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History 103 Henry > FInal, Test #2 > Flashcards

FInal, Test #2 Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Trace Japan’s rise as an imperial power

A

Japan westernizes itself to prevent from western colonization
Meiji- Policy of westernization(emperor with parliament & military industrialization)

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2
Q

Invasion of Manchuria (1931)

A

Japans invasion of China that takes control of Manchuria
Renamed Manchukuo as a puppet state
Leader Pu Yi put in place
Japanese imperialism

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3
Q

Bombing of Shanghai (1937)

A

During the second sino-japanese war
In order to take control of Shanghai
Japanese imperialism

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4
Q

Rape of Nanjing (1938)

A

Unspeakable atrocities from Japanese soldiers

300,000 victims

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5
Q

Emperor Hirohito

A 
124th emperor (1926-1989)
Active in Japan militaristic role or passive?
Godlike figure for Japanese people
appointed prime minister Tojo (anti US and militaristic)
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6
Q

Pearl Harbor (japanese objective)

A

Dec 6, 1941
Attack at US pacific fleet in Hawaii
Japanese perspective- cripple US while securing pacific holdings
Might make the US resign to defeat

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7
Q

Hideki Tojo

A

Prime minister for Japan

Directly responsible for Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor

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8
Q

Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto

A

Strategist of Pearl Harbor

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9
Q

Pearl Harbor

A

Very devastating but not all objectives hit
No carriers destroyed/not a lot of officers
US declares war on Japan

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10
Q

Main objectives of Axis and Allies during WW2

A

Axis- Create vast empires

Allies- Roll back and destroy empires

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11
Q

Winston Churchill (objective)

A

Prime Minister of Great Britain- resist Nazi aggression

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12
Q

Joseph Stalin (Objective)

A

Resist Nazi aggression in the Soviet Union and Lebensraum

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13
Q

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (objective)

A

prevent imperialism in the pacific and Europe

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14
Q

Nazi Invasion into France

A

France surrenders quickly in June 1940

Quick sweep by Nazi forces

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15
Q

Battle of Britain

A

Fought entirely by airforces Luftwaffe v. RAF
Nazis try to bomb Britain into submission
July 1940- june 1941
Ends when Germany fails to take GB

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16
Q

Operation Barbarossa

A

codename for invasion of Russia by Nazi forces
launched June 22, 1941
Very broad front meant to take leningrad, moscow, and donets basin
Largest casualties of any military operation
Failure due to terrible conditions and weather

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17
Q

Siege of Leningrad

A

Siege by German troops in the city of Leningrad

Lasted 872 days and was costly in terms of casualties

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18
Q

Holocaust (WW2)

A

Nazi systematic genocide of jews and other ethnic and religious groups

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19
Q

Nuremberg Laws

A

1935- Laws that deprived jews of citizenship and basic rights
Jews forbidden to marry non-jews

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20
Q

Kristallnacht

A

Night of the broken glass
State sponsored attack on Jews Nov. 9-10, 1938
1000 synagogues burned
thousands of Jewish businesses, cemetaries, and schools vandalized

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21
Q

Creation of Warsaw ghetto to Einsatzgruppen

A

Ghettos created- Government run territories where Jews were confined
Einsatzgruppen- mobile killing squads

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22
Q

Wannsee Conference (1942)

A

Meeting to formulate the “final solution”

Death camps and impersonal killing

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23
Q

Auschwitz, Dachau, and Buchenwald, and Treblinka

A

Cattle cars to camps

Poison gas in showers

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24
Q

Axis held territory in Eurasia

A

Central Europe without Spain, Portugal, GB, Sweden, and part of Russia
Also north Africa

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25
North African campaign
Liberate N. Africa, go through Italy to S. Germany
26
Italian campaign
Allied military campaign to invade Sicily and move northward | Eventually ending at Germany
27
Battle of Stalingrad (aug42-feb43)
``` Germans v. Soviets on the banks of the Volga river Stalingrad an important industrial city turning point in the east Farthest point Germany reaches Urban battlefield German 6th army surrenders feb2, 43 ```
28
D-Day Invasion
June 6, 1944 allied invasion of Normandy, northwestern france Eisenhower supreme allied commander Paris liberated aug 25
29
Battle of the Bulge
German counter offensive Ardennes forest Ultimately a German defeat
30
Fall of Berlin
May 2, 1945, Soviets take control of Berlin German surrender V-E day, May 8, 1945
31
Japan strategy in the Pacific
build and maintain pacific empire
32
Basic US strategy in the Pacific
Island Hopping
33
Death March to Bataan
Brutal, 80 mile POW march to prison camps in the Pacific (Philippines)
34
Battle of Midway
US victory in the Pacific in Midway Atoll Japans worst naval defeat A decisive victory for the US
35
Battle of the Coral Sea
Battle in the Coral sea between Australia and New Zealand | US victory, primarily aircraft carriers used
36
Battle of Guadalcanal
First US offensive against Japanese
37
Battle of Saipan
June 1944 US close enough for bomb runs Demonstrated Japanese willingness to fight to the last man Close enough for US bombing raids
38
Battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa
Staging ground for an attack on the Japanese mainland | Iwo Jima- known that the US could not be stopped only slowed down-staged for a lot of casualties
39
Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings
Truman decides to use atomic bomb Hiroshima 80,000 killed instantly 140,000 all together caused a surrender from Hirohito
40
Potsdam Conference
Japan not yet surrendered Last meeting of allied 3 Germany defeated but Japan not
41
Cold War definition and the US/Soviet Union coldwar
A condition of competition, tension, conflict between the US and Soviet Union falling short of actual (hot war) Never officially declared war on each other 1945-1991
42
Yalta Conference
map out post war world friendly governments in Eastern Europe Divide Germany in four zones United Nations
43
"Iron Curtain" -Winston Churchill
metaphor for eastern Europe trapped under iron curtain You cant simply pull back the curtain Speech at Westminster college Fulton, MO
44
Harry Truman and Truman Doctrine
decidevely supporting anti-communist regimes with massive aid theory of containment
45
Yugoslavia
WW2 leader Tito creates communist state Yugoslavia | Not aligned with soviet bloc or any other state
46
Marshall Plan
Economically rebuild war torn Europe $12.5 billion Political weapon to fight the cold war Undermines the growth of communism
47
Berlin Blockade
begins june 7, 1948, creation of west Germany June 24, soviets stop all surface travel into Berlin US airlifts supplies to free Berlin zones- 300days 270,000 flights
48
Creation of NATO
created to prevent the attack on individual countries from Soviet Union
49
Madame Chiang Kai-shek
``` Leader of Peoples nationalist party that fought against communism for control of China Ultimately lost(due to corruption, demoralization, and hyperinflation) Went to Tawaiin after defeat ```
50
Formation of the Peoples Republic of China
great leap forward (1958-1960)- | Great proleterian cultural revolution(1966-1976)-
51
great leap forward (1958-1960)
rapid industrialization and collectivization of agriculture
52
Great proleterian cultural revolution(1966-1976)
red guards cleanse impure elements of chinese society
53
Korean War
Korea divided after WW2 North invades south US military intervention War ends on the 38th parallel
54
MacArthur's role in Korean War
Moves north and gets shut down by Chinese troops | pushed back to 38th parallel- two years of stalemate
55
Geneva conference (1954)
Right after France leaves, temporarily partition Vietnam at 17th parallel (divide)
56
Ho Chi Minh
vietnamese nationalist and marxist revolutionary | fights against french and US
57
Battle of Dien Bien Phu
China aids with weapons siezed from Korean War
58
Ngo Dinh Diem
First presiden of south vietnam US anti communist ally Unpopular with vietnamese people
59
US involvement in vietnam war
Goal to preserve and protect non communist s. korea US takes the brunt for South Vietnam's weak government and army Fall of Saigon to communists in 1975
60
Cambodia
Gains independence from french rule Khmer rouge takes control from Lon Nol Pol Pot takes control establishes communist gov and killing fields

History 103 Henry (1 decks)

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