Final Study Guide

Question 1

Covalent bonding

Answer 1

bond between nonmetal and nonmetal
(nonmetal atoms share eletrons)

Question 2

Ionic Bonding

Answer 2

Gving and taking electrons (not sharings)
at least one metal and at least one nonmetal
strong electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 3

metallic bonding

Answer 3

strong electrostatic attraction between positive ions and negative delocalized electrons (only occurs between metals
metals)

Question 4

Duet Rule

Answer 4

H and He may have no more than 2 electrons in their valence shells

Question 5

Ductility

Answer 5

ability for material to be stretched, pulled, or drawn into a thin wire or thread without breaking

Question 6

nonpolar covalent

Answer 6

electrons are shared equally between atoms

Question 7

polar covalent bond

Answer 7

when atoms with different electronegativities share electrons in a covalent bond

Question 8

molecular compound

Answer 8

molecules whose formula represents the actual number of atoms bonded together in the molecule
(ex. H20 has 3)

Question 9

Polyatomic Molecules

Answer 9

electrically neutral groups of three or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

Question 10

polyatomic ion

Answer 10

an ion that contains more than one atom

Question 11

justification for chemical bonding

Answer 11

atoms are trying to reach the most stable (lowest-energy) state that they can

Question 12

ionic compounds

Answer 12

the compounds formed by the transfer of electrons between metals and non-metals

Question 13

metallic compound

Answer 13

formed by free-floating electrons around positive metal ions

Question 14

law of definite proportion

Answer 14

the mass ratio of elements within a chemical compound is constant

Question 15

multiple proportions

Answer 15

when two elements combine with each other to form more than one compound, the weights of one element that combine with a fixed weight of the other are in a ratio of small whole numbers

Question 16

concept of a mole

Answer 16

The mole (symbol mol) is the unit of measurement for amount of substance, a quantity proportional to the number of elementary entities of a substance.

Question 17

Resonance

Answer 17

bonding of molecules that cannot be correctly represented by a single Lewis Structure

Question 18

halide ion

Answer 18

a halogen atom bearing a negative charge

Question 19

vsper

Answer 19

a model used to predict 3-D molecular geometry based on the number of valence shell electron bond pairs among the atoms in a molecule or ion

Question 20

low melting point and boiling points

Answer 20

covalent

Question 21

high melting and boiling points

Answer 21

metallic and ionic

Question 22

strong electrical conductance when dissolved in water

Answer 22

ionic

Question 23

low or no conductance when dissolved in water

Answer 23

covalent

Question 24

conducts electricity in a solid state

Answer 24

metallic

Question 25

this bond results from the attraction of cations to anions

Answer 25

ionic

Question 26

the unequal sharing of electrons results in this type of bond

Answer 26

polar covalent

Question 27

this bond results from the equal sharing of electrons

Answer 27

nonpolar covalent

Question 28

free floating valence electrons are attracted to cations

Answer 28

metallic

Question 29

the attraction between and metal and a nonmetal

Answer 29

ionic

Question 30

the bond formed when flourine is bonded with flourine

Answer 30

covalent

Question 31

if the electronegative different is .4 to 1.7 what type of bond is it?

Answer 31

polar covalent

Question 32

a molecule is formed from this type of bond

Answer 32

ionic

Question 33

a formula unit results from this type of bond

Answer 33

ionic

Question 34

formula unit

Answer 34

smallest unit of ionic compound
simplest collection of atoms from which ionic compound’s formula can be established

Question 35

which elements form double bonds?

Answer 35

carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen

Question 36

lewis dot structures drawn for

Answer 36

covalent compounds