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final review Flashcards

1
Q

TMPRSS2-ERG gene is associated with

A

prostatic adenocarcinoma

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2
Q

isochromosome 12- i(12p) is associated with

A

testicular carcinoma- classic seminoma

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3
Q

BPH is located _____ in the prostate

A

centrally

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4
Q

Carcinoma is located ____ in the prostate

A

peripherally

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5
Q

genetic/cytogenetic abnormality:

p53 mutation

A

serous CA of endometrium (Type 2 endometrial carcinoma)

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6
Q

genetic/cytogenetic abnormality:

69XXY

A

partial mole

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7
Q

genetic/cytogenetic abnormality:

46XX (all paternal chromosomes)

A

complete mole

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8
Q

Isochromosome 12p or extra 12p is highly specific for germ cell tumors; extra copies of 12p associated with tumor progression and treatment failure, particularly in non-seminomatous germ cell tumors

A

yep

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9
Q

genetic/cytogenetic abnormality:

PTEN

A

hyperplasia- type 2 endometrial cancer

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10
Q

carcinoma associated with DES exposure in utero

A

clear cell adenocarcinoma of vagina

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11
Q

cancer associated with the vagina; small round blue cell tumor and it is desmin positive

A

embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma

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12
Q

most frequent cause of death in untreated squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix

A

renal failure due to ureteric obstruction, hydroureter and hydronephrosis

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13
Q

most common invasive malignancy of the female reproductive tract is cancer of the

A

endometrium

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14
Q

Meig syndrome is the association of ascites and hydrothorax with an ovarian tumor, usually:

A

fibroma

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15
Q

krukenberg

A

metastatic

**stomach/colon/breast cancer

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16
Q

sertoli-leydig ovary neoplasm releases

A

androgen

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17
Q

schiller-Duval- glomeruloid body

A

Yolk sac

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18
Q

call-exner or coffee bean nucleus

A

granulosa/estrogen cell tumor

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19
Q

word associations:

HCG

A

choriocarcinoma

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20
Q

word associations:

AFP

A

Yolk sac

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21
Q

word associations:

CA 125

A

serous adenocarcinoma

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22
Q

word associations:

serotonin

A

carcinoid

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23
Q

word associations:

thryoid hormone

A

struma ovarii

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24
Q

word associations:

endometriosis

A

endometrioid and clear cell CA endometriotic cyst

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25
word associations: fallopian tube STIC
serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma- serous carcinoma of ovary
26
word associations: psammoma bodies
serous carcinoma- papillary tumor
27
word associations: LDH
dysgerminoma/seminoma
28
When do we see human placental lactogen
early pregnancy
29
acetylcholinesterase is associated with
neural tube defect- AFP
30
magnesium sulfate is a
calcium antagonists and thus it is a uterine relaxants
31
what acts as ripening agents
prostaglandins
32
acceleration- deceleration-acceleration is due to compression and decompression of the cord
variable decelerations variable deceleration are variable in duration, intensity and timing.
33
severe decelerations have depth below 70 bpm, and a duration longer than 1 minute. persistent variable decelerations may lead to acidosis and fetal distress
severe variable decelerations
34
fetal heart rate lags behind contractions, with little or no vriability in line. Persistent late decelerations associated with decreased variability is an ominous pattern
late deceleration with variability loss
35
baseline fetal heart rate is 120-160, preserved beat to beat and long term variability accelerations last for 15 or more seconds above baseline, and peak to 15 or more bpm
reassuring pattern
36
what is the risk of breast carcinoma from a fibroadenoma
no risk- completely benign
37
BRACA has what percentage of getting breast carcinoma
60-85% lifetime risk
38
These are all: Adenosis Apocrine metaplasia Duct ectasia Ductal hyperplasia of usual type, mild
benign, non-proliferative disease that have no increased risk of developing breast carcinoma
39
these are all: Ductal hyperplasia of usual type, moderate or florid Intraductal papilloma Sclerosing adenosis
benign proliferative disease without atypia have a slight increase risk of developing breast carcinoma
40
breast carcinoma risk from atypical ductal hyperplasia
moderate risk
41
breast carcinoma risk from DCIS and LCIS
high risk
42
Foci of chronic inflammatory cells in the stroma and normal appearing glands
prostatitis
43
Glands lined by a single layer of epithelium and packed back to back
prostatic adenocarcinoma
44
Hyperplastic nodules of stroma and glands lined by two layers of epithelium
BPH
45
Nests of cells with glycogen rich cytoplasm and prominent nucleoli with lost of lymphocytes
classic seminoma
46
menorrhagia and pelvic pain with no nodularity but symmetrically enlarged uterus
adenomyosis
47
Under the influence of high levels of unopposed estrogen, the endometrium undergoes hyperplasia. Glands >>>> stroma
endometrial hyperplasia
48
leiomyomas are estrogen and progesterone sensitive?
yep, may regress if estrogen decreases or increase in size in pregnancy
49
deformity that leads to torsion of testes
bell clapper
50
Clomiphene citrate is a
selective estrogen receptor modulator and is used for ovulation induction.
51
Letrozole is an
aromatase inhibitor and also used for OI.
52
pituitary infarction due to postpartum hemorrhage
sheehan syndrome
53
string of pearls sign
PCOs
54
endometrial hyperplasia without atypia
progesterone only medication
55
cervical cancer is treated by
radical hysterectomy
56
Boobs-pubs-spurts-squirts
female puberty timing
57
atony
uterus does not contract after labor
58
matrix metalloproteinase
it is a collagen bond disruption which allows to ripen the cervix
59
hyaluronic acid
increases in hydration of ground substance
60
which is the main hormone for cervical ripening
prostaglandins
61
transverse lie needs to be delivered by
Cesarean C-section
62
station AP view
baby location based on ischial line +2 +3- very low stations
63
progesterone does what?
relaxes smooth muscle
64
blood pressure in pregnancy?
is decreased due to progesterone mediated decreases in peripheral vascular resistance
65
cystocele
prolapse of the bladder
66
enterocele
prolapse of the small bowel
67
rectocele
prolapse of the rectum (hernia)
68
uterine prolapse
prolapse of the uterus
69
vaginal vault prolapse
prolapse of the vagina- after a hysterectomy
70
fetal insuffiiciency/ fetal hypoxia fetal monitor patterns
late decelerations with variability loss

reproductive (27 decks)

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