final test Flashcards
(41 cards)
Define solubility
The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.
Solubility is often expressed in terms of concentration.
What is concentration?
The amount of solute in a given volume of solvent.
Concentration can be increased or decreased by adding more solute or solvent.
What does viscosity measure?
The resistance of a fluid to flow, indicating how particles move.
High viscosity means slow movement, while low viscosity means fast movement.
What are WHMIS symbols?
Symbols used to communicate hazards associated with hazardous materials in the workplace.
WHMIS stands for Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System.
Why does the total volume decrease when mixing two liquids?
Due to the arrangement of particles that occupy less space when mixed.
Example: 500ml + 500ml does not equal 1000ml.
How is density calculated?
Density = mass/volume.
Density indicates how closely packed the particles of a substance are.
How is pressure calculated?
Pressure = force/area.
Pressure is exerted in all directions.
What is a hydraulic system?
A system that uses liquid to transmit force.
It provides mechanical advantage by multiplying force.
What is a pneumatic system?
A system that uses gas to transmit force.
Pneumatic systems are often faster than hydraulic systems.
Define cell
The basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
Cells can be single-celled or multi-celled.
What is the difference between single-cell and multi-cellular organisms?
Single-cell organisms consist of one cell, while multi-cellular organisms have multiple cells.
Multi-cellular organisms can perform more complex functions.
What are the main differences between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts; animal cells do not.
Plant cells typically have a larger central vacuole.
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
Osmosis occurs from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Diffusion occurs until equilibrium is reached.
What are the structures and functions of body parts?
Different body parts are specialized for specific functions, such as movement, digestion, and circulation.
Understanding these functions is key to studying anatomy.
What are the main body systems?
Skeletal, muscular, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, nervous, endocrine, and immune systems.
Each system performs vital functions to maintain homeostasis.
What is the purpose of a microscope?
To magnify small objects for detailed observation.
The field of view in a microscope is the visible area seen through the lens.
What are early ideas about light?
Light was once thought to be a ‘heat ray’ or a stream of particles.
These ideas evolved with advancements in optical science.
What are the properties of light?
Light travels in straight lines, can be reflected, refracted, and absorbed.
These properties are fundamental to understanding optics.
What is the difference between transparent, opaque, and translucent materials?
Transparent materials allow light to pass through; opaque materials do not; translucent materials allow some light through.
This classification affects visibility and light behavior.
How do you use a protractor?
To measure angles accurately.
Proper alignment with the baseline is crucial for accurate measurement.
What is the difference between reflection and refraction?
Reflection is the bouncing of light off a surface; refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another.
Both phenomena are essential in optics.
How do lenses affect the perception of objects?
Lenses can magnify, invert, or reduce the size of images depending on their shape.
Convex lenses converge light, while concave lenses diverge light.
What technologies correct vision?
Laser eye surgery, eyeglasses, contact lenses, and polarized lenses.
Each technology addresses specific vision problems.
