Final Review Flashcards by Laura Kirwan

Which of these terms specifically describes a cancerous tumor?

Abscess

Malignant

Neoplasm

Benign

Malignant

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T/F: Imaging studies alone always allow for differentiation between benign and malignant neoplasms.

False

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Which of these conditions appears as inflammation in the bowel?

Colitis

Abscess

Cancer

Ascites

Colitis

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Which of the following is the most common primary cancer?

Prostate

Lung

Colorectal

Breast

Prostate

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What term describes a cancer in one organ/tissue but originated from a different organ/tissue?

Metastatic neoplasm

Primary cancer

Benign neoplasm

Malignant neoplasm

Metastatic neoplasm

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T/F: The terms inflammation and infection are synonymous.

False

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Define Ascites

The condition of pathological fluid collection within the abdominal cavity

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Define Abscess

A localized collection of infection in any part of the body

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Define Hematoma

A collection of blood, usually clotted, outside of a blood vessel

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Define Colitis

inflammation of the colon

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Which of these pathologic processes is most likely to be associated with hepatitis or malignancy?

Ascites

Cysts

Abscess

Hematoma

Ascites

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Which of these conditions might appear as a walled cavity filled with infected fluid, blood, and sometimes air?

Hematoma

Ascites

Inflammation

Abscess

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Which of these conditions appears as excessive fluid inside the abdomen but outside of the GI tract?

Ascites

Abscess

Colitis

Inflammation

Ascite

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Which of these conditions may be further categorized as infectious, ulcerative, or ischemic?

Cysts

Abscess

Colitis

Cancer

Colitis

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Which of the following is a common cause of cancer? (choose all correct)

Radiation

Immune conditions

Inherited mutations

Chemicals

All of the above

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Define Organ Laceration

A tear in the body of an organ that results in bleeding

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Define Organ Infarct

Tissue deprived of blood supply

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Define Cyst

An abnormal, a sac-like structure usually containing a gaseous, liquid or semisolid substance

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Define Aneurysm

An abnormal widening or ballooning of a portion of an artery

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Which of these conditions describes a blood vessel partitioned by an intimal flap into a true and false lumen?

Cyst

Dissecting Aneurysm

Aneurysm

Abscess

Dissecting Aneurysm

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An organ infarct may be linked to which of the following? (choose all correct)

Laceration

Stenosis

Emboli

Dissection

All of the above

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Which of the following is a kind of organ infarct? (Choose all correct)

Ascites

TIA/CVA

Malignancy

TIA/CVA

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Which of these conditions appears in imaging as tissue ischemia and/or areas of poor contrast perfusion?

Malignancy

Abscess

Aneurysm

Infarct

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Which of these skull fractures is least likely to require intervention?

Linear skull fracture

Ping-pong fracture

Basilar skull fracture

Depressed skull fracture

Linear skull fracture

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What is the most significant complication often associated with a depressed skull fracture? All of the above Epidural hemorrhage CSF leaking Dural tearing

Epidural hemorrhage

Which of these fractures are most likely to result in CSF leakage? (choose all correct) Diastatic fracture Ping-pong fracture Depressed skull fracture Basilar skull fracture

Diastatic fracture Basilar skull fracture

Which of these fractures are most likely to affect children? (choose all correct) Diastatic fracture Depressed skull fracture Basilar skull fracture Ping-pong fracture

Diastatic fracture Ping-pong fracture

Which of these fractures is most likely to be comminuted? Basilar skull fracture Ping-pong fracture Diastatic fracture Depressed skull fracture

Depressed skull fracture

Which of these fractures occur only along suture lines? Diastatic fracture Basilar skull fracture Ping-pong fracture Depressed skull fracture

Diastatic fracture

Which of these fractures is comparable to a green stick fracture in long bones? Basilar skull fracture Depressed skull fracture Ping-pong fracture Diastatic fracture

Ping-pong fracture

Which of these fractures is least likely to cause boney protrusion into the cranium? Ping-pong fracture None of these fractures intrude into the cranium. Linear skull fracture Depressed skull fracture

Linear skull fracture

Which of the following is considered the most serious linear skull fracture? Diastatic fracture Basilar skull fracture Depressed skull fracture Ping-pong fracture

Basilar skull fracture

Which of these areas are usually affected in a zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture? (choose all correct) Nasal bones Zygomatic arch Orbital wall Maxillary sinus

Zygomatic arch Orbital wall Maxillary sinus

Which of these fractures is associated with a floating face? LeFort fractures Zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures Blow-out fractures Nasal fractures

LeFort fractures

Which of these are common complications associated with zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures? (Choose all correct) Blood in the maxillary sinus “Floating face” Ocular injuries Dural tearing

Blood in the maxillary sinus Ocular injuries

Which of these fractures may result in injury to the maxillary sinus? (choose all correct) Mandibular fracture Zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures Nasal fractures Blow-out fractures

Zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures Blow-out fractures

Which of these fractures follows the “ring rule”? Blow-out fractures Nasal fractures Mandibular fractures Zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures

Mandibular fractures

Which of these fractures is most often related to a blow to the orbit? Nasal fractures Zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures LeFort fractures Blow-out fractures

Blow-out fractures

Which of these injuries can sometime be associated with more serious injuries to the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses? Nasal fractures Zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures Blow-out fractures LeFort fractures

Nasal fractures

Which of these conditions may result in or contribute to dental abscess formation? (Choose all correct) diabetes radiation/chemotherapy tooth infection autoimmune disorders

All of the above

Which of these brain neoplasms is potentially fatal? (choose all correct) Secondary brain cancer Benign brain neoplasm Primary brain cancer Metastatic brain cancer

All of the above

What is the most common lesion of the brain? Primary brain cancer Gliomas Benign brain neoplasm Metastatic brain cancer

Metastatic brain cancer

What is the most common primary brain tumor? Medulloblastoma Pituitary adenoma Meningiomas Acoustic Neuroma Astrocytoma

Astrocytoma

What is the most aggressive brain tumor? Meningiomas Acoustic Neuroma Medulloblastoma Astrocytoma Pituitary adenoma

Medulloblastoma

Which of these lesions are most often malignant? (choose all correct) Correct! Astrocytoma Acoustic Neuromas Meningiomas Pituitary adenoma Medulloblastoma

Medulloblastoma

Which of these brain lesions is most likely to appear in multiples? Metastatic brain cancer Benign brain neoplasm Primary brain cancer Gliomas

Metastatic brain cancer

Which of these lesions generally grows on the periphery of the brain? (Choose all correct) Astrocytoma Meningiomas Acoustic Neuromas Medulloblastoma Pituitary adenoma

Meningiomas Acoustic Neuromas

Which of these lesions grows from the Schwann cell’s of the 8th cranial nerve? Medulloblastoma Acoustic Neuromas Pituitary adenoma Meningiomas Astrocytoma

Acoustic Neuromas

Which of these lesions are most likely to be associated with hormonal imbalances? Astrocytoma Acoustic Neuromas Pituitary adenoma Meningiomas Medulloblastoma

Pituitary adenoma

Which of these lesions grow primarily in the cerebellum/posterior fossa of the cranial cavity? Medulloblastoma Astrocytoma Pituitary adenoma Meningiomas Acoustic Neuromas

Medulloblastoma

Lesions in the brain may be associated with which of these intracranial conditions? (choose all correct) Bleeding Mass effect Ischemia Edema

All of the above

Ischemic stroke may be a result of arterial interruption in which of these vessels? (choose all correct) Descending aorta Internal carotids Basilar artery Cerebral arteries

Internal carotids Basilar artery Cerebral arteries

Which of these conditions is the result of thrombosis or arterial stenosis? (choose one or both) Hemorrhagic stroke Ischemic stroke

Ischemic stroke

Which of these conditions causes a permanent loss of neurologic function? (choose one or both) Hemorrhagic stroke Ischemic stroke

All of the above

Which of these conditions is caused by blood extravasation in the brain? (choose one or both) Hemorrhagic stroke Ischemic stroke

Hemorrhagic stroke

Which of these conditions is also called an “intracranial bleed”? (choose one or both) Hemorrhagic stroke Ischemic stroke

Hemorrhagic stroke

Which of these conditions will always present in imaging as an area of infarct in the brain? (choose one or both) Hemorrhagic stroke Ischemic stroke

Ischemic stroke

Which of these conditions is the most likely to be lethal? Ischemic stroke Hemorrhagic stroke

Hemorrhagic stroke

Which of these bleeds generally occurs in the parenchyma (substance) of the brain? (choose all correct) Subdural Hemorrhage (SDH) Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) Intracranial bleed (ICB) Epidural Hemorrhage (EDH)

Intracranial bleed (ICB)

Which of these conditions can be further defined with angiographic/contrast enhanced imaging? (Choose all correct) Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) Intracranial bleed (ICB) Ischemic stroke Subdural Hemorrhage (SDH

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) Ischemic stroke

Which of these conditions is most likely to be associated with an aneurysm? (Choose all correct) Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) Intracranial bleed (ICB) Subdural Hemorrhage (SDH) Epidural Hemorrhage (EDH)

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH)

Which of these conditions causes blood accumulation on the periphery of the brain? (Choose all correct) You Answered Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) Intracranial bleed (ICB) Epidural Hemorrhage (EDH) Subdural Hemorrhage (SDH)

Epidural Hemorrhage (EDH) Subdural Hemorrhage (SDH)

Which of these conditions is almost always the result of trauma to the brain? (Choose all correct) Intracranial bleed (ICB) Epidural Hemorrhage (EDH) Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) Subdural Hemorrhage (SDH)

Epidural Hemorrhage (EDH) Subdural Hemorrhage (SDH)

Traumatic contusions in the brain are one form of which of the following conditions? Intracranial bleed (ICB) Epidural Hemorrhage (EDH) Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) Subdural Hemorrhage (SDH)

Intracranial bleed (ICB)

Which of these conditions is almost always associated with a skull fracture? (Choose all correct) Subdural Hemorrhage (SDH) Intracranial bleed (ICB) Epidural Hemorrhage (EDH) Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH)

Epidural Hemorrhage (EDH)

Which of following describes the appearance of a brain abscess in sectional imaging? (Choose all correct) Often associated with hemorrhage Often rim-enhancing May shows areas of necrosis May be associated with edema

Often rim-enhancing May shows areas of necrosis May be associated with edema

Which of these conditions is a result of infection in the brain? (Choose all correct) Encephalitis Meningitis ICB Brain abscess

Encephalitis Meningitis Brain abscess

Which of these conditions is rarely associated with bleeding in the brain? (Choose all correct) You Answered Metastatic brain cancer Ischemic stroke Meningitis Cerebral Aneurysm

Ischemic stroke Meningitis

Which of these conditions results in bleeding focused in the suprasellar cistern? Intracranial bleed (ICB) Subdural Hemorrhage (SDH) Epidural Hemorrhage (EDH) Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH)

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH)

Which of these conditions may be secondary to cerebral atrophy? Hydrocephalus Meningitis ICB Brain abscess

Hydrocephalus

Define Chiari Malformation

best imaged in the sagittal plane

Define Cerebral Atrophy

related to dementia and aging

Define Arachnoid Cyst

presents as abnormal CSF collections formed by the subarachnoid membrane

Define Hydrocephalus

imaged as CSF engorgement in the ventricles

Define Multiple Sclerosis

active lesions enhance with contrast

Which of these conditions sometimes coexist? (Choose two) Spina Bifida Tethered cord Spinal Meningioma Ankylosing Spondylitis

Spina Bifida | Tethered cord

Which of these conditions results in abnormal stiffening of the vertebral column? Spinal Meningioma Tethered cord Ankylosing Spondylitis Spina Bifida

Ankylosing Spondylitis

What is the most common primary neoplasm of the spinal cord? Spinal Metastasis Spinal Meningioma Astrocytoma Spinal Ependymoma

Spinal Ependymoma

What is most common area of the spine to identify spinal metastasis? Thoracic Spine Lumbar Spine Sacral Spine Cervical spine

Thoracic Spine

Define Ankylosing Spondylitis

chronic spine inflammation resulting in abnormal vertebral stiffening and fusion

Define Spinal Stenosis

progressive narrowing of the spinal canal and eventual impingement of the spinal cord

Define Spondylolisthesis

anteriorly displacement of a vertebrae relative to the vertebra below it

Define Subluxation

dislocation or displacement

Define Compression fracture

result of excessive compressive force on spine

Which of these lesions is most likely to appear in multiples? Spinal Ependymoma Spinal Meningioma Spinal Metastasis Astrocytoma

Spinal Metastasis

Which of the lesions may grow from the spinal cord itself? (Choose all correct) Spinal Ependymoma Spinal Meningioma Spinal Metastasis

Spinal Ependymoma Spinal Metastasis

Which of these lesions is most likely to be imaged growing in the vertebral column? Spinal Metastasis Spinal Meningioma Spinal Ependymoma

Spinal Metastasis

Which of these lesions will only be seen growing near the periphery of the spinal cord? Spinal Ependymoma Spinal Meningioma Spinal Metastasis

Spinal Meningioma

Which of these neoplasms is most likely to be associated with cystic developments in the intramedullary canal? Spinal Meningioma Spinal Ependymoma Spinal Metastasis

Spinal Ependymoma

Define Ankylosing Spondylitis

an autoimmune condition

Define Tethered cord

visualized as an abnormally low conus medullaris

Define Spina Bifida

characterized by incomplete closure in the vertebral canal

Define Compression Fracture

caused by axial loading

Which of the following tumors are malignant? (Choose all correct) Spinal Ependymoma Spinal Metastasis Astrocytoma Spinal Meningioma

Spinal Metastasis Astrocytoma

Which of these pathologies is sometimes accompanied by meningocele formation? Spinal Meningioma Spina Bifida Tethered cord Ankylosing Spondylitis

Spina Bifida

Which of these conditions is sometimes accompanied by an intradural lipoma? Spinal Meningioma Spina Bifida Ankylosing Spondylitis Tethered cord

Tethered cord

Define Spina bifida occulta

incomplete closure of the spinal column

Define Meningocele

a collection of CSF formed by herniation of the meninges through an opening in the vertebral canal

Define Myelomeningocele

herniation of the spinal cord through an opening in the vertebral canal

Which of the following is a form of lung cancer? (choose all correct) Bronchogenic Carcinoma Primary lung cancer Metastatic Lung Cancer Interstitial Lung Disease

Bronchogenic Carcinoma Primary lung cancer Metastatic Lung Cancer

Which of the following describes the appearance of lung cancer in specialty imaging? (choose all correct) Poorly defined neoplasm Single lesions only Most common in the mediastinum Rim-enhancing

Most common in the mediastinum Rim-enhancing

Pulmonary Fibrosis is a severe form of which of these conditions? Interstitial Lung Disease COPD Bronchogenic Carcinoma Tuberculosis

Interstitial Lung Disease

Which of the following describes the imaging characteristics of pneumonia? (choose all correct) small to large accumulations rim-enhancing Well-defined borders Common near the fissures of the lower lobes

small to large accumulations Common near the fissures of the lower lobes

T/F: Pneumonia can infect the entire lung.

True

Which of these pathologies are defined as an abnormal fluid accumulation in the thoracic cavity? (choose all correct) Pneumothorax Pleural effusion Pericardial Effusion Pneumonia

Pleural effusion Pericardial Effusion Pneumonia

Which of these conditions might demonstrate necrosis and cavity formation in specialty imaging? Pneumonia Tuberculosis Pleural effusion Pericardial Effusion

Tuberculosis

What may be responsible for the formation of a pneumothorax? (choose all correct) Hemothorax Surgery Trauma Spontaneous

Surgery Trauma Spontaneous

Which of these conditions appear most similar on sectional imaging? (choose two) Bronchogenic Carcinoma Hemothorax Pleural Effusion Tuberculosis

Hemothorax Pleural Effusion

Which of these conditions are most likely to co-exist with a hemothorax? (choose all correct) Fractures Atelectasis Interstitial Lung Disease Pneumothorax

Fractures Atelectasis Pneumothorax

Which of these conditions commonly exist secondary to primary or metastatic lung cancer? (choose all correct) Pulmonary Embolism Necrosis Pleural effusions Abscess formations

Necrosis Pleural effusions Abscess formations

Which of the following are common causes of pneumonia? (choose all correct) Chest trauma Fungal infections Chemical inhalation Aspiration

All of the above

Which of these conditions appear most similar in sectional imaging? (choose two) Interstitial Lung Disease COPD Pneumothorax Hemothorax

Interstitial Lung Disease COPD

Which of these pathologies have the most similar presentation in diagnostic imaging? (choose two) Pleural effusion Tuberculosis Primary lung cancer Pneumonia

Tuberculosis Pneumonia

Which of these conditions is imaged as progressive scarring of the lung tissue? Hemothorax Pneumothorax COPD Interstitial Lung Disease

Interstitial Lung Disease

Define Cardiomegaly

enlargement of the heart for any reason

Define CHF

a syndrome in which the heart can not adequately circulate blood through the body

Define Myxoma

the most common beign tumors of the heart

Define CAD

can resuly in myocardial infarction (MI)

Define Pericardial Effusion

exccess fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac

T/F: A patient diagnosed with CAD will invariably exhibit symptoms characteristic of MI.

False

Which of the following is possible etiology of cardiomegaly? (choose all correct) MVP Cardiomyopathy HTN CHF

All of the above

Which of these conditions is most likely to be associated with compensatory mechanism such as increased blood volume and increased myocardium muscle mass? CAD Pericardial Effusion Myxoma CHF

CHF

Which of these conditions are most likely to be associated with changes in cardiac function? (choose all correct) Pericardial effusion CHF Myxoma MI

Pericardial effusion CHF MI

Where is a myxoma most likely to be imaged? Right Atrium Left Atrium Right Ventricle Left Ventricle

Left Atrium

Which of the following pathologies is imaged as filling a defect(s) in the coronary circulatory system? CAD Pericardial Effusion CHF Myxoma

CAD

Which of these conditions will be accompanied by hematoma formation? Choose multiple if applicable. Simple aneurysm Ruptured Aneurysm Dissecting aneurysm

Ruptured Aneurysm

Which of these conditions appears in sectional imaging as an enlarged artery? Choose multiple if applicable. Simple aneurysm Ruptured Aneurysm Dissecting aneurysm

All of the above

Which of these conditions will present with an intimal flap? Choose multiple if applicable. Dissecting aneurysm Simple aneurysm Ruptured Aneurysm

Dissecting aneurysm

Which of these conditions is most likely to show contrast extravasation? Choose multiple if applicable. Dissecting aneurysm Ruptured Aneurysm Simple aneurysm

Ruptured Aneurysm

Which of these conditions appears in sectional imaging with a true and false lumen? Choose multiple if applicable. Simple aneurysm Ruptured Aneurysm Dissecting aneurysm

Dissecting aneurysm

Which of these conditions may account for the formation of a PE? (choose all correct) Recent respiratory infection pregnancy recent surgery immobility

All of the above

What is the origin of a pulmonary embolism? Peripheral artery thrombus formation DVT dislodgment from the lower extremities DVT dislodgement from the upper extremities Spontaneous formation in the pulmonary trunk

DVT dislodgment from the lower extremities

Which of the following describe imaging characteristics of pancreatitis? (Choose all correct) Ascites Reactive fluid Pancreas inflammation Pancreatic pseudocysts

All of the above

Which of the following correctly describes the appearance of gastric cancer in sectional imaging? (Choose all correct) gas-filled ulceration focal wall thickening with mucosal irregularity wall thickening with loss of normal rugal folding pattern focal mass/polyp with or without ulceration

All of the above

What is the most common location to visualize Crohn’s disease? Terminal Ileum Jejunum Duodenum Vesicular-Ureteral Junction

Terminal Ileum

Which of the following statements are true concerning imaging of Crohn’s disease? (Choose all correct) May be associate with abscess May affect the mesentery Shows chronic inflammation without remission Imaged primarily as large bowel thickening

May be associate with abscess May affect the mesentery

Which of the following may be an underlying cause of SBO? (Choose all correct) Lesion Crohn’s disease Pregnancy Volvulus

All of the above

What is the most common cancer of the GI tract? Esophageal Cancer Small Bowel Cancer Gastric Cancer Colo-rectal Cancer

Colo-rectal Cancer

Which of these conditions is related to vascular insufficiency? Ischemic colitis Crohn’s disease Infectious colitis Ulcerative colitis

Ischemic colitis

With of these conditions can be identified as bowel wall thickening? (Choose all correct) Ischemic colitis SBO Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease

Ischemic colitis Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease

Which of these conditions is likely to be accompanied by ascites? (Choose all correct) You Answered Appendicitis SBO Ulcerative colitis Cirrhosis

Ulcerative colitis Cirrhosis

Which of these conditions are idiopathic? (Choose all correct) Cirrhosis Ulcerative Colitis SBO Crohn’s disease

Ulcerative Colitis Crohn’s disease

What is the most important indication of SBO? Bowel distention Abscess Bowel inflammation Hemorrhage

Bowel distention

What is the most common etiology of colon cancer? Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Colic ulcer Polyp neoplasm

Polyp neoplasm

What other pathologies are commonly associated with colon cancer? (Choose all correct) Herniation Abscess Bowel obstruction Inflammation

Abscess Bowel obstruction Inflammation

Which of these conditions might be viewed as surface and parenchymal nodularity in the liver? Secondary liver cancer Cirrhosis Laceration Primary liver cancer

Cirrhosis

Which of these conditions is most likely to present as standing and abscess formation in the RLQ? Ulcerative colitis Appendicitis SBO Colon cancer

Appendicitis

Which of the following statement concerning liver cancer are true? (choose all correct) Metastatic liver cancer will enhance during the venous phase of imaging Metastatic liver cancer can be both singular or multi-focal Primary liver cancer is more common than secondary liver cancer Primary liver cancer will enhance during the arterial phase of imaging

Metastatic liver cancer will enhance during the venous phase of imaging Metastatic liver cancer can be both singular or multi-focal Primary liver cancer will enhance during the arterial phase of imaging

T/F: Hemangiomas appear only in the liver.

False

What is the most significant indication of hemangioma in sectional imaging? Rim-enhancement Delayed contrast enhancement Absence of venous enhancement No contrast enhancement

Delayed contrast enhancement

Which of these are common causes of liver cirrhosis? (Choose all correct) Renal failure Alcoholism Pancreatitis Hepatitis

Alcoholism Hepatitis

Pericholecystic fluid accumulation is most likely to be associated with which of the following conditions? Cholelithiasis Pancreatic Cancer Cirrhosis Pancreatitis

Cholelithiasis

Which of the following are imaging indications of organ laceration? (Choose all correct) Limited or absence of contrast perfusion through the organ Hematoma in the area of the organ Contrast extravasation in or around the organ Atypical contrast perfusion through the organ

All of the above

Which of the following is a likely cause of organ infarct? (Choose all correct) laceration emboli thrombus arterial dissection

All of the above

T/F: Lymphoma primarily affects the spleen.

False

T/F: Malignant lesions identified in the spleen are most likely lymphoma.

True

Which of the following statements are true concerning imaging of the spleen? (Choose all correct) Malignant splenic lesions may appear as single or multi-focal Patchy contrast enhancement during arterial imaging indicates splenic infarct or laceration During the venous phase of contrast enhancement the spleen should appear homogenous

Malignant splenic lesions may appear as single or multi-focal During the venous phase of contrast enhancement the spleen should appear homogenous

Pancreatic cancers primarily affect what aspect of the pancreas? Tail Body Head

Head

Which of the following best describe contrast enhancement of pancreatic tumors? Delayed enhancement Highly vascular No contrast enhancement Absence of venous enhancement

Delayed enhancement

Gallstones can be related to which of the following conditions? (Choose all correct) Cirrhosis Cholecystitis Pancreatitis Gall bladder cancer

Cholecystitis Pancreatitis Gall bladder cancer

What is the typical presentation of GB cancer? (Choose all correct) Mass completely replacing the gallbladder Notable GB atrophy Wall thickening Intraluminal mass

Mass completely replacing the gallbladder Wall thickening Intraluminal mass

From where do renal stones originate? Collecting system VUJ Bladder Ureters

Collecting system

Which of the following statements correctly describe PKD? (Choose all correct) May be unilateral Potentially affects other organs Commonly associated with renal stones Often results in renal failure

Potentially affects other organs Often results in renal failure

Uterine fibroids are also known as: Leiomyoma BPH endometrial cancer TCC

Leiomyoma

Which of the following are common causes of renal stones? (Choose all correct) low fluid intake metabolic abnormalities recurrent yeast infections dehydration

low fluid intake metabolic abnormalities dehydration

T/F: Wilm’s tumor is usually unilateral.

True

Which of the following describes the early-stage appearance of endometrial cancer? hemorrhage loculations necrosis wall thickening

wall thickening

Which of these conditions may be secondary to renal stone formation? Hydronephrosis Renal cancer PKD Horseshoe kidney

Hydronephrosis

What aspect of the kidney can be affected by renal cell carcinoma (RCC)? (Choose all correct) collecting system medulla Gerota’s fascia cortex

collecting system medulla cortex

What is the most common cause of kidney laceration? Infarct Hemorrhage Trauma Thrombus

Trauma

Which of the following statements are true concerning RCC? (Choose all correct) unifocal or multifocal general kidney atrophy necrosis in large lesions calcification in 30% of lesions

unifocal or multifocal necrosis in large lesions calcification in 30% of lesions

Wilm’s tumor is most likely to affect which of the following demographics? Smokers Males Elderly Children

Children

Define Horseshoe kidney

Congenital condition in which the kidneys are fused together at the upper and lower poles.

Define Wilm’s tumor

visualized as a large mass completely replacing the kidneys and filling one side of the abdominal cavity.

Define Renal Cancer

most common malignancy of the kidneys

Which of the following are likely indicators of bladder cancer? (Choose all correct) hydronephrosis asymmetrical wall thickening renal stone focal mass lesion

asymmetrical wall thickening focal mass lesion

Which of the following describes potential characteristics of adrenal lesions (Choose all correct) metastatic cystic malignant benign

All of the above

Which of the following describes the appearance of uterine fibroids in sectional imaging? (Choose all correct) Solid Calcified Cystic Variable size

Variable size

What is the distinguishing feature of ovarian cancer? Wall thickening General enlargement Cystic changes Rim-enhancement

General enlargement

Which of the following imaging characteristics indicate prostate cancer as opposed to BPH? (Choose all correct) General enlargement urine outflow obstructions lymphadenopathy asymmetry

lymphadenopathy asymmetry

By what age will 90% of men have some degree of BPH? 80 60 90 70

Which of these conditions is most likely to metastasize? Wilm’s tumor Urolithiasis BPH Uterine leiomyoma

Wilm’s tumor