limbs built in same basic structure

Answer 14

Comparative anatony ans homologus structures

Question 15

Organs that were once useful and no longer are will eventually disappear or evolve out of the gene pool

Answer 15

Vestigal organs

Question 16

Similar start for everyone, more in common the farther back you look

Answer 16

Embryological Development

Question 17

Used to trace history of organism to ancestor (DNA)

Answer 17

Similarity in Macromolecules

Question 18

Variable that can be controlled by the experimenter

Answer 18

Independent variable

Question 19

Variable fitness among individuals of the same species leads to the change toward a more adapted population

Answer 19

Survival of the fitness

Question 20

Structures, in different species, inherited from common ancestor

Answer 20

Homologous structures

Question 21

Behavioral or physical characteristics that increases the organisms ability to survive and reproduce

Answer 21

Adaptations

Question 22

Selective breeding done by humans to breed for desired traits

Answer 22

Artificial selection

Question 23

More offspring produced than are able to survive

Answer 23

Overpopulation

Question 24

The members of a population fighting for limited (finite) resources

Answer 24

Competition

Question 25

Individuals that are best adapted to the environment will survive and reproduce

Answer 25

Natural seletion

Question 26

Orgnisms that are able to reproduce and have fertile offspring

Answer 26

Species

Question 27

Without the existence of these DNA differences, evolution will not take place

Answer 27

Genetic variations

Question 28

Structures that have decreased in size overtime because it has little or no apparent function

Answer 28

Vestigial structures

Question 29

Outer boundary of the cell

Answer 29

Cell membrane

Question 30

Jelly-like fluid interior of the cell

Answer 30

Cytoplasm

Question 31

The "control center" of the cell, contains the cells DNA

Answer 31

Nucleus

Question 32

Energy center or "powerhouse" of the cell. Turns food into useable energy (ATP)

Answer 32

Mitochondria

Question 33

Uses sunlight to create food

Answer 33

Chloroplast

Question 34

a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one, thus equalizing the concentrations on each side of the membrane.

Answer 34

Osmosis

Question 35

the net passive movement of particles (atoms, ions or molecules) from a region in which they are in higher concentration to regions of lower concentration

Answer 35

Diffusion

Question 36

process of spontaneous passive transport (as opposed to active transport) of molecules or ions across a biological membrane via specific transmembrane integral proteins.

Answer 36

Facilitated diffusion

Question 37

movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane in the direction opposite that of diffusion, that is, from an area of lower concentration to one of higher concentration.

Answer 37

Active transport

Question 38

Does not require energy

Answer 38

Passive transport

Question 39

process by which a cell transports secretory products through the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane

Answer 39

Exocytosis

Question 40

used by all cells because most chemical substances important to them are large polar molecules that cannot pass through the hydrophobic plasma or cell membrane by passive means

Answer 40

Endocytosis

Question 41

any solution that has a lower osmotic pressure than another solution

Answer 41

Hypotonic

Question 42

one with a higher concentration of solutes outside the cell than inside the cell

Answer 42

Hypertonic

Question 43

Two solutions having the same osmotic pressure across a semipermeable membrane

Answer 43

Isotonic

Question 44

Change in living systems

Answer 44

Evolution

Question 45

Maintaining dynamix equilibruim in living systems

Answer 45

Homeostasis

Question 46

Relationships in living systems

Answer 46

Energy, matter, and organization

Question 47

Reproduction and inheritance in living systems

Answer 47

Continuity

Question 48

Growth and differentiation in living systems

Answer 48

Development

Question 49

Interaction and interdependence in living systems

Answer 49

Ecology