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honors algebra final > final vocab > Flashcards

final vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

arithmetic sequence

A

a sequence in which the difference of consecutive terms is constant

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2
Q

asymptote

A

a line that a graph approaches more and more closely

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3
Q

augmented matrix

A

a matrix derived from a system of linear equations (each written in standard form with the constant term on the right)

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4
Q

axis of symmetry

A

a line that divides a parabola into mirror images and passes through the vertex

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5
Q

cluster sample

A

a sample in which a population is divided into groups, called clusters, and all of the members in one or more of the clusters are randomly selected

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6
Q

common difference

A

the constant difference d between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence

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7
Q

common logarithm

A

a logarithm with the base 10, denoted as log10 or simply log

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8
Q

common ratio

A

the constant ratio r between consecutive terms of a geometric sequence

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9
Q

completing the square

A

to add a term c to an expression of the form x^2 + bx such that x^2 + bx + c is a perfect trinomial

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10
Q

complex conjugates

A

pairs of complex numbers of the forms a + bi and a - bi, where b doesn’t equal 0

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11
Q

change of base formula

A

logab can be rewritten as (common log a) / (common log b)

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12
Q

complex fraction

A

a fraction that contains a fraction in its numerator or demoninator

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13
Q

complex number`

A

a number written in the form a + bi, where and b are real numbers

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14
Q

composition of functions

A

an operation that can be preformed with two functions

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15
Q

compound inequality

A

a sentence with two inequalities joined by “and” or “or”

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16
Q

conic section

A

a curve obtained as the intersection of the surface of a cone with a plane

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17
Q

consistent

A

obtaining the same or close to the same results every time

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18
Q

constant of a variation

A

the constant a in the inverse variation equation y = a/x where a doesn’t equal 0

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19
Q

continuous relation

A

a function that can take on any number within a certain interval

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20
Q

correlation coefficient

A

a number r from -1 to 1 that measures how well a line fits a set of data pairs (x,y)

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21
Q

dependent

A

outcome relies on another variable

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22
Q

dimensions of a matrix

A

the dimensions of a matrix with m rows and n columns are m x n

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23
Q

direct variation

A

the mathematical relationship between two variables, can be expressed as y=kx

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24
Q

discriminant

A

the expression b^2 - 4ac in the quadratic formula

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25
ellipse
a plane curve surrounding two focal points, such that for all points on the curve, the sum of the two distances to the focal points is a constant
26
end behavior
the behavior of the graph of a function as x approaches positive infinity or negative infinity
27
extraneous solution
solutions that are not solutions to the original equation
28
extrema
the maximum and minimum of a function
29
factor theorm
a polynomial f(x) has a factor (x-a) if and only if f(a)=0
30
finite sequence
a pattern that has some ending and follows a mathematical sequence or pattern.
31
function
a binary relation between two sets that associates to each element of the first set exactly one element of the second set
32
geometric sequence
a sequence in which the ratio of any term to the previous term is constant
33
greatest integer function
a function that returns to a constant value for each specific interval
34
growth factor
the value of b in an exponential growth function of the form y= ab^x, where a >0 and b >1
35
hyperbola
a symmetrical open curve that is formed by the intersection of a circular cone with a plane at the smaller angle with its axis than the side of the cone
36
identity function
a function that always returns to the same value as its augment
37
imaginary unit
the square root of -1, denoted i
38
inconsistent
not staying the same throughout
39
independent
a variable that represents a quantity that is being manipulated in an experiment.
40
infinite sequence
a sequence that follows a mathematical pattern and has no ending
41
interval notation
a way to describe continuous sets of real numbers by the numbers that bound them
42
inverse function
functions that undo each other
43
inverse relation
the set of ordered pairs obtained by interchanging the first and second elements of each pair in the original function
44
inverse variation
two variables x and y show inverse variation when y=a/x, where a doesnt equal 0
45
joint variation
describes a situation where one variable depends on two (or more) other variables, and varies directly as each of them when the others are held constant.
46
latus rectum
a chord of a conic section (such as an ellipse) that passes through a focus and is parallel to the directrix.
47
linear programming
method to achieve the best outcome in a mathematical model whose requirements are represented by linear relationships
48
logarithm
quantity representing the power to which a fixed number (the base) must be raised to produce a given number.
49
logistic growth model
e
50
matrix
a rectangular arrangement of numbers
51
nth root
for an internet n greater than 1, if b^n=a, then b is an nth root of a.
52
natural logarithm
a logarithm with base e, denoted by log-e or ln
53
negative exponent
just means that the base is on the wrong side of the fraction line, so you need to flip the base to the other side.
54
parabola
the graph of a quadratic function
55
parent function
the most basic function in a family of functions
56
piece-wise defined function
a function defined by two or more equations
57
point-slope form
y-y1=m(x-x1)
58
quadratic function
a function that can be written in the form f(x)=a(x-h)^2+k, where a ≠ 0
59
radicand
The value inside the radical symbol.
60
rate of change
is the speed at which a variable changes over a specific period of time.
61
rational exponent
an exponent that is a fraction
62
rational function
a rational function is any function which can be defined by a rational fraction
63
rationalizing the denominator
eliminate any radical expressions in the denominator
64
recursive formula
defines each term of a sequence using preceding term(s)
65
regression line
line that describes the true, but unknown, linear relationship between the two variables
66
relative maximum
point where the function changes from increasing to decreasing
67
relative minimum
point where the function changes from decreasing to increasing
68
root
a solution of an equation
69
scatter plot
a type of plot using coordinates to display values for different variables of data
70
sequence
an ordered list of numbers
71
set-builder notation
uses symbols to define a set, in terms of the properties of the members of the et
72
step function
a piece wise function defined by a constant value over a part of its domain
73
synthetic division
a shortcut method to divide a polynomial by a binomial of the form x-k
74
vertex form
a quadratic function written in the form f(x)= a(x-h)^2+k and a doesn't equal a
75
vertical line test
a visual way to determine if the graph is a function or not
76
zeros
an x value of a function f for which f(x)=0

honors algebra final (1 decks)

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