final review Flashcards
final exam
1
Q
Pes anserina Bursa
A
bursa behind the semitendenosus, gracilis and sartorius
2
Q
Housemaids knee
A
pre-patellar bursitis
3
Q
valgus stress
A
MCL
4
Q
varus stress
A
LCL
5
Q
Anterior drawer/ lachman
A
ACL
6
Q
posterior drawer
A
PCL
7
Q
McMurray
A
meniscus medial and lateral
8
Q
patellar apprehension
A
patellar subluxation/dislocation
9
Q
effusion
A
milking, patellar ballotment
10
Q
action and muscles:
C5
A
shoulder abduction
deltoid/ supraspinatous
11
Q
action and muscles:
C6
A
biceps
brachialis/ biceps C5, 6
12
Q
action and muscles:
C7
A
triceps
triceps c7
13
Q
action and muscles:
C8
A
finger flex
FDS/FDP/lumbricals C8
14
Q
action and muscles:
T1
A
finger intrinsics
dorsal/palmar interossei T1
15
Q
action and muscles:
L1
A
hip flexion
iliopsoas L1-3
16
Q
action and muscles:
L2
A
hip adduction
adductor longus L2-4
17
Q
action and muscles:
L3
A
lower leg extension
quad L2-4
18
Q
action and muscles:
L4
A
foot dorsiflexion
anterior tibialis L4
19
Q
action and muscles:
L5
A
big toe dorsiflexion
extensor hallucis longus L5
20
Q
action and muscles:
S1
A
foot plantarflexion
soleus/gastroc S1-S2
21
Q
Piriformis Syndrome
A
compression of the sciatic nerve at sciatic notch
22
Q
Stensen’s duct is found on
A
opposite 2nd maxillary molar
23
Q
cobblestoning
A
lymphatics
24
Q
medial ligaments of ankle
A
deltoid
25
lateral ligaments of ankle
anterior talofibular ligament
posterior talofibular ligament
calcaneofibular ligament
26
inversion ankle injury
lateral malleolus
navicular
5th metatarsal base
27
glaucoma what ratio is increased
increased cup to disc ratio
28
possible reasons of why there is an absent red reflex
- retinoblastoma
| - congenital cataract
29
Horner's syndrome symptoms
- miosis
- ptosis
- anhydrosis
30
kernig test for
meningeal irritation
31
brudzinski test for
meningeal irritation
32
pterygium
conjunctival growth- benign
33
anisicoria
traumatic mydriasis
34
optic neuritis might result in
papilledema
35
special test of the hip
FABER/patrick
36
motion of supraspinatus
abduction
37
motion of infraspinatus
external rotation
38
motion of subscapularis
internal rotation
39
motion of teres minor
extension and external rotation
40
motion for medial nerve
wrist flexion
41
motion for radial nerve
wrist extensor
42
motion of ulnar nerve
finger adduction
43
elbow integrated function
tinel
44
elbow special test for elbow
medial/lateral epicondylitis
45
hand special test
tinel
phalen
finkelstein
46
A wave
right atrial contraction
47
X-descent
right atrial relaxation, ventricular contraction
48
V-wave
right atrial filling
49
Y descent
opening of tricuspid valve and passive right ventricular filling
50
Aortic stenosis
- upper sternal border
- radiate to carotid
- crescendo/decrescendo
51
aortic regurgitation
- left parasternal border
| - decrescendo
52
mitral stenosis
- radiate to axilla
- opening snap
- decrescendo
53
mitral regurgitation
- left axilla
| - holosystolic
54
tricuspid stenosis
- left sternal border
| - split S1
55
tricuspid regurgitation
- right sternal border
- radiates up
- holosystolic
56
pulmonic stenosis
2nd intercostal space, left sternal border
- radiates to back
- crescendo/decrescendo
57
pulmonic regurgitation
- left lower sternal border
| - decresendo
58
what transmits sound better
air or fluid?
fluid transmits sound better than air as long as they are in contact with the airspace
59
tactile fremitus
increased?
decreased?
increased in conditions that enhance sound flow like alveolar pneumonia
decreased in conditions that block sound flow like masses or pleural effusions
60
percussion is increased in
COPD and markedly so in pheumothorax
61
is C wave visible on a normal patient exam?
Nope
62
S1 comes after
a wave
63
S2 comes before the
v wave
64
broncophony, whispered pectoriloquy, egophony when positive shows that there is a
increased transmission of sound through fluid in consolidated air spaces
65
locations of normal breath sounds
- tracheal
- bronchial
- bronchovesicular
- vesicular
66
abnormal pulmonary sounds
- stridor- airway obstruction
- wheezing - respiratory airway
- rales - alveolar
- ronchi - large ariways
67
shifting dullness
ascites
68
mood
described by patient
69
affect
observation by the physician
70
4 affect terms
- range
- intensity
- appropriateness
- relatedness
71
5 parameters of speech
- amount
- speed
- volume
- clarity
- fluency
72
3 parameters of language
- complexity
- comprehension
- coherence
73
thought process
- relevance and logical connections between thoughts
| - tengenital, lossening of associations
74
thought content
- what patient thinks about
| - delusions and obsessions
75
weber
lateralization
76
Rinne
air conduction>bone conduction
77
```
Reflexes are graded on a 0-4 scale:
0 –
1 –
2 –
3 –
4 –
```
```
0 – No response
1 – Diminished
2 – Normal
3 – Increased
4 – Hyperactive
```
78
XI. Spinal
| Accessory
● Head, neck, and
shoulder movement
● phonation
Ask patient to elevate shoulders against resistance
79
XII. Hypoglossal
Tongue movement Ask patient to stick out tongue, looking for deviation to
one side
80
X. Vagus
```
● Taste; sensation of pharynx,
larynx, and ear
● swallowing
● parasympathetic to
heart and abdominal
viscera
● phonation
Test by listening to the patient speak.
```
81
Gag reflex
afferent: 9
efferent: 10
82
IX. Glossopharyngeal
```
● Taste posterior 1/3
tongue
● sensation of pharynx
and ear
● parotid gland secretion
● elevate palate
● Test the gag reflex; Ask patient to say “Ahhhh” and watch palate
elevation.
```
83
VIII.
| Vestibulocochlear
● Hearing
● equilibrium
● Complete auditory and bone and air conduction tests
for hearing (Weber and Rinne)
● Test balance by asking patient to stand on one foot
and close eyes.
84
VII. Facial
```
● Facial expression
● taste anterior 2/3
tongue
● lacrimal,
submandibular, and
sublingual gland secretion
● sensation of palate and
external ear
● Motor function: the patient is asked to bare teeth,
puff out checks, and close eyes against resistance while
examining for asymmetry.
● Sensation: have patient taste salty, sweet, sour and
bitter substances on the anterior tongue
```
85
VI. Abducens*
Eye movement – lateral rectus
est lateral deviation of eye.
86
V. Trigeminal
● Chewing
● general sensation of
face, scalp, and teeth
● Motor function: have patient clench her teeth and
look and feel temporal and masseter muscles.
● Sensation testing: using a cotton swab or finger on
the forehead, cheeks, and jaw, test the ophthalmic,
maxillary, and mandibular divisions.
● Corneal reflex tests V and VII.
87
IV. Trochlear*
Eye movement – superior
| oblique Have patient look downward and inward
88
III. Oculomotor
```
● Eye movement –
medial, superior, inferior
rectus, inferior oblique
● pupillary constriction
● accommodation
● upper eyelid
movement
● Have patient open eye and look up.
● Test for pupillary light reflex
```
89
II. Optic
Vision Test visual acuity.
90
I. Olfactory
Smell Have patient smell something such as cinnamon or
| vanilla.
91
rales
alveoli
92
wheezes
bronchi
93
stridor
upper airways
94
pleural rubes
pleura
95
global reduction in amount of thought
poverty of thought
thought process: the amount of thinking that the patient is engaged in
96
thought restricted to a limited set of ideas
thought preservation
thought process: the amount of thinking that the patient is engaged in
97
continuous flow of speech/thought that jumps from topic to topic; a series of loose associations or tangenital thought
flight of ideas
thought process: tempo
98
thought proceeds slowly with limited associations
retarded thinking
thought process: tempo
99
follows a logical, progressive course
linear thought
thought process: form/coherence
100
a symptom of disordered thought marked by tedious, unnecessary detail but where the speaker eventually reaches the point
circumstantial
thought process: form/coherence
101
subsequent thoughts are linked but proceed in a new or different direction
tangential
thought process: form/coherence
102
jumping from subject to subject w/out apparent logical pr sequential connections to the listener
loosening of associations
thought process: form/coherence
103
words/phrases connected due to characteristics of the words themselves (rhyming/pruning) rather than meaning they convey
clang associations
thought process: form/coherence
